The document discusses ancient Greek architecture, art, and civilization. It describes the three Greek architectural orders of Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian and some of the most important structures built in this classical style on the Athenian Acropolis, including the Parthenon, Erechtheion, and Athena Parthenos statue. It also mentions Greek pottery, sculpture, and the development of art from the Archaic to Classical periods depicting humans in a increasingly realistic and natural style.

1. ANCIENT GREEK
CIVILIZATION & ART

2. Architecture of Ancient
Greece
• Greek life was dominated by religion and so it is not surprising that
the temples of ancient Greece built to honor their gods were the
biggest and most beautiful. They also had a political purpose as
they were often built to celebrate civic power and pride, or to offer
thanksgiving to the patron deity of a city for success in war

3. Greek Orders
• The Greeks developed three architectural systems,
called orders, each with their own distinctive
proportions and detailing. The Greek orders are: Doric,
Ionic, and Corinthian.
Doric style Ionic style Corinthian style

4. The Acropolis
• Acropolis is a Greek word meaning 'high city'.
• The Athenian Acropolis rises from the plain of Attica to 500 feet above
sea level
• In times of attack the Acropolis became the last fort of defense.
• The Acropolis hill, so called the "Sacred Rock" of Athens, is the most
important site of the city.
• The Acropolis contains some of the world's most famous structures built
in the classical architectural style.

5. ERECHTHEION
The Erechtheion or Erechtheum (/ɪˈrɛkθiəm, ˌɛrɪkˈθiːəm/; Ancient Greek: Ἐρέχθειον,
Moder Greek: Ερέχθειο) is an ancient Greek temple on the north side of the Acropolis
of Athens in Greece which was dedicated to both Athena and Poseidon

7. PARTHENON
The Parthenon is a former temple, on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated
to the goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their patron.
Construction began in 447 BC when the Athenian Empire was at the peak of its
power.
It had eight Doric columns in the front area
and 17 columns on the long sides, each 10.43
meters high, and with a base diameter of
1.905 meters.

9. ATHENA PARTHENOS
Athena Parthenos (Ancient Greek: "Athena the Virgin") is a lost massive
chryselephantine (gold and ivory) sculpture of the Greek goddess
Athena, made by Phidias and his assistants and housed in the Parthenon
in Athens. Its epithet was an essential character of the goddess herself. A
number of replicas and works inspired by it, both ancient and modern,
have been made.
It was the most renowned cult image of Athens , considered one of the
greatest achievements of the most acclaimed sculptor of ancient Greece.
Phidias began his work around 447 BC. Lachares removed the gold
sheets in 296 BC to pay his troops, and the bronze replacements for
them were probably gilded thereafter; it was damaged by a fire about
165 BC but repaired. It continued to stand in the Parthenon in the 5th
century AD, when it was removed by the Romans. An account mentions
it in Constantinople in the 10th century.

11. AMPHITHEATRE
An amphitheatre or amphitheater is an open-air venue used for
entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from
the ancient Greek, meaning "on both sides" or "around" and
"place for viewing".

13. Greek Pottery
• including more than one animal or
plant and eventually made way for
human figures. Some of these figures
included scenes of warfare. Soon
after, potters and painters began to
put mythological narration on the
pottery, including scenes from the
Iliad and other famous legends or
myths. These narratives began as
mainly violent in nature, but as they
progressed they became calmer and
involved other scenarios besides
warfare.

15. SCULPTURE OF ANCIENT GREECE
• The Greeks were blessed with a large supply of
marble, which was what they used most in their
sculptures. Bronze was also used in their artistic
work of humans.
• There are three main periods of Greek Sculpture
Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic

16. • The Archaic period was the earliest period in Greek Sculpture which started
around 600 B.C. and lasted until 480 B.C. These works have a stiff and ridged
appearance similar to that of the Egyptian sculpture.
•
• The second period, the Classical period, was between the Archaic and
Hellenistic times. The Classical period shows a very large shift from the stiff
Archaic to a more realistic and sometimes idealistic portrayal of the human
figure. Females, after the 5th century B.C., were depicted nude, often with
flowing robes. The robes gave the sculpture the idea of movement and realism
in an effort by the artist to show humans more naturally and realistically.
• The third period, the Hellenistic period, started a little before 300 B.C. To the
average person, it is more difficult to see the distinctions between the Classical
and Hellenistic period. Both periods did the majority of their sculpture as
nudes. The Greeks portrayed a young, vigorous, and athletic person in their
works. These works idealized the individual and in a way, attempted to
capture the idea of youth and strength in their design. The works reflect the
commonly held views of youth, strength, courage, and beauty which were
encouraged in the Greek City states.

18. DONE BY:
PRANAV SANJEEV
ROSHNI JOSEPH
AMRUTHA SAJU
DARVIN ABRAHAM
REUBAN ANTONY
ASTIL AUGUSTIN

19. THANK YOU