This document provides an overview of animal husbandry and dairy farming. It discusses infrastructure requirements for cattle farming including shed size and design. It describes common cow breeds used in dairy farming such as Gir, Sahiwal, Kankrej, and Holstein Friesian and their milk yields. It covers maintaining cattle through proper feeding, nutrition, equipment needs and artificial insemination. It also outlines sources of financing, government schemes that provide subsidies and loans, and capital and operating costs.

1. ANIMAL
HUSBANDRY
1

2. Submitting to_
Dr. Pinakin Patel
professor
S.M.C. polytechnic
Submitting to_ Demonstrating by_
o Bariya Mayur (4011120015)
o Meghani Srushti (4011120016)
o Nayi Harsh (4011120017)
o Patat Mayank (4011120020)
o Patel Jay (4011120022)
o Vasava Chirag (4011120042)
2

3. 1. Introduction
2. Infrastructure
3. Cow breed
4. Maintain cattle
5. Equipment
6. Nutrition and feed management
7. Source of finance
8. Government scheme
9. Capital and working cost
10.Products and its selling cost
11.marketing
12.conclusion
Table Of
Contents
3

4. 01. Introduction
4

5. Animal husbandry
5
 The branch of agriculture that deal with the feeding,
caring and breeding of domestic animal.
 Cattle farming
 Poultry farming
 Fish farming
 Bee keeping
 Goat and sheep farming

6. What is animal
husbandry?
Animal husbandry refers to
livestock raising and selective
breeding.
It is the management and
care of animals in which the
genetic qualities and behavior
of animals are further
developed for profit.
A large number of farmers
depend upon animal husbandry
for their livelihood.
Dairy products from animals like
cows, buffaloes, goats, are rich
sources of protein.
Dairy farming is the agricultural
technique concerned with the long
term production of milk, which is
then processed to obtain dairy
products such as curd, cheese,
yoghurt, butter, cream, etc.
6

7. It provides livestock production
It is an indispensable part of the process of crop farming which significantly
contributes to the household food security and community nutrition
Animal husbandry provides some main products such as wool, skin, and mutton that
are obtained from the sheep
Milk is produced by cows, buffaloes, etc
It provides a means to curb poverty through a rise in the household income
Crop-farming is formed by an elemental part, the livestock production by
participating in poverty elevation via increased income
Importance of animal husbandry in India.
7

8. Start an animal husbandry business
by following these steps:
Get Animal
Husbandry
Business Insurance
Open a Business
Bank Account &
Credit Card
Plan your Animal
Husbandry Business
Register your
Animal Husbandry
Business for Taxes
Get the Necessary
Permits & Licenses
for your Animal
Husbandry Business
Define your
Animal
Husbandry
Business Brand
Create your
Animal
Husbandry
Business
Website
Set up your
Business Phone
System
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9. 02. Infrastructure
9
Cattle farming

10. Near local market for milk and
its product.
Avoid noise area.
Available feed and veterinary
hospital near locality.
Avoid unnecessary crowd.
Animal should be able to move
freely in shed.
When starting of cattle farm at
large scale , farmer must be
trained.
For building cattle shed, give
suitable environment to the cattle
Easily transport product to the
market.
Should be cleaned regularly
Avoid water logging land.
10

11. Item Length in meter( for 1 cow)
Manger 0.6
Standing place 1.5
Gutter 0.4
Feeding passage 1.2 m on both side
Milking place 1.2
Cattle
housing
11

12. infrastructure
Shed slope
20 to 30 %
Length between
Two pillar
17 ft.
Cattle shed area
500 sqft. For 10 cow
Open area on side floor
Cement concrete
Roof top
Metal sheet, cement
sheet
100 to 150 ft.
12

13. Cattle shed
Location:
30 to 40 meters.
Cement concrete, brick for
manger.
Width:
Foundation material:
According in the roofing
material and environment
Height:
Grow trees for
shadow
North-south direction
Fencing at all side
and height upto 3
to 4 feet. Use iron
pipes for fencing
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14. 14
03. Cow breeds

15. Breed characteristics of high yield dairy cows
 Attractive individuality with femininity, vigour, harmonious blending of
all parts, impressive style and carriage
 Animal should have wedge shaped appearance of the body
 It should have bright eyes with lean neck
 The udder should be well attached to the abdomen
 The skin of the udder should have a good network of blood
vesselsAll four quarters of the udder should be well demarcated with
well placed teats.
15

16. •This breed is also called as Bhadawari, Desan,
Gujarati, Kathiawari, Sorthi, and Surati.
•Originated in Gir forests of South Kathiawar in
Gujarat also found in Maharashtra and adjacent
Rajasthan.
•Basic colours of skin are white with dark red or
chocolate-brown patches or sometimes black or
purely red.
Milk yield ranges from 1200-1800 kgs per
lactation.
•This bread is known for its hardiness and disease
resistance
01.
Gircow
16

17. •Originated in Montgomery region.
•This breed otherwise known as Lola (loose
skin), Lambi Bar, Montgomery, Multani,
Teli.
•Best indigenous dairy breed.
•Reddish dun or pale red in colour,
sometimes flashed with white patches..
•The average milk yield of this breed is
between 1400 and 2500 kgs per lactation.
02.
Sahiwal
02.
Sahiwal
17

18. •It is also called as Wadad or Waged,
Wadhiar.
•Originated from Southeast Rann of Kutch
of Gujarat and adjoining Rajasthan
(Barmer and Jodhpur district).
•The gait of Kankrej is peculiar called as 1
¼ paces (sawai chal).
•Kankrej is valued for fast, powerful,
draught cattle. Useful in ploughing and
carting.
•The cows are good milkers, yielding
about 1400 kgs per lactation.
02.
Sahiwal
03.
Kankrej
18

19. •originated from the northern parts of
Netherlands, especially in the province of
Friesland.
•Largest dairy breed and ruggedly built is
shape and possess large udder.
•Breeds have typical marking of black and
white that make them easily
distinguishable.
•The average milk production of cow is
6000 to 7000 kgs per lactation.
02.
Sahiwal
04.
Holstein
Friesian
19

20. Insemination
20
 artificial insemination makes possible the mating of
animals with great variations in body size with no injury
to either of the animal.
 It is useful to inseminate the cows denying to stand or
accept the bulls at the time of oestrum. Useful in
maintaining the perfect breeding and calving records.
 There-are different methods :
1. speculum method
2. vaginal method
3. recto vaginal metho

21. Symptoms of heat in cattle
21
 The animal will be excited condition. The animal will be
in restlessness and nervousness.
 The animal will reduce the intake of feed.
 The animals which are in heat will lick other animals
and smelling other animals.
 The animals will try to mount other animals.
 Clear mucous discharge will be seen from the vulva,
sometimes it will be string like the mucous will be seen
stick to the near the pasts of vulva.
 Milk production will be slightly decreased.

22. 04. Maintanence of cattle
22

23. •Provision of readily accessible fresh water and nutritionally adequate food
as required.
•Provision of adequate ventilation and suitable environmental temperature
•Adequate freedom of movement and ability to stretch the body.
•Sufficient light for satisfactory inspection
•Rapid diagnosis and treatment of injuries and diseases
•Emergency provision in the event of breakdown of essential mechanical
equipment
•Flooring which neither harms nor causes undue stress
•The avoidance of unnecessary mutilation.
•Good stockmanship is the key factor in the welfare of all livestock.
23

24. 05. Equipments
24

25. There is three main
equipment are required
for dairy farming
Chaff cutter
Pressure washer
Milking machine
01
02
03
25

26. CHAFF CUTTER
It is a machine used for cutting fodder.
The fodder is fed into the machine and
then it is gripped between two toothed
rollers, which allow and pass it forward to
a shear plate, where it is chopped into
short lengths by rotating knives, mounted
on a heavy flywheel.
 Then chopped fodder will drop from the
machine.
26

27. PRESSURE WASHER
Used for cleaning Floors in
Dairy Farms and Farm Cleaning
of Animals with Different Mild
Pressurized water Spray Nozzle.
Water Servicing of Farm
Vehicles. Rust Proof Pump -
Stainless Steel body with heavy
casting.
27

28. MILKING MECHINE
Milking machine is used to extract milk from
dairy cattle.
Milking is done with the help of a motor. The
vacuum pump produces a suction that is
transmitted by a pipeline to the milking unit.
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29. 06. Nutrient and feed management
29

30. Nutrition management in cow:
Feeding a balanced diet
Avoid overfeeding
Providing abundant supplies of cool and clean water.
Lactation period 300 days, in this period give 28 kg/day feed
Cattle required five key nutrients:
1) Energy 2) protein 3) water 4) minerals 5) vitamins
30

31. • includes hay, straw, silage, compressed and pelleted
feeds, oils and mixed rations, and sprouted
grains and legumes.
• Roughage: These are rich in fiber; e.g., cowpea,
berseem, etc. They are coarse and fibrous
substances having low nutrient content. ...
• Concentrates: These are nutrient-rich and low on
fibers; e.g., oats, maize, etc. It is low in fibers but
contains relatively high proteins and other nutrients
31

32. Feed for
cattle
32

33. 07. Source of finance
33

34. Finance
• Detailed project studies will be required for dairy
schemes with high outlays. Capital asset purchases,
such as dairy cows, shed construction, and equipment
purchases, are examples of finance items. The cost of
feeding for the first one or two months is capitalized and
lent as a term loan.
• Subsidy: is 25% of investment.
• Loan : above 5 lakh to 10 lakh Rs. MCLR
2.90%(minimum interest rate)
34

35. Requirement
of capital cost
35
Rs.
Term loan 11,67,000 ₹
Own contribution 8,00,000 ₹
Total investment 19,67,000 ₹
Subsidy (25% of investment) 4,91,750 ₹

36. 08. Government scheme
36

37. Support to Dairy Cooperatives and Farmers Production Organisation
engaged in dairy activities (CS)
Dairy Processing & Infrastructure Development Fund (DIDF) (CS)
Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (CS)
National Animal Disease Control Programme (NADCP) (CS)
Livestock Health and Disease Control (LH & DC) scheme (CS)
National Livestock Mission(CSS)
Scheme
programme
37

38. •Government policy and support:
•The government should provide subsidies and minimum support prices (MSP) for
livestock farmers to relieve financial pressure and distress. Incentives and loans at
lower interest could be provided to farmers for establishment of livestock farms.
This will also prevent the farmers from unorganised money market and loan sharks.
Insurance for livestock should be provided to help the farmers financially in case of
something unexpected.
38

39. 09. Capital and working cost
39

40. Equipment : Chaff cutter =50,000 ₹
Milk cane=12,000 ₹ ( 4 cane)
Milking machine (2)= 2,30,000 ₹
Transport vehicle = 5,00,000 ₹
Othet cost = 2,00,000 ₹
250 ₹ per sqft.
500Sqft.(0.05 ha) =1,25,000 ₹
Capital cost
Cost of land :
Cost of cows :
Own land
80,000 ₹ per cow
10 cow = 8,00,000 ₹
Construction :
40

41. Working cost
41
Cost / year
Labour (2) 2,16,000 ₹
Medicine (10 cow) 10,000 ₹
Transport (10 Km) 1,00,000 ₹
Feed and nutrient(10 cow) 1,50,000 ₹
Power and water 1,00,000 ₹
Processing and packing cost 20,000 ₹
Other utility cost 50,000 ₹

42. 10. Products and its selling cost
42

43. Main product
Milk = 5 Gir =40 lit/day
5 Hf = 125 lit/ day, 37,500 lit /year
28 – 30 litre milk = 1 kg ghee
Average 300 kg ghee/ year
By product
dung 10 cow=100 kg /day ,
1800 kg/year manure (1.8 tons)
dung cake of 50 kg = 25pcs./day
9000 pcs./ year
Production
43

44. Product sell cost
Milk Ghee Dung cake
1 lit. =HF 50 ₹
for 6 fat.
1 kg. = Gir 1800 ₹
Total ghee 300
kg/year =
5,40,000 ₹
Dung cake =150
₹(5 piece)
Total 9000 pcs.
/year = ₹ 2,70,000
44
Total milk 37,500
lit/year =
18,75,000 ₹
Dung manure
Dung manure =
1.8 tons use in
forage farm

45. Financial
efficiency
45
Rs.
Require Capital cost 19,67,000 ₹
Working cost (year) 6,46,000 ₹
Total cost 26,13,000 ₹
Selling income (first year) 26,85,000₹
net profit (second year) 20,39,000 ₹
No profit for first year
Second year income =26,85,000 ₹- working cost
profit = 20,39,000 ₹

46. 11. marketing
46

47. 47
Introduction :
 In this process activities include moving the goods from the point of
production to the point of consumption.
 India has highest milk production in the world with annual production
capacity about 156 million metric tons along with more than 4.67% per
annual growth rate which contributes 5% to the national growth
domestic product.
 India’s dairy sector is expected to triple its production in next ten years
in view of expanding potential for export to the Europe and the west.
 there is tremendous scope for increasing the milk production to
scientific dairy farming.
 In the India dairy cooperatives play a significant role in the production
and marketing of a milk and milk product.

48. Who is the target market?
Target markets for animal
husbandry businesses vary
depending upon a number of factors.
When developing your business
plan, conduct thorough research to
identify local market needs.
Approach markets, restaurants,
and health food stores.
48

49. Milk marketing
channels :
49
1. Producer ~ consumer
2. Producer ~ halwai/ tea shop ~ consumer
3. Producer ~ milk vendor ~ consumer
4. Producer ~dairy co-operative ~milk plant ~
consumer
5. Producer ~ milk trader~processer~retailer~
consumer
6. Producer-Dairy Cooperatives-milk
transporter-processor-retailer-consumer

50. 50
Types of
marketing
Traditional
marketing
Modern
marketing
Direct
marketing
Contract
marketing
MBAR
marketing
Co-operatives
milk
marketing

51. Breed
Management
Feed
Intested marketing
Why dairy farm fail in india?
51

52. How can we improve animal husbandry?
There should be improvement of breeds, animal feed and
nutrition, health management, better breeding policy,
extension and training programme, rate of artificial
insemination and proper dissemination of knowledge
regarding livestock rearing among farmers.
52

53. 7 tips to start
successful animal
husbandry
53
1. Why ?
2. Training
3. Location
4. Financial arrangement
5. Induction of animal
6. marketing
7. Vision for future

54.  Animals that help in labor such as draught animals
are used in agricultural work.
 The waste generated from these animals can be
used as natural manure to maintain soil fertility.
 It is the best source of employment.
 Animals that provide milk can be raised and
managed with a good income to support a family.
 Agriculture waste can use as a feed for cattle in
such area where the production is high and there is
no facility to store.
54
HOW ANIMAL HUSBANDRY HELP TO
AGRICULTURE SECTOR

55. 12. Conclusion
55

56. CONCLUSION as quoted – “If the farmer is rich, then so
is the nation”, upliftment and development
of rural farmers will strengthen the
economy and reduce the margin of
income disparity among various sections
of the country. India boasts a massive
number of livestock population and
manpower, thus, increasing the farmers
income twofold is not impossible but
definitely an uphill struggle. “A farmer is a
magical machine who can convert the soil
into home or crop”. A proper collaboration
and harmony should exist between
ministry, private sector, and farmers to
tackle any grave situation
56

57. 57