This presentation discusses antimicrobial finishes for textiles. Microbes like bacteria and fungi can grow on fabrics and cause odor, staining, and quality deterioration. Antimicrobial treatment prevents microbial growth. Methods include using antimicrobial fibers or post-treating fabrics. Common agents are quaternary ammonium compounds which are applied during pretreatment or finishing. Testing verifies the effectiveness of treatments against microbes using agar diffusion, challenge, and other standard tests. Antimicrobial textiles are important for hygiene in applications like socks, sportswear, and linens.

1. A PRESENTATION ON:
A Presentation By:
MD. Mezbaul (130103015)
Email: tonmoy.te@hotmail.com

2. MICROBES
• Microbes are the tiniest creatures
not seen by the naked eye. They
include a variety of micro
organisms like bacteria, fungi,
algae and viruses. Bacteria are
unicellular organisms, which grow
very rapidly under warmth and
moisture.

3. ANTIMICROBIAL FINISH FOR TEXTILE
In the present day world most of us are very conscious about our hygiene and
cleanliness. Clothing and textile materials are not only the carriers of
microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria, odour generating bacteria and mould
fungi, but also good media for the growth of the microorganisms. To prevent such
problem textile treated with Bio shield AM 500 .
This process is known as antimicrobial finish for textile.

4. MICROBIAL ATTACK
Strength reduction
Contamination
risk
Quality loss
DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL TEXTILES
The microbial attack on textiles results in:
Odor
formation
Detrimental
effects on the
consumer
Detrimental
effects on the
fabric itself

5. NECESSITY OF ANTIMICROBIAL FINISHES
Antimicrobial treatment for textile materials is necessary to fulfill the following
objectives:
• To avoid cross infection by pathogenic micro organisms.
• To control the infestation by microbes.
• To arrest metabolism in microbes in order to reduce the formation odour.
• To safeguard the textile products from staining, discolouration and quality deterioration.

6. REQUIREMENTS FOR ANTIMICROBIAL FINISH
• Durability to washing, dry-cleaning and hot pressing.
• Selective activity to undesirable micro organisms.
• Should not produce harmful effects to the manufacturer, user and the
environment.
• Effective control of bacteria, molds and fungi
• Compatibility with the chemical processes.
• Easy method of application. No deterioration of fabric quality.
• Resistant to body fluids; and resistant to disinfections/sterilisation.

7. ANTIMICROBIAL TEXTILES FABRICATION
METHODS
The methods of fabrication of antimicrobial textiles can be classified in two principal
categories:
Fabrics with antimicrobial post-treatment
Fabrics with antimicrobial fibers .

8. Commercial Antimicrobial Textile Products
ANTIMICROBIAL FIBERS
Commercial Name Company
RHOVILAS  RHOVYL
AMICOR  COURTAULDS
AMICOR PLUS  COURTAULDS
SILFRESH  NOVACETA
MICROSAFE AM  HOECHST-CELANESE
BACTEKILLER  KANEBO
LIVERFRESH N  KANEBO
LIVERFRESH A  KANEBO
LUFNEN VA  KANEBO
SA 30  KURARAY
BOLFUR  UNITIKA
FV 4503  AZOTA-LENZING
CHITOPOLY  FUJI-SPINNING
THUNDERON  NIHO SANMO DYING
ANTIMICROBIAL TEXTILE FINISHES
Commercial Name Company
AEGIS  DEVAN
VANTOCIL IB  ZENECA
ACTICIDE  THEOR
KATHON  ROHM ET HAAS
PREVENTOL  BAYER
BIO-PRUF  MORTON
SANIGARD  SANDOZ-SANITIZED
ANTIMICROBIAL FIBER FINISHES
Commercial Name Company
AEGIS  DEVAN
EOSY  UNITIKA
EASOF  UNITIKA
UNIFRESHER  UNITIKA
BIOSIL B 89  TOYOBO
BIOCHITON  ASAHI CHEM. IND.
BIO-PRUF  MORTON

9. DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL TEXTILES
Hosiery
4% Socks
21%
Sportswear
30%
Shoes
lining
17%
Lingerie
19%
Men's
underwear
2%
Others
7%
WEST EUROPE - 2000
Hosiery
1% Socks
25%
Sportswea
18%
Shoes
lining
9%
Lingerie
11%
Men's
underwear
9%
Others
27%
Fabrics with antimicrobial post-treatment
26.5 ktons
Fabrics with antimicrobial fibers
4.5 ktons

10. ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
• Antimicrobials are defined as the agents that either kill microorganisms or simply
inhibit their growth.
The degree of activity is denoted by:
• «-cidal»: agent that kill microorganisms
• «-static»: agents that inhibits microorganisms’ growth

11. ANTIMICROBIAL FINISH
• Pretreatment
1. The material is treated with 2g/l acetic acid at 70 0C for 15
minutes with water.
2. The liquor ratio is 1:20.
3. The material is given a cold wash for 5 minutes.
4. The pH is maintained at 7.
 CHEMICAL USED
Bio shield AM 500 which is an aqueous solution of silicon
quaternary ammonium salt.

12. ANTIMICROBIAL FINISH
• Finish Application
1. The pretreated cotton fabric is treated with bio shield AM 500 at
three different concentrations 1%, 2% and 3% respectively at room
temperature for 30 minutes with water.
2. The liquor ratio is 1:7.
3. The material is hydro dried for 5 minutes.
4. The pH is maintained at 6.
5. Finally the fabric samples are tested for antimicrobial activity as
per the standard test methods.

13. EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Various test procedures have been used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the antibacterial
activity. Some of the tests used are:
• Agar diffusion test.
• Challenge test (Quantitative).
• Soil burial test.
• Humidity chamber test.
• Fouling tests.

14. REFERENCE
1. "INTELLIGENT TEXTILE STRUCTURES - APPLICATION, PRODUCTION &
TESTING“
12-13/5/2005, Thessaloniki, Greece, Amphitheater of Thessaloniki Technology Park
2. http://www.indiantextilejournal.com/
3. http://www.technicaltextile.net/