1. The document discusses various complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies including acupuncture, ayurveda, homeopathy, naturopathy, herbal therapies, aromatherapy, t'ai chi, massage, therapeutic touch, and reflexology. 2. It provides details on the origins, main concepts, treatment approaches, and indications of several therapies. For example, it explains that acupuncture balances energy flow to relieve pain and restore health, while ayurveda seeks to integrate body, mind and spirit through balancing doshas. 3. The document also discusses how various CAM therapies can be used to treat psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, and insomnia by promoting relaxation, managing stress, and

1. PREPARED BY
Mrs. Divya Pancholi
M.Sc. (Psychiatric Nursing)
Assistant Professor
SSRCN, Vapi

2. TERMINOLOGY
Conventional, science-based medicine, also known as allopathic
medicine,
The term alternative medicine has come to be recognized as
practices that differ from the usual traditional practices in the
treatment of disease. “Alternative” refers to an intervention that is
used instead of conventional treatment.
“Complementary therapy” is an intervention that is different from,
but used in conjunction with, traditional or conventional medical
treatment.

3. REASONS WHY PEOPLE SEEK CAM THERAPIES
Wanting greater control over their lives
Having a sense of responsibility for their own health care
Wanting a more holistic orientation in health care
Concern over the side effects of conventional therapies
Finding the results of conventional treatments to be
inadequate

4. CONTI…
A desire for cultural and philosophical congruence with personal
beliefs about health and illness
Dissatisfaction with conventional healthcare
Unwillingness to ‘grin and bear’ the effects of diseases
The rapid pace and ease of information sharing
Media contributing in consumer’s awareness of alternative
therapies
Growing evidence of effectiveness of alternative therapies

5. PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING ALTERNATIVE
HEALING
The body has the ability to heal itself.
Health and healing are related to the harmony of
mind, body and spirit.
Basic good health practices build the foundation
for healing.
Healing practices are individualized.
People are responsible for their own healing.

6. TYPES OF COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES
ALTERNATIVE MEDICAL
SYSTEMS
MIND BODY
INTERVENTIONS
BILOGICAL BASED
THERAPIES
MANIPULATIVE AND
BODY BASED METHODS
ENERGY THERAPIES
Acupuncture
Ayurveda
Homeopathy
Naturopathy
Meditation
Relaxation
Hypnosis
Art, music and
dance therapy
Prayer
Imagery
Biofeedback
Body-mind
Spiritual
interventions
Herbal
Therapies
Aromatherapy
Special diet
therapies
Mega doses of
vitamins or
minerals
Tai chi
Yoga
Massage
Therapeutic
touch
Reflexology
Electromagneti
c Therapy
Light Therapy

7. 1. ACUPUNCTURE
Started before 3000 BC in China.
MAIN CONCEPT:
 Based on the belief that health is determined by a balance of energy
flow or Qi, which puts one in harmony with the universe.
Disease occurs with an imbalance of these forces and manifests as
excesses or deficiencies of basic life energy in the particular organs.
If the energy balance is not restored, then physical changes occur and
disease becomes present in the body.

8. MECHANISM OF ACUPUNCTURE:
•Acupuncture helps correct and rebalance the energy flow
and consequently relieves pain and restores health.
•The needles draw energy away from organs with excess
and redirect it to organs with deficiencies.

9. INDICATION
Asthma
Dysmenorrhoea
Cervical pain
Insomnia
Nausea of pregnancy
Low back pain
Depression
Anxiety
Substance abuse
Daily headaches

10. BENEFITS OF ACCUPUNCTURE
Improvement of microcirculation
Relaxation of muscles
Release of endorphins, enkephalins, serotonin and
adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
Activation of B and T lymphocytes
Improvement in the complete blood cell

11. ORIGIN: In India before 4000 years ago.
AIM: To integrate and balance the body, mind and spirit. (Holistic)
MAIN CONCEPT:
Balance in body, mind and spirit is believed to have health but, if
any imbalance in body’s life force –lead to illness.
The balancing of these life force is determined by the equilibrium
of the 3 bodily qualities, called DOSHAS : VATA, PITTA, KUPHA
2. AYURVEDA

12. INDICATION
Depression
Bipolar mood disorder
Fears, Anxiety
Addiction
Schizophrenia

13. Treatment
Ayurveda seeks to remove root cause of mental illness in a holistic
way.
Ayurveda mental hospitals use PANCHKARMA to treat all kind of
mental illnesses.
Rx used like- nutrition, Herbal medicine, Aroma therapy, Lifestyle
recommendations, massage, colour/sound therapy, Panchakarma
(detoxification), Yoga, mediation, Rejuvenation therapies

14. Origin: Europe
It stimulates the body’s ability to heal itself by giving very small
dose of highly diluted substances that in larger doses could produce
illness/symptoms.
Remedies used in Homeopathy are derived from naturally
occurring substances such as plant extracts and minerals.
Extremely low concentrations are prepared in a specific way.
The more dilute the homeopathic medicine, the stronger it is
considered to be.
3. HOMEOPATHY

15. TREATMENT
Homeopaths also use treatment called NOSODES,
made from diseased or pathological products, such as
Faecal, urinary and respiratory discharges, blood and
tissue.
Homeopathic remedies prepared from healthy
specimens are called SARCODES.

16. Origin: In US -1900s.
Principle: Prevention and treatment of disease
through a healthy lifestyle, treatment of the whole
patient and use of the body’s natural healing abilities.
Finding the cause of a disease rather than merely
treating symptoms.
4. NATUROPATHY

17. TREATMENT
Nutrition: Includes the prescription of a
balanced, natural diet.
Fasting: Controlled abstinence from food. It
allows the body to concentrate its resources on
dealing with the disease rather than the process
of digestion.
Structural adjustment: To balance and
integrate the spine, muscles, ligaments and
joints of the whole body.
Hydrotherapy: Use of water, both internally &
externally in the form of baths, packs,
compresses & sprays.

18. ART: helps the patient express his thoughts, emotions and
feelings through his drawings.
MUSIC: It is systematic application of music in a therapeutic
environment to bring about desirable changes in behavior.
DANCE: It is a psychotherapeutic use of movement, which
furthers the emotional and physical integration of the individual.
5. ART, MUSIC & DANCE
THERAPY

19. Spiritual interventions focus on developing a sense
of meaning, purpose and hope for individuals in their
current life experience.
Spiritual interventions involve listening to the
person’s story and facilitating the person to connect
to god, a greater power, perhaps by using meditation
or prayer.
6. PRAYER & SPIRITUAL
HEALING

20. Oldest known form of healthcare, uses pants to treat disease and
promote health.
Herbal medicines are available as Extracts (Solutions obtained by
stepping or soaking a substance, usually in water), Tinctures
(usually alcohol based preparations, with alcohol acting as a natural
preservative), infusions (the most common method of internal
herbal preparation, usually referred to as a tea), pills, and powders,
even a moistened cloth applied to the skin can act as a herbal
remedy.
7. HERBAL THERAPIES

21. CONTI….
Nurses should become familiar with contraindications
and adverse effects.
Nurses should encourage patients to discuss with their
health care provider all natural remedies that they
ingest.
Some may potentiate the effects of psychotropic
medications, while others may block the effects.

22. Aromatherapy is
concerned with the
psychological and
pharmacological effects
of essential oils
introduced by means of
inhalation, olfaction
and dermal application.
8. AROMATHERAPY

23. Good nutrition can help with adaptation to the inevitable stresses
of life by promoting to the inevitable stresses of life by promoting a
healthy body and a feeling of well being.
Depression may be cause by an amino acid imbalance or vitamin
deficiency.
The B-vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids and folic acid are helpful for
regulating stress and balancing mood.
9. SPECIAL DIET THERAPIES

24. T’ai chi sometimes defined as ‘moving meditation’ is a
Chinese blend of exercise and energy work consisting of a
series of choreographed, continuous slow movements
performed with mental concentration and coordinated
breathing.
The purpose is to improve circulation, balance, flow of chi,
reduce stress and anxiety and restore energy and health.
Qi gong is a therapeutic Chinese practise that includes
gentle exercises for the breath, body, mind and voice.
10. T’AI CHI & QI GONG

25. It is a systematic and scientific manipulation of the soft tissue of the body.
Since 8000 BC.
BENEFITS
Decreased stress and anxiety,
Enhanced body mind connection for greater mental clarity,
Energy and performance,
Promotion of vitality,
Personal growth and emotional release.
11. MASSAGE

26. Delores Krieger coined the term ‘Therapeutic touch’.
It is a process by which practitioners believe that they can
transmit energy to a person who is ill or injured to potentiate
the healing process.
Based on the principle ‘laying on of hands’, which may involve
the healer passing hands over the body without actually
touching it, to detect energy imbalances and redirect them
through the energy of the therapist.
12. THERAPEUTIC TOUCH
(TT)

27. In India and China in 5000 BC.
Reflexology involves massaging specific areas of the hands or feet to relieve
stress or pain in the corresponding related area of the body.
Goal: To provide relaxation by removing tension in a zone area.
Pressure to specific parts of the feet, hands and ears can create physiologic
changes and promote overall well-being.
Foot reflexology can stimulate relaxation, which affects the autonomic
response, which in turn affects the endocrine and immune systems and
neuropeptides.
13. REFLEXOLOGY

29. Bioelectromagnetic therapy involves the use of magnetic fields in the
prevention and treatment of disease.
Magnetic field therapy uses two methods- static and pulsed.
The static method involves placing magnets in belts, shoe inserts and
mattresses for 2 to 24 hrs.
The pulse method involves using a machine to direct alternating
electromagnetic fields.
Nurse should caution patients with pacemakers, defibrillators on other
metallic parts in their bodies that they should avoid using magnets or
magnetic bodies
14. BIO ELECTROMAGNETIC
BASED THERAPIES

30. MAJOR PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS AND
RELATED CAM THERAPIES
ALCOHOL ABUSE
Acupuncture
Herbal therapy
Meditation
Yoga
ALZHEIMER’S DEMENTIA
Herbal therapy
Massage
Meditation

31. ANXIETY
Acupressure
Biofeedback
Breathing and relaxation
techniques
Guided imagery
healing/Therapeutic touch
Self-hypnosis
Massage
Meditation
ADHD
Biofeedback

32. DEPRESSION
Acupuncture
Biofeedback
healing/Therapeutic touch
Herbal therapy
Meditation
Transcranial magnetic
stimulation
INSOMNIA
Breathing and relaxation
techniques
Herbal therapy
Meditation

33. OBSESSIVE COMPLUSIVE
DISORDER
Acupuncture
Meditation
STRESS
Breathing and relaxation
exercises therapeutic
touch
Massage
Meditation

34. ROLE OF NURSE IN CAM
PRACTIONER
EDUCATOR
CO-ORDINATOR
ADVOCATE
LEADER