The document discusses autonomous vehicles and their components. It describes the history of autonomous vehicles from early prototypes in the 1980s to ongoing testing and development by major automakers. It then covers the various sensors used in autonomous vehicles like LIDAR, radar, cameras, GPS, and IMU. It also discusses the control systems for lateral and longitudinal control. Additional sections cover safety benefits, impacts on traffic, fuel economy advantages and limitations, and the future scope of automated transportation.
Introduction to Connected Cars and Autonomous VehiclesBill Harpley
This is the first of two lectures which were given to students and academic staff at the University of Portsmouth on March 28th 2017. It provides a broad overview of the technical and public policy challenges faced by the automotive industry.
An autonomous car is an autonomous vehicle capable of fulfilling the human transportation capabilities of a traditional car. As an autonomous vehicle, it is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input.
Google Self Driving Cars
The Google Self-Driving Car is a project by Google that involves developing technology for autonomous cars. The software powering Google's cars is called Google Chauffeur. Lettering on the side of each car identifies it as a "self-driving car". The project is currently being led by Google engineer Sebastian Thrun, former director of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and co-inventor of Google Street View. Thrun's team at Stanford created the robotic vehicle Stanley which won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge and its US$2 million prize from the United States Department of Defense. The team developing the system consisted of 15 engineers working for Google, including Chris Urmson, Mike Montemerlo, and Anthony Levandowski who had worked on the DARPA Grand and Urban Challenges.
Legislation has been passed in four states and the District of Columbia allowing driverless cars. The U.S. state of Nevada passed a law on June 29, 2011, permitting the operation of autonomous cars in Nevada, after Google had been lobbying in that state for robotic car laws. The Nevada law went into effect on March 1, 2012, and the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles issued the first license for an autonomous car in May 2012, to a Toyota Prius modified with Google's experimental driverless technology. In April 2012, Florida became the second state to allow the testing of autonomous cars on public roads, and California became the third when Governor Jerry Brown signed the bill into law at Google HQ in Mountain View. In July 2014, the city of Coeur d'Alene, Idaho adopted a robotics ordinance that includes provisions to allow for self-driving cars.
Videos
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCLyNDhxwpqNe3UeEmGHl8g
The Internet of Cars - Towards the Future of the Connected CarJorgen Thelin
No doubt you have heard the phrase “Internet of Things” and the new buzzword “IoT” been used more and more these days, but what does that mean in practice? The Tesla Model S is probably the most well-connected car on the planet at the moment, and in this presentation we will use that vehicle as a case study of some practical usage of IoT concepts and technology that is already being applied to modern automobiles. How far away are we from a future “Internet of Cars” and what will be the social and privacy impacts of more connected-car scenarios?
After decades of anticipation, practical self-driving cars are here. Drive.ai will deploy a self-driving car service for public use in Texas starting in July.
We can continue pushing self-driving forward by focusing on three key elements: industry-leading AI technology, local partnerships, and people-centric safety.
Introduction to Connected Cars and Autonomous VehiclesBill Harpley
This is the first of two lectures which were given to students and academic staff at the University of Portsmouth on March 28th 2017. It provides a broad overview of the technical and public policy challenges faced by the automotive industry.
An autonomous car is an autonomous vehicle capable of fulfilling the human transportation capabilities of a traditional car. As an autonomous vehicle, it is capable of sensing its environment and navigating without human input.
Google Self Driving Cars
The Google Self-Driving Car is a project by Google that involves developing technology for autonomous cars. The software powering Google's cars is called Google Chauffeur. Lettering on the side of each car identifies it as a "self-driving car". The project is currently being led by Google engineer Sebastian Thrun, former director of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and co-inventor of Google Street View. Thrun's team at Stanford created the robotic vehicle Stanley which won the 2005 DARPA Grand Challenge and its US$2 million prize from the United States Department of Defense. The team developing the system consisted of 15 engineers working for Google, including Chris Urmson, Mike Montemerlo, and Anthony Levandowski who had worked on the DARPA Grand and Urban Challenges.
Legislation has been passed in four states and the District of Columbia allowing driverless cars. The U.S. state of Nevada passed a law on June 29, 2011, permitting the operation of autonomous cars in Nevada, after Google had been lobbying in that state for robotic car laws. The Nevada law went into effect on March 1, 2012, and the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles issued the first license for an autonomous car in May 2012, to a Toyota Prius modified with Google's experimental driverless technology. In April 2012, Florida became the second state to allow the testing of autonomous cars on public roads, and California became the third when Governor Jerry Brown signed the bill into law at Google HQ in Mountain View. In July 2014, the city of Coeur d'Alene, Idaho adopted a robotics ordinance that includes provisions to allow for self-driving cars.
Videos
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCLyNDhxwpqNe3UeEmGHl8g
The Internet of Cars - Towards the Future of the Connected CarJorgen Thelin
No doubt you have heard the phrase “Internet of Things” and the new buzzword “IoT” been used more and more these days, but what does that mean in practice? The Tesla Model S is probably the most well-connected car on the planet at the moment, and in this presentation we will use that vehicle as a case study of some practical usage of IoT concepts and technology that is already being applied to modern automobiles. How far away are we from a future “Internet of Cars” and what will be the social and privacy impacts of more connected-car scenarios?
After decades of anticipation, practical self-driving cars are here. Drive.ai will deploy a self-driving car service for public use in Texas starting in July.
We can continue pushing self-driving forward by focusing on three key elements: industry-leading AI technology, local partnerships, and people-centric safety.
As per the growth of population, every company lunch their products with new technology and features. Automobile industry also lunch new cars with new technology and features.
Autonomous cars, car sharing and electric vehiclesAnandRaoPwC
Talk presented at the second Autonomous Cars conference hosted by SwissRe in Armonk, NY on September 24, 2015. The talk covers the interaction between car sharing, autonomous cars and electric vehicles and how the feedback between these three areas will propel greater consumer adoption.
A presentation conducted by Professor Ram Pendyala, Transport Systems, School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, United States of America. Presented on Tuesday the 1st of October 2013
Rapidly evolving vehicular technologies, including the advent of driverless and connected vehicles, are likely to have far-reaching implications on the design, development, provision, and financing of infrastructure in the future.
There is widespread interest in and debate on the possible impacts that autonomous vehicles will have on people’s activity travel patterns, location choices, vehicle ownership, and use of time. At the same time, ubiquitous mobile technologies and rapidly evolving communication systems
have provided the ability to access information any time anywhere, and to obtain instantaneous feedback on the
financial, temporal, energy, carbon, and health impacts of the full range of travel choices that may be exercised by users of the transport infrastructure. The gradual penetration of driverless and connected vehicles into households and business fleets over a period of time will necessitate the adaptation of existing infrastructure
to deal with a mixed fleet of autonomous and manually controlled vehicles on the transition to a fully automated transportation system. This presentation focuses on the
scenarios that may play out on the path to transport automation and the implications of the different scenarios on the design and provision of infrastructure. The presentation will draw a distinction among various emerging vehicular technologies, consider market penetration scenarios, identify the range of behavioral choices and outcomes that may result from the ownership of such vehicles, and assess the sustainability implications of emerging vehicles. While driverless vehicles may ease the stress of driving, enhance safety, reliability, and capacity utilization, and allow travelers to use travel time productively, many of these benefits do not necessarily come without costs. The convenience afforded by such
technologies may lead to dramatic shifts in work and home location choices that result in larger vehicle miles of travel – which will in turn have implications from energy, environmental, and infrastructure provision perspectives. This presentation includes a discussion of the multitude of perspectives that must be considered in planning for a driverless transportation system of the future.This presentation is the result of a collaboration between Professor Pendyala and Professors Brad Allenby and Mikhal Chester
Park assist systems and telematics brief introductionRajni Ranjan
The report briefly describes the presently available Drive Assist System (DAS) and what we can have in near future. It also briefly introduces Telematics in Automotive - Rajni Ranjan
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Autonomous vehicles: A study of implementation and security IJECEIAES
Autonomous vehicles have been invented to increase the safety of transportation users. These vehicles can sense their environment and make decisions without any external aid to produce an optimal route to reach a destination. Even though the idea sounds futuristic and if implemented successfully, many current issues related to transportation will be solved, care needs to be taken before implementing the solution. This paper will look at the pros and cons of implementation of autonomous vehicles. The vehicles depend highly on the sensors present on the vehicles and any tampering or manipulation of the data generated and transmitted by these can have disastrous consequences, as human lives are at stake here. Various attacks against the different type of sensors on-board an autonomous vehicle are covered.
1. SRI KRISHNA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
Under the guidance of
Mrs.Hemalatha Amilineni
Asst. Prof.,Dept. of ECE
SKIT, Bengaluru
Presenter
Vinod Kumar M.P.
3. History Sensors
Full
Autonomous
Safety
Impacts on
Traffic
Benefits &
limitations
Introduction
Autonomous car/ Driverless car
capable of sensing its environment
and navigating
Easy switch between automatic and
driver control
History Sensors Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Vinod Kumar M. P.
4. History
1980-car by E.Dickmann &
Mercedes Benz reaches 96kmph
1977-Tsukubu Lab, Japan.
Autonomous car achieves 32kmph speed
1987-1995
Several cars were tested across
varying distances in europe directing
research towards vision based
technology
2004-First grand challenge is held
with 15 autonomous vehicles
competing in a 150 mile challenge.
2010- Google driverless car program begins with
a fleet of autonomous Prius hybrid
2011
State of Nevada,US approves
first law allowing autonomous cars on road
Major car manufacturers including VW,GM,
Audi, BMW & others are testing autonomous
Technologies & fully autonomous cars
2012
Sensors Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
7. Sensors
RADAR
SMS™ Radar
HELLA™ Radar
TRW ™ Radar
History Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
8. Sensors
Global Positioning
System(GPS)
GPS system includes:
GPS chip
GPS antenna
GPS software driver
History Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
9. Sensors
Global Positioning
System(GPS)
GPS system includes:
GPS chip
GPS antenna
GPS software driver
FS Oncore GPS chip
History Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
10. Sensors
Global Positioning
System(GPS)
GPS system includes:
GPS chip
GPS antenna
GPS software driver Motorola’s Hawk GPS Antenna
History Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
11. Sensors
Global Positioning
System(GPS)
GPS system includes:
GPS chip
GPS antenna
GPS software driver
History Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
15. Control System
Lateral Control
Longitudinal Control
History Sensors Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
16. Control System
Lateral Control
Lane Departure Warning System(LDWS)
History Sensors Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
18. Control System
Lateral Control
Methods to keep up the lane:
Embedded magnetic markers.
Highly accurate GPS and digital maps.
Image processing.
History Sensors Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
19. Control System
Lateral Control
Parallel Parking Assist
History Sensors Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
20. Control System
Longitudinal Control
Rear Parking Assistant
History Sensors Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
21. Control System
Longitudinal Control
Adaptive Cruise Control(ACC)
History Sensors Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
22. Control System
Longitudinal Control
Adaptive Cruise Control(ACC)
History Sensors Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
23. Safety
90% 30000 fewer deaths
4.95million fewer accidents2million fewer injuries
Reduce road accidents by
History Sensors Control
System
Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
24. Impacts on Traffic
Less congested.
Economic improvements.
Reduction in time.
Improvements in parking.
History Sensors Control
System
Safety Fuel
economy
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
25. Fuel economy
90% saving fuel
Effective speeding up & braking Improved Economy
Reduction of wasted Energy
History Sensors Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Benefits &
limitations
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
26. Benefits & limitations
Fewer traffic collision
Elimination of redundant passengers
Removal of constraints on occupants
Improved fuel efficiency
History Sensors Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
27. Benefits & limitations
Initial cost is more
Maintenance is difficult
All the roads must be properly
painted/embedded with magetic markers
Power consumption is more
History Sensors Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Future
scope
Introduction
Vinod Kumar M. P.
28. History Sensors Control
System
Safety Impacts on
Traffic
Fuel
economy
Future scope
Introduction
Benefits &
limitations
Automated transportation structure will greatly prevent
many problems caused by the traffic.
Implementation of autonomous cars will allow vehicles
to use the roads more efficiently
Narrow lanes will no longer be a problem
Vinod Kumar M. P.
29. Conclusion
Design easy to operate for the user
Great advantages, speed control, accident free, fuel
savage
In the near future, autonomous cars will be more common
all over the world
Vinod Kumar M. P.
30. References
[1]. Qayum M.A, Siddique N.A, Haque M.A, Tayeen A.S.M. “ Control of autonomous cars for
intelligent transportation system”. International Conference on Digital Object Identifier:
10.1109/ICIEV.2012.6317339 Publication Year: 2012 , Page(s): 377 – 382 .
[2]. Althoff Matthias ,Stursberg Olaf , Buss Martin. “ Safety Assessment of Autonomous
Cars using Verification Techniques”. American Control Conference, 2007. ACC '07 Digital
Object Identifier: 10.1109/ACC.2007.4282809 Publication Year: 2007 , Page(s): 4154 – 4159
[3]. Holzapfel Wolfgang , Sofsky M , Neuschaefer-Rube U. “Road profile recognition for
autonomous car navigation and Navstar GPS support” Aerospace and Electronic Systems, IEEE
Transactions on Volume: 39 , Issue: 1 Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TAES.2003.1188890
Publication Year: 2003 , Page(s): 2 – 12.
[4]. Arogeti, Shai A. , Berman, Nadav . “ Path Following of Autonomous Vehicles in the
Presence of Sliding Effects”. Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transactions
Volume: 61 , Issue: 4 . Publication Year: 2012 , Page(s): 1481 - 1492
Vinod Kumar M. P.
