The document summarizes the key differences between Romanesque and Gothic architecture. It notes that Romanesque architecture used rounded arches and barrel vaults, producing a dark interior space. Gothic architecture introduced pointed arches, flying buttresses, and large stained-glass windows, allowing for taller, lighter structures with soaring vaulted ceilings. Examples provided include the Romanesque Church of St. Sernin and the Gothic Chartres Cathedral and Amiens Cathedral in France. The document also outlines the progression of Gothic styles in both England and France over time.

1. Gothic Architecture
Art Appreciation – ART1204
Professor Will Adams

2. BYZANTINE ROMANESQUE GOTHIC
ART Mosaics, icons Reliefs, stylized
sculpture
Stained glass,
more natural
sculpture
ARCHITECTURE Central-dome
Church
Barrel-vaulted
Church
Pointed Arch
Cathedral
EXAMPLE Hagia Sophia St. Sernin Chartres
DATE 532-537 Begun 1080 1194-1260
PLACE Constantinople Toulose, France Chartres,
France
Differences In Style

3. Romanesque Gothic
Radiating
chapels and apse:
Separate
compartments.
Unified, unbroken
space.
Vault: Mostly barrel-vaults,
some groin-vaults.
Groin-vaulted
cathedrals.
Arch type: Rounded arches. Pointed arches.
Main vault
support:
Thick walls,
buttresses.
Exterior flying
buttresses.
Clerestory: Small windows. Large stained-glass
windows.
Differences In Design

4. Elevation: Horizontal, modest
height.
Vertical, soaring.
Exterior: Plain, little decoration,
solid.
Ornate, delicate,
lots of sculpture.
Sculptural
decoration:
Thin, elongated, abstract
figures.
More realistic
proportions and
individualized
features.
Mood: Dark, gloomy. Tall, light-filled.
Example: St. Sernin, Toulouse,
France.
Chartres Cathedral,
France.
Romanesque Gothic
Differences In Look

5. Church of St. Sernin
1070-1120
ROMANESQUE
Amiens Cathedral, 1220-1236
HIGH FRENCH GOTHIC
Tallest and Largest
cathedral in France
Differences In Layout

6. Church of St. Sernin
1070-1120
ROMANESQUE
Amiens Cathedral,
1220-1236
HIGH FRENCH GOTHIC
Differences In Floorplans

7. Church of St. Sernin, 1070-1120
ROMANESQUE
Amiens Cathedral, 1220-1236
HIGH FRENCH GOTHIC
Differences In Facades

8. Church of St. Sernin
1070-1120
ROMANESQUE
Amiens Cathedral,
1220-1236
HIGH FRENCH GOTHIC
Differences in Buttressing

9. Church of St. Sernin, 1070-1120
ROMANESQUE
Amiens Cathedral, 1220-1236
HIGH FRENCH GOTHIC
Differences In Fenestration

10. Church of St. Sernin, 1070-1120
ROMANESQUE
Amiens Cathedral, 1220-1236
HIGH FRENCH GOTHIC
Differences In Naves

11. From the TYMPANUM of
Church of St. Sernin, 1070-1120
From the TYMPANUM of
Amiens Cathedral, 1220-1236
Differences In Tympanums

12. From the TYMPANUM of
Church of St. Sernin, 1070-1120
From the TYMPANUM of
Amiens Cathedral, 1220-1236
Differences In Sculpture

13. Typical
Gothic
Cross-
Section

14. Cologne
Cathedral
1248-1880
2nd largest
Gothic Cathedral
in the World
Cologne Cathedral

15. Heights of Famous Buildings
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Feet 481 515 986 1250 1368 2717
Khufu's
Pyramid
Cologne
Cathedral
Eiffel Tower
(Paris)
Empire State
Bldg (NYC)
World Trade
Center (NYC)
Burj Khalifa
(Dubai)
Building Height Comparison

16. ENGLISH
‘Early English' Period
(1175-1250)
‘Decorated' Period
(1250-1300)
‘Perpendicular' Period
(1350-1400)
FRENCH
Early Gothic (1130-1190)
High Gothic (1190–1240)
Rayonnant Gothic (1240–
1350)
Late Gothic or the
Flamboyant style (1350–
1520)
Various Gothic Styles

17. Abbey Church of St. Denis
Begun 1136-1140
by Abbot Suger
EARLY FRENCH GOTHIC
Early French Gothic

18. Chartres Cathedral
Reims Cathedral
Amiens Cathedral
Notre Dame
Cathedral
Much of the 1200s
Tall Cathedrals
that focused on
artistic imagery as
well as height
High French Gothic

19. Emphasis on more light and
windows
St. Chapelle in Paris
Rayonnant French Gothic

20. Late Gothic
or
FLAMBOYANT
style
Very dramatic
s-curved or
flame tracery
Flamboyant French Gothic

21. ‘Early English' Period
(1175-1250)
Wells Cathedral,
below, became
Britain's first all-
pointed and all-
Gothic cathedral
when it was rebuilt
in 1175. It is
considered one of
the most beautiful of
Britain's cathedrals,
and one of the most
influential as well.
Its style became the
template of the new
trend in British
cathedrals.
Early English Gothic

22. Wells Cathedral
ENGLISH GOTHIC
Amiens Cathedral
FRENCH GOTHIC
Comparing English & French
Gothic

23. Gloucester Cathedral
ENGLISH PERPENDICULAR GOTHIC
Chartres Cathedral
HIGH FRENCH GOTHIC
Comparing English & French
Gothic

24. Canterbury Cathedral
EARLY ENGLISH GOTHIC
Notre Dame Cathedral
HIGH FRENCH GOTHIC
Comparing English & French
Gothic

25. ‘Decorated' Period
(1250-1300)
The main characteristic of
this era is the ‘bar tracery'.
Here, designs in masonry
ranging from the simple
to the flamboyant, are set
on to windows. The result
is that the stonework
supports of the building
can become lighter.
Lincoln Cathedral,
England
English decorated gothic

26. English decorated gothic

27. ‘Perpendicular' Period
(1350-1400)
This style of Gothic
architecture in England is
referred to as ‘Perpendicular'
because of its stark, rigid
exterior lines.
There are elements of an
Egyptian influence due to the
frequent visits many English
merchants, artists, and
pilgrims were making to the
east.
Gloucester Cathedral,
England
English Perpendicular Gothic

28. ‘Perpendicular' Period
(1350-1400)
New vaulting techniques came
into use that were more
decorative in nature; some of
these were the net vault of
Gloucester Cathedral pictured
below.
The Perpendicular stage in
Gothic became the standard
for cathedral building for
nearly two hundred years, or
until the Reformation.
Gloucester Cathedral,
England
English Perpendicular Gothic

29. Do you recognize the interior of Gloucester Cathedral?
English Perpendicular Gothic

30. At Gloucester Cathedral (the modern film set for Harry Potter’s school,
Hogwarts) creative masons create Perpendicular architecture and the
elaborate and imaginative beauties of fan vaulting
English Perpendicular Gothic

31. Westminster Abbey
(Collegiate Church of St
Peter, Westminster)
1245-1517
It is the traditional place
of coronation and burial
site for English
monarchs.
ENGLISH PERPENDICULAR
GOTHIC
English Perpendicular Gothic

32. English Perpendicular Gothic

33. The End