Basics of network analysis Need of soft wares in design of water distribution network Capabilities of soft wares Different soft wares used in design of water distribution network

1. Mr. Mota Manoj H.
SITCOE, Yadrav

2.  Basics of network analysis
 Need of soft wares in design of water distribution
network
 Capabilities of soft wares
 Different soft wares used in design of water
distribution network

3.  Water distribution systems are designed to
adequately satisfy the water requirement. The
performance of a distribution system can be judged
on the basis of pressure available on the system for a
specific rate of flow. The distribution system
consists of a network of pipes with appurtenances.
 Pipes can be placed either parallel or in series.

4. Analysis of pressure in distribution
system….
 Equivalent pipe method
 Hardy cross method
 Method of section and circle method
 Graphical method
 Newton-Rapson method

5.  Basics rules of network analysis
 The flow entering in a junction or network must be
equal to the flow leaving the same.
 The algebraic sum of the pressure drops around a
closed loop must be zero i.e. there can be no
discontinuity in pressure.
Remember…..
 When the pipes are connected in series, the total
head loss is equal to the summation of the
individual head losses.
 When the pipes are laid parallel the head loss
through the parallel pipes(or set of pipes) will be
the same.

6.  Analysis of network of pipes is very complicated.
 The work is very tedious and time consuming.
 Very difficult to model manually.
 As size (i.e. no of pipes) increases the difficulty level
increases exponentially.
 Incorporate the things like change in elevation is
almost impossible.
 Modeling of the real life situations like fluctuation
in demand with respect to time and its impact is
difficult to evaluate.

7. Hydraulic Modeling Capabilities
 Places no limit on the size of the network that can
be analyzed
 Computes friction headloss using the hazen-
williams, darcy-
 Weisbach, or chezy-manning formulas
 Includes minor head losses for bends, fittings, etc.
 Models constant or variable speed pumps
 Computes pumping energy and cost

8.  Models various types of valves including shutoff,
check, pressure regulating and flow control valves
 Allows storage tanks to have any shape (i.e.,
Diameter can vary with Height)
 Considers multiple demand categories at nodes,
each with its own
 Pattern of time variation
 Can base system operation on both simple tank
level or timer controls and on complex rule-based
controls.

9. Water Quality Modeling Capabilities
 Models the movement of a non-reactive tracer
material through the network over time
 Models the movement and fate of a reactive
material as it grows (e.g., A disinfection by-product)
or decays (e.g. Chlorine residual) with time
 Models the age of water throughout a network
 Tracks the percent of flow from a given node
reaching all other nodes over time
 Models reactions both in the bulk flow and at the
pipe wall
 Uses nth order kinetics to model reactions in the
bulk flow
 Allows for time-varying concentration or mass
inputs at any location in the network

10. By employing these features, soft-wares can study
such water quality phenomena as:
 Blending water from different sources
 Age of water throughout a system
 Loss of chlorine residuals
 Growth of disinfection by-products
 Tracking contaminant propagation events.

11.  Number of softwares are available for the design
and modeling of water distribution networks
including public domain softwares like EPANET,
Branch, and LOOP as well as commercial softwares
like Aquis, H2O map, KYPipe, WaterCAD,
WaterGEMS, etc.

12.  WaterCAD V8i (2014) is a hydraulic modeling
software package comprised of wide range of
functionality includes graphical and profiling
advancements, flexibility in data archiving and
representations, advancements in GUI (Graphical User
Interface) and its customization, etc.
 Many features like hydraulic and water quality
analysis, steady state and extended period simulations
are also made to function with enhanced capabilities,
strong data management along with AutoCAD and
GIS integrations.
 WaterCAD V8i is easy to use and versatile water
distribution as well as quality modeling software
packages accepted for variety of applications

13.  WaterGEMS V8i (2014) is a versatile hydraulic
modeling software package with the advancements in
the interoperability, optimization of networks; model
building supported with geospatial tools and asset
management tools. WaterGEMS V8i is highly efficient
and dynamic modeling software which provides the
wide regime of analysis and solutions for fire-flow
analysis, water quality modeling, energy and capital cost
management, etc.
 The best part in the WaterGEMS V8i is the presentation
of obtained results which is very attractive and
appealing and can be presented with variety of graphical
tools include ArcMap visualization, thematic mapping,
contouring, profiling with color coding and symbology.

14.  Branch (2014) is public domain optimization
software in which program is developed to design
the branched water distribution networks. Branch
software takes certain parameters like elevation
data, pipe lengths, coefficient of friction and
demand of nodes as inputs over the cost as
function. The output is optimized length and
diameters of pipes so that overall cost of network is
the least one

15.  DisNet (2014) is powerful and efficient water
distribution software and offers great simplicity in
building water distribution networks. Key strengths
of DisNet include its simplicity and appealing user
interface with maximum accuracy in output with
optimum input details. Along with design of water
distribution, DisNet is used in the modeling of
stream hydrology, generation of unit hydrographs
and establishing interrelationships between them.
DisNet is integrated with CAD as its inbuilt
management tool and used in modeling different
types of water distributions networks for different
topographical conditions

16.  EPANET (2014) is public domain software which
can be efficiently used to design any sort of
network. It provides variety of advantages like water
quality analysis, extended period simulation,
residual chlorine calculations for disinfection, etc. It
can also be used to renovate or restore the existing
water supply systems. It is available as public
domain softwares with the relative nomenclature as
EPANET 2.0.

17.  HydrauliCAD (2014) is AutoCAD based water
distribution software integrated with EPANET
hydraulic analysis program. Fundamental
understanding serves the purpose of building
hydraulic model with it. HydrauliCAD possesses a
feature of building query for addition and editing of
different hydraulic parameters like head-loss,
pressure, flow of distribution networks.
HydrauliCAD provides inbuilt pipe catalogue
comprises of detailed information about pipe
material, classes and sizes. Along with water
distribution HydrauliCAD is also used for fire-flow
analysis.

18.  WATSYS (2014) is water distribution simulation and
modeling software based on Geographical
Information System (GIS).
 Synergi Water (2014) is hydraulic modeling and
simulation software package with the strong
database management used for increasing the
efficiency of existing distribution network as well as
in the design and development of the newer one.
 H2Onet and H2Omap (2015) are commercial
softwares which are integrated with the GIS and
used for design, analysis and optimization of
different types of water distribution networks

19.  www.bentley.com
 Nitin P. Sonaje, Mandar G. Joshi, “Review of
modeling and application of water distribution
networks (WDN) softwares”, Nitin P. Sonaje,
Mandar G.” International Journal of Technical
Research and Applications, Volume 3, Issue-5
(September-October 2015), PP. 174-178