Poultry management
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This document provides information on poultry farming and management. It discusses the main species of birds reared for economic benefits, including chickens, ducks, geese, quails and pigeons. It outlines the benefits of poultry farming such as low capital requirements and high returns. It also describes important considerations for poultry housing, drinking/feeding systems, chick quality, and brooding management. Finally, it discusses common poultry diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, as well as deficiency diseases, and provides treatment recommendations.
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Poultry management
- 1. STRATEGIC BRAND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT-VETERINARY
- 2. POULTRY … Species of birds reared for economic benefits. Chickens Ducks Geese Quails Pigeons Meat Eggs Feathers Fertilizers Biogas
- 3. Benefits of poultry farming Poultry farming does not require much capital It ensures high return of investment with a very short period of time Anyone even student & women can start the business along with their daily activities Huge demand of poultry products. It’s easy to market poultry products The maintenance cost of poultry farm structure is very minimum By following proper hygiene and care, diseases can be kept in controlled POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 4. POULTRY … Source of animal protein, employment & income Fig.: External structure
- 5. Fig.: Internal structure POULTRY … Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 6. Fig.: Digestive System POULTRY … Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 7. Poultry Farm Management Housing Face East-West Width 20-30 feet Length Any length depending on numbers of birds reared Height 8-10 feet Floor Concrete made Litter 3-4 inch depth Space 1 sq. m/bird in winter and 1.5 sq. m/bird in summer
- 8. Poultry Farm Management Drinker Round drinker 1 drinker/60 birds Nipple drinker 1 nipple drinker/10 birds Trough 2 cm/bird Feeder Pan Feeder 1 pan/40-50 birds Trough Feeder 4-5 cm/bird
- 10. Poultry Farm Management Quality of chicks Criteria of a good quality chicks: Chicks from uniform flocks Average weight of DOC should be 40 gm Dry & clean with clear & bright eyes Lack of deformities (legs, navel, eyes, beak) POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 11. Poultry Farm Management Brooding Brooding room should be preheated 24 hrs before placing birds (depending on season) The relative humidity of the room should be 60-70% For best start, water with GLUCOVET should be given as soon as placing the birds in brooding house. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 12. Poultry Farm Management POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Brooding observation Right brooding Lower temp. Higher temp. Fear
- 13. Poultry Farm Management POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Time after placement % of chicks with full crops 2 hours 75 8 hours >80 12 hours >85 24 hours >95 48 hours 100 Chicks start assessment (crop fill) If target crop fill is not achieved, then something preventing chicks from feeding and drinking and action must be taken to overcome the situation.
- 14. Poultry Farm Management POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Feeding & Drinking (BROILER) Starter 0-10 days (upto 14 days if target weight is not achieved) Grower 11-25 days Finisher 26 to slaughter
- 15. Poultry Farm Management POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income SOURCES OF DISEASES Feed Housing Wild birds PeopleInsects Hatchery Water Others poultry, livestock & pet Equipment & vehicles Rodents Litter
- 16. POULTRY … Source of animal protein, employment & income The threats for poultry farming are: Bacterial diseases Viral diseases Mycoplasmal diseases Fungal diseases Protozoal diseases Parasitic diseases Deficiency diseases
- 17. POULTRY … Source of animal protein, employment & income The most important bacterial diseases are: Salmonellosis Omphalitis Colibacillosis Fowl cholera Necrotic enteritis Infectious coryza
- 18. Salmonellosis Cause • Salmonella pullorum, Salmonella gallinarum Epidemiology • Egg borne disease • 1st 2-3 wks of age is more susceptible • Mortality upto 26% Clinical signs • Depressed, anorexia, Ruffled feather • White diarrhoea & soiled vent Post-mortem • Caeca enlarged & distended with hard dry necrotic materials • White necrotic foci in liver, lungs • Irregular, misshaped & pedunculated ova Treatment • Moxilin Plus/Ativet/Doxy-N Vet/Eraprim Vet • Acidifier Vet • Vita-ADE • Zis-Vet • Glucolyte Vet POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 19. Salmonellosis POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Soiled vent Cast in caeca Bronze liver Hmg in caeca Misshapened ova
- 20. Colibacillosis Cause E. coli Epidemiology • Egg borne disease • Young are more susceptible than adult Clinical signs • Dull, lethergic & unresponsive • Greenish diarrhoea Post-mortem • Pericarditis, perihepatitis, air sacculitis and peritonitis • Fibrin, yolk debris or milky fluid in the peritoneal cavity, in and around joints, and on the surfaces of multiple organs Treatment • Moxilin Plus/Doxy-N Vet/Eraprim Vet • Glucolyte Vet • Acidifier Vet • Vita-ADE, Zis-Vet POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 21. Colibacillosis POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Reddening & Tissue Edema Perihepatitis Perihepatitis
- 22. Fowl Cholera Cause Pasteurella multocida Epidemiology • Adults are more susceptible than young • Mortality upto 20% Clinical signs • Sudden death • Exudate may accumulate in conjunctival sac/sinus Post-mortem • Haemorrhage in heart, gizzard, abdominal fat • Enlarge & necrotic foci found in liver Treatment • Ativet/Eraprim Vet/Tetravet • A-Cold Vet/Bronchovet • Acidifier Vet • Vita-ADE, Zis-Vet POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 23. Fowl Cholera POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Enlarged liver Harmorrhage in heart
- 24. Necrotic Enteritis Cause Clostridium perfringens & their toxins Epidemiology • Birds of 2-5 weeks age are more susceptible Clinical signs • Severe depression • Reluctant to move, diarrhoea • Sudden death Post-mortem • Intestine becomes distended like a baloon • Huge haemorrhage and foul smelling brown fluid in the lumen of intestine • Swelling & congested liver • Darkening of breast muscle Treatment • Dirovet/Moxilin Plus Vet/Moxilin Vet DS • Acidifier Vet • Glucolyte, Zis-Vet, Ferovet POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 25. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Distended intestine Necrotic Enteritis
- 26. Mycoplasmosis Cause Mycoplasma gallisepticum Epidemiology • All age groups are susceptible • Affects severely in cold month • High level of dust & ammonia increase susceptibility Clinical signs • Coughing, sneezing • Ocular & nasal discharge Post-mortem • Catarrhal exudate in nasal passage, trachea, bronchi & air sac • Air sac becomes thickened & opaque Treatment • Tylovet+/Tylovet • Bronchovet/A-Cold Vet • Vita-ADE/Vitamix C POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 27. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Air saculitis Mycoplasmosis Congested lung
- 28. Coccidiosis Cause Eimeria spp. Epidemiology • Young bird are more susceptible • Immunosuppressive diseases such as IBD increases the susceptibility • High protein diet & vitamin A deficiency also increase the susceptibility Clinical signs • Poor weight gain & FCR • Bloody faeces Post-mortem • Caecum becomes distended • Clotted & unclotted blood in the caeca Treatment • Cocci-Off/Anticoc/SCZ • Vita-ADE, Ferovet, Vita-K, Zis-Vet POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 29. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Blood in caecaDistended caeca Coccidiosis
- 30. New Castle Disease Cause New castle disease virus, a paramyxovirus Epidemiology • Young bird are more susceptible • Mortality upto 100% Clinical signs • Increase respiration • Greenish diarrhoea • Edema around the eye & head • Leg paralysis Post-mortem • Haemorrhage in proventriculus, small intestine and caecal tonsil Treatment • Cipro-A Vet/Ativet/Eraprim Vet • Glucolyte Vet • Vita-ADE, Ferovet, Vita-K, Zis-Vet POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 31. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Haemorrhage in proventriculasCharacteristic death sign in ND New Castle Disease
- 32. Infectious Bursal Disease Cause IBD virus Epidemiology • 3-6 week age are susceptible • Mortality upto 30% Clinical signs • Depression • Vent picking • Diarrhoea/bloody faeces Post-mortem • Haemorrhage in thigh & pectoral muscle • Haemorrhage at the junction of proventriculus & gizzard and in the bursa • Swollen bursa & kidney Treatment • Cipro-A Vet/Ativet/Eraprim Vet/Moxilin Vet DS • Glucolyte Vet • Vita-ADE, Ferovet, Vita-K, Zis-Vet POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 33. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Haemorrhage in bursaHaemorrhage at the junction of prov. & gizzard Infectious Bursal Disease Swellen bursa
- 34. Ascites Cause Pulmonary hypertension Rapid growth & high metabolic rate Epidemiology • Oxygen deficiency • High energy diet • Low ambient temperature Clinical signs • Abdominal distension • Reluctant to move • Respiratory distress Post-mortem • Fluid accumulation in abdominal cavity • Right side cardiac enlargement Treatment • Dirovet/Moxilin Vet DS • Ammocure • E-Vet Plus/E-Vet • Diuretic • Restric the feed POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 35. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Accumulation of fluid in abdominal cavity Distended abdomen Ascites
- 36. Mycotoxicosis Cause Mycotoxins Epidemiology • Young are more susceptible than adult Clinical signs • Severe stunting, abnormal vocalization • Purple discoloration of leg, lameness & paralysis Post-mortem • Swollen liver, kidney, spleen • Pale & friable liver • Enlarged gall bladder filled with bile Treatment • Auritox Plus • E-Vet Plus • Moxilin Vet DS/Cipro-A Vet/Ativet/Eprapirm Vet POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 37. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Swollen kidneyPale & friable liver Mycotoxicosis
- 38. Sudden Death Syndrom Cause • Nutritional (unregulated feed intake, more CHO in feed, lack of Mg, B-complex & biotin etc.) • Stock density • Drug administration Epidemiology • Rapidly growing birds • Day 3 to 8-12 weeks of age • Highest mortality at day 9-22 days Clinical signs • Sudden death Post-mortem • Birds remains in good condition • Empty blood in the ventricle • Congested lung Treatment • Correction of feed • V-Plex Vet (B+C) • Vitamix WS POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income
- 39. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income DEFICIENCY DISEASES IN POULTRY
- 40. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income Diseases Cause Treatment Paralysis Vitamin B deficiency Vita-3/ V-Plex Vet (B+C) Rickets Calcium &/or Vitamin D CP-Vet &/or Vita-D Plus Vet Soft shell egg Calcium &/or Vitamin D CP-Vet &/or Vita-D Plus Vet Cage layer fatigue Calcium & Phosphorus CP-Vet & Vita-D Plus Vet Encephalomalacia Vitamn E E-Vet &/or E-Vet Plus DEFICIENCY DISEASES IN POULTRY
- 41. POULTRY Source of animal protein, employment & income THANK YOU