Historical Foundation of Philippine Curriculum:the contribution of the Philippine Presidents to the curricular reforms. It includes changes from 3rd Republic, New Society until the present times.

1. Historical Foundation
of
Curriculum
By
Karl S. Olimpo

2. President’s Contribution
In Philippine Education

3. Educational Aims
during Republic
1. Democracy is predicted upon the inner worth of the
individual
2. Realize capacities best in social contract
3. Society is not separated from the individual
4. Democracy Strive on change

4. Legal Mandates
• Board of Textbooks was created in accordance to R.A 139
• Civil Service Eligibility for Teachers R.A 1079
• Board of National Education was formulated to direct
Philippine Education
• The life, works and writing of Rizal shall be included in all
levels
• Elementary education was nationalized
• Promote the socio economic status of the public school
teachers;
1. Recruitment qualification
2.Code of professional conduct for teachers
3. Health Benefits for Teachers

5. 3rd Republic’s Highlight
1. The pervading Philosophy of education was democratic.
2. The school were tasked to provide the proper climate which
would bring about the full climate which would bring about
the full realization of this democratic ideal
3. Promoting nationalism and patriotism
4. Used vernacular as medium of instruction in Grades I & 2
and English as a subject in Grade 3
5. In 1947, by virtue of Executive Order No. 94, the
Department of Instruction was changed to the to
"Department of Education.

6. Manuel A. Roxas
1. Rehabilitation of the school system
2. Concept of academic Freedom
3. Reorganized the university in the Philippines
4. Educational practices of moral character, the quality of
person that guides his thinking behavior and relationship
with others.
1st President of Third Republic (1946-1948)

7. Elpidio R.
Quirino2nd President of 3rd Republic (1948-
1953)
1. Stressed social orientation as by conservation of
Filipino
2. Religious instruction in the public schools.
3. Promoting democratic nation building.
4. Educational practices in personal discipline
an inner force that inhibits a person from doing what
is right to welfare as well as to welfare of others.

8. Ramon F. Magsaysay
3rd President of 3rd
Republic (1953-1957)
RA 896 or The elementary education act of 1953
Provided that parents are under obligation to that
parents are under obligation to send their children to
school upon reaching the age of seven until they
finished elementary.
He meet the demand for public school teacher.

9. Carlos P. Garcia
1. Focused in promotion of Filipino Ideals
2. Policies were guild toward nationalism
3. Non Formal Education and Vocational Training come into
existence
4th President of 3rd Republic (1957-1961

10. 5th President of 3rd Republic (1961-196
Diosdado P. Macapagal
1. Creation of scholarship in the arts, science and letter for
special gifted citizen.
2. Shifting of morning and afternoon classes.
3. Development of the society’s cultural identity.

11. Emphasis of New Society
1. Focuses on moral values, relevance. proper method of
teaching,
retraining of teachers, vocational and technical
education, bilingualism, national consciousness and
cultural values.
2. Pres. Marcos pursuant to Proclamation num. 1081
issued last Sept. 29, 1972, Decree No. 6 known as the
Educational Developmental Decree of 1972

12. Educational Programs under
New Society
1. Project IMPACT (Instructional Management
by Parents, Community and Teachers)
2. ISOSA _ In school-Off school approach
3. CPS Continues Progression Scheme
4. PRODED Program for Decentralized Educational
Development
5. NCEE National College Entrance Exam
6. NEAT National Elementary Assessment Test
for Grade VI

13. • PD No. 1 Integrated Reorganizational Plan
• National College Entrance Exam
• Tertiary Honor Student are granted Civil
Service Eligibility
• Professional Board Examination for Teacher
(PBET)

14. Ferdinand E. Marcos
( New Society) Second Dictatorship
President of the fourth Republic (1965 – 19
“ True progress is not and should not be confined
to the satisfaction of the material needs of man. It
must extend to the development of his mind as well
as the fulfillment of his spirit. It must fill him with
knowledge and wisdom and it must enrich the
quality of human life”

15. • 1. In 1972, the Department of Education became
Department of Education and Culture by
Proclamation 1081
• 2. The 1973 Constitution set out the three
fundamental aims of education in the Philippines,
to:
• foster love of country;
• teach the duties of citizenship; and
• develop moral character, self discipline, and
scientific, technological and vocational efficiency.

16. 3. Revised secondary education program--changed the 40
minutes allotment to 3 hour 3 times a week.
4. YDT and CAT were introduce as new courses
5. Bilingual system in the Philippine school
6. develop moral character, self discipline, and scientific,
technological and vocational efficiency.
7. the establishment of science education system,
accelerated manpower skills training to respond to
regional industrial needs
8. regional agricultural education programs
9. the National College Entrance Examination which
classifies students by profession or vocation;

17. 10. “Study Now, Pay Later” plan which is intended to
help poor but deserving students
11. Pursuant to the Ten Year Educational Program,
curriculum were revised in “almost all levels of the
school system in order to improve content and
effectiveness of instruction as well as to conform to
new educational goals more directly related to
national development goals.
12. Presidential Decree No. 932 or the Educational
Assistance Act providing loans to poor but deserving
students.

18. Educational Developmental
Decree of 1972
(a) Management study of the Department of Education and Culture and
institution of administrative improvements therein;
(b) Establishment and/or operation or improvement of secondary
schools which may include provision for extension services, facilities
and equipment to allow the use of expanded and improved curriculum;
(c) Establishment and/or operation, upgrading or improvement of
technical institutes, skills training centers, and other non-formal
training programs and projects for the out-of-school youth and the
unemployed in collaboration with the programs of the National
Manpower and Youth Council;

19. (d) Curriculum and staff development including mathematics and
science teaching;
(e) Expansion of agricultural secondary and higher education programs
and extension activities which may include radio broadcasting and
rural training services, and the provision of facilities therefore
including seed capital and revolving funds;
(f) Design, utilization and improvement of instructional technology and
development/production of textbooks and other instructional
materials; and
(g) Assistance and incentives, including loans and grants, toward the
planned development and improvement of programs and facilities in
both public and private universities, colleges and schools.
Educational
Developmental
Decree of 1972

20. Corazon C. Aquino
1st President of 5th Republic (1986-1992
1. In 1987 by virtue of In 1987 by virtue of Executive Order
No.117117, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports,
became the, became the Department of Education, Culture
and Sports.
2. Free Public Education in Elementary and High school.
3. R.A 6728R.A 6728 Act providing Government Act
providing Government Assistance to Students and
Teachers in Assistance to Private education.

21. 4. On 3 February 1992, Congress Act Republic Act
73237323, which provided that students aged 15 to
25, which provided that students aged 15 to 25 may be
employed during summer or Christmas vacation with
a salary not lower than the minimum wage. 60% of
the wage is to be paid by employer and 40% by the
government and 40% by the government.
5. Educational program of physical education and sports
school.

22. Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
14th President of Philippine (2001-2010
1. Restoring English as Medium of Instruction
To prepare the succeeding generations to be globally
competitive, the President has directed DepEd to adopt
measures that would reverse reported declines in English
literacy among Filipinos.
2. Implementing the Basic Education Curriculum
(BEC)

23. • Another priority area is the upgrading of the teaching
of Mathematics and Science in basic education to
prepare the youth to be the next generation of
knowledge workers.
• The revised BEC has been implemented since June
2002 and now focuses on the five learning areas of
English, Science, Math, Filipino and Makabayan
from the previous eight per Grade/ Year level.

24. • The teaching of science has been given an extended
time allotment from 300 minutes to 400 minutes each
week to promote the culture of science among
students. The number of hours of Mathematics
laboratory has likewise been increased.
• About 600,000 teachers from both private and public
schools have been trained on the new curriculum. A
linear, sequential approach in teaching math is being
adopted by secondary school teachers to facilitate
mastery of basic math principles.

25. Launching the Internet-based
Education Program
In support of the national effort to empower
and prepare the youth for the Information Age,
the ed. venture program has already built 15
fully equipped, Internet-connected and fully
air-conditioned computer laboratories in public
schools nationwide.

26. Benigno Simeon C. Aquino
III
15th President of Philippine (2010 - Pres
1
1. Republic Act 10533 or the Enhanced Basic
Education Act of 2013, which institutionalizes the
Kindergarten (K) to 12 program. The law adds two
years to basic education: six years of primary education
(Grades 1 to 6), four years of junior high school
(Grades 7 to 10), and two years of senior high school
(Grades 11 to 12).

27. In line with the K to 12 program, which aims to
prepare high school graduates for employment,
Aquino is also re-introducing technical-vocational
education in public high schools, making students,
who cannot afford to pay for college education, ready
for work after graduation.