This document discusses the water usage and treatment processes in the automobile industry. It notes that the industry uses around 148,000 litres of water to make a single car. It also details the various production stages involved in car manufacturing like chassis production, e-coating, surface finishing, pre-assembly and final assembly. The document then explains the water treatment technologies used by automotive plants like microfiltration, reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration to treat wastewater before discharge and ensure water quality standards are met.

2. *Design, development, manufacturing,
marketing and selling of motor vehicles.
* does not include industries dedicated to
maintenance of automobiles.
*India has an annual production of
approximately about 2.3 million units

3. *India’s automobile industry is one of the
most capital-intensive with a big
appetite for re-investment in R&D at
regular intervals
*Production cost per annum in India’s
auto mobile industry is 58000 crore
*Out of which 30% is used for water
consumption

6. *About 148000 litres of water used to make
a car
*About 7600 litres of water used to make
its tires
*100 gallons of water with only a 10-minute
car wash in automobile industry

7. * surface water – 82% of total industrial withdrawals
(in this 82% of surface water-93% of water will be
fresh water)
ground water – 98% of total industrial withdrawals
( in this 98% of ground water- 98% of water will
be fresh water)

9. *Oil, grease, metals which are used
for painting of automobiles
* emission of nitrogen and other
contaminates
* car washing detergents contain
phosphorus

10. Oil, petroleum, toxins _ kill fish, plants,
From automobile industry aquatic life and
even peoples
Trace metals and _ contaminate drinking
Degreasing agents water can cause
illness
Phosphorus and nitrogen _ depletes water of
oxygen, growth of algae
killing fish, aquatic life

11. 1.The chassis production unit
2.The E-coating
3.The surface finish centre
4.The pre-assembly
5.The final assembly line

13. * most challenge work
*An automobile’s body is made
up of aluminium rather than
steel
Reason: the body stiffer and
saves the cars weight
*Around 2000 welds in this
process which only well skilled
workers can perform it

14. *Used to protect by
corrosion
*Submerged in chemical
where it is rotates in 360
degrees to get coated
from inside and outside
*The coating is of:
1.NICKEL
2.MANGANESES
3.ZINC

15. *Build the major
components of car like:
1.doors
2.instrument panel
3.the engine
*Polishes the body and
makes a perfect finish
*Varies chemicals are
used

16. *The final assembly line is divided in 7 units
Unit 1 – installs thin sound proofing sheet (to prevent
noise)
Unit 2 –wiring is done all over the body
Unit 3 –installs strong and stiff instrument panel made
of magnesium
Unit 4 –attaches engine to the chassis and provides
heart to the body

17. Unit 5 –installs the cars windows as well as
windshields
Unit 6 –installation of the seats
Unit 7 –the car’s wheels are mounted

21. - Reverse Osmosis Plant (RO System)
- Water Demineralization Plant
- Industrial Water Softener
- Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)
- Wastewater Treatment / Recycling Plant
- UV / Ozone System
- Ultrafiltration / MBR

23. SCREENING:
* A screen with openings of uniform size is used to remove large
solids
* maximum 10mm is used

24. REACTION TANK:
* To adjust the PH in the process
* To improve the attraction among fine particles so
that they cometogether and form larger particles
called flocs
* Those flocs are settled out more quickly
PH CONTROL:
* To adjust the PH in the treatment process to
make wastewater PH neutral
* For acidic wastes (low pH): NaOH,
Na2CO3,CaCO3or Ca(OH)2
* For alkali wastes (high pH): H2SO4, HCl

25. CONDENSATION TANK:
* To remove oil and grease which are used in
manufacturing process
* Some chemicals are used to remove those wastes
SEDIMENTATION TANK:
* After primary and secondary treatment of effluent
* Used to increase the removal of solids from effluent
by gravity method
* Here sediment sludge returns into activated sludge
process

27. NEUTRALIZATION TANK:
* To balance the excess acidity in water
* Excessively acid or alkaline wastes should not be
discharged into a receiving stream without
treatment
* Here, organic materials are removed
SAND FILTER:
* To removing most of the solids
* particles are removed by way of absorption
DISCHARGED TANK:
* Here, treated water is discharged

28. Automotive plant water treatment
technologies includes:
1.Microfiltration
2.Reverse osmosis
3.Ultrafiltration

29. *Critical step of treatment applications, including potable
water treatment and industrial and municipal wastewater
treatment
*Acts as both filter and disinfectant
*Requires less than 2 bar pressure
*Physical barrier to a wide range of microorganisms, pathogens
and suspended particles larger than 0.1micrometre

30. *To remove particulates and macromolecules from
water in waste water
*Membranes have a pore size between 100 to 2nm and
require 1 to 10 bar pressure to operate

31. *Membrane with pores of less than 1nm
*Used to separate salts, ions and small organic
molecules from feed water
*Requires high pressure to function it (80 bar)

32. SN ITEMS
Before
Treatment
After Treatment
1 Temperatur
e
250 C to 350 C Not exceed 50 C
above ambient
2 Colour Light yellowish Colourless
3 Odour Present (light) Nil
4 pH NA 6.5 to 8
5 TSS NA <30 mg/l
6 Oil and
grease
NA <10 mg/l
7 BOD NA <30 mg/ltr
8 COD NA 150 mg/ltr

33. *Improved water quality
*Removal of contaminants
*Cost-saving in the long run
*Environmentally friendly
*No shortage of water
*Avoid losing water during a crisis
*Improve taste and water clarity