Animal behaviour innate behavior - a behavior that is pre-programmed into an organisms genes, no learning is required learned behavior - a behavior that is not pre-programmed into an organisms genes, learning this behavior is required. However, the ability to learn requires genes. social behavior - a behavior that includes the interaction between organisms. Can be learned or innate.

1. Animals Exhibit Behavior
• innate behavior - a behavior that is pre-
programmed into an organisms genes, no
learning is required
• learned behavior - a behavior that is not
pre-programmed into an organisms genes,
learning this behavior is required.
However, the ability to learn requires
genes.
• social behavior - a behavior that includes
the interaction between organisms. Can
be learned or innate.

2. Suckling
• Innate Behavior
• an innate
behavior where
mammals
receive milk
from their
mothers

3. Migration
• Innate Behavior.
• an innate
behavior where
organisms move
long distances
seasonally to
find food or
bread
• Immigration /
Emigration

4. Hibernation
• Innate Behavior
• an innate behavior where organisms sleep
through the winter to conserve energy
• This requires
storing food in
the den or
storing energy
as fat.
• Slow metabolism

5. Estivation
• Innate Behavior
• an innate behavior
where organisms
sleep through long
hot dry times to
conserve water and
energy

6. Circadian Rhythms
• Innate Behavior
• an innate
behavior where
organisms
remain fixed to
an internal clock.
• Some animals
are nocturnal.

7. Taxis
• Innate Behavior
• Moving towards something it needs to
survive.
• Phototaxis –
organisms
moving toward
the light.

8. Imprinting
• Learned Behavior or Innate Behavior?
• The first thing a newborn sees will be imprinted
as its “mother”.
• The chicks will follow the “mother” everywhere.
• Scientists can get
chicks to imprint
them as the
“mother”. The
chicks will follow
the scientist around.

9. Habituation
• Learned Behavior.
• The organism stops responding to a stimuli in
the environment.
• The bear will be naturally afraid of humans, but
when it gets food
near humans and
comes into
contact frequently
it is no longer
afraid.

10. Habituation
• Learned Behavior.
• The organism stops responding to a stimuli in
the environment.
• The chick sees a
shadow and dives
into the nest thinking
it is a raptor.
• Over time it learns
to ignore some
shadows because
they are harmless.

11. Operant Conditioning
• Learned Behavior.
• Associate an abnormal behavior with a reward
or consequence.
• Rat rings a bell and gets food when the green
light is lit.
• Rat gets
shocked when
the red light
is lit.

12. Classical Conditioning
• Learned
Behavior
• Pavlov’s
Dog
• Associate
an abnormal
stimulus
with a
normal
behavior.

13. Trial and Error
• Learned Behavior.
• The organism keeps
trying and failing until it
learns to do it right.

14. Courtship
• Social Behaviors
• Behaviors that animals do to impress a
mate.
• Male “Birds of Paradise” have many
feathers and dances to court a mate.

15. Territorial Defense
• Social Behavior.
• Animals will fight to keep other animals out of its
territory.
• This maintains the
food and mate
supply.
Male Siamese
fighting fish will
fight to the death.

16. Communication
• Social Behavior.
• Pheromones – chemical signals that can be
detected and used for communication.
• Ants leave a pheromone trail for other ants to
follow.
• Dancing – bees dance to tell other bees where
the good flowers are.
• Sounds – Animals will use sounds to warn of
danger, cry for a mother, or talk to each other.

17. • How do innate behavior patterns function
as adaptations for animals? Give some
examples in your answers.

18. • How are learned behaviors of greater
adaptive value than innate behaviors?
What is the value of learning?