Complementary and Alternative Modalities is a treatment techniques whose goals are to evoke healing, taking into account the body-mind-spirit connection of every individual. it is a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practice and products that are not generally considered part of conventional medicine.
hot application in fundamental of nursing, include of definition,purpose,therapeutic effect,effect on physiology,and sencondery,procedure of appplying hot application on patient with the intervention
cold application in fundamental of nursing including of definition,purpose effect in physiology and secondary effect,therapeutic effect and procdure of applying cold application of patient
hot application in fundamental of nursing, include of definition,purpose,therapeutic effect,effect on physiology,and sencondery,procedure of appplying hot application on patient with the intervention
cold application in fundamental of nursing including of definition,purpose effect in physiology and secondary effect,therapeutic effect and procdure of applying cold application of patient
Types of bed in Nursing- easy explanation for Student Nurses
CLOSED BED
OPEN BED
ADMISSION BED
OCCUPIED BED
OPERATION BED/POST ANESTHESIA BED/RECOVERY BED
CARDIAC BED
FRACTURE BED
AMPUTATION BED/STUMP BED
BURN BED
Types of bed in Nursing- easy explanation for Student Nurses
CLOSED BED
OPEN BED
ADMISSION BED
OCCUPIED BED
OPERATION BED/POST ANESTHESIA BED/RECOVERY BED
CARDIAC BED
FRACTURE BED
AMPUTATION BED/STUMP BED
BURN BED
Alternative medicine is any practice that aims to achieve the healing effects of medicine, but which lacks biological plausibility and is untested, untestable or proven ineffective. Complementary medicine (CM), complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), integrated medicine or integrative medicine (IM), and holistic medicine are among many rebrandings of the same phenomenon. Alternative therapies share in common that they reside outside medical science, and rely on pseudoscience. Traditional practices become "alternative" when used outside their original settings without proper scientific explanation and evidence. Frequently used derogatory terms for the alternative are new-age or pseudo, with little distinction from quackery.
Alternative health care system and referral system, community health nursingNehaNupur8
Alternative systems of health include various healing approaches that originate from around the world and that are not based on conventional western medicine. There therapies are called alternative system of health as they are used alone as complementary medicine or these can be used with conventional medicine.
Similar to Complementary and Alternative treatment modalities (20)
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
Navigating the Health Insurance Market_ Understanding Trends and Options.pdfEnterprise Wired
From navigating policy options to staying informed about industry trends, this comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the health insurance market.
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
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3. “Complementary and Alternative
Modalities is a group of diverse medical
and health care systems, practice and
products that are not generally
considered part of conventional
medicine”
- Basheer and Yaseen khan
4. REASONS TO USE :
Poor prognosis of the disease
Focus of care is comfort not cure
Reduce side effects of treatment
Desire to cover all the option
Suggestion by family, friends and
society
Philosophical or cultural orientation
5. Less expensive than conventional
therapy
Dissatisfaction with or loss of trust in
conventional medicine
Desire to treat the disease in natural
way
Improve the immune system
Improve quality of life
6. TYPES:
Alternative medical system
Biological based treatment
Mind body technique
Manipulative and body based method
Energy therapies
7. 1. Alternative medical system
Ayurveda
Siddha
Unani & Tibbi
Homeopathy
Naturopathy
8.
9. a. Ayurveda
Ayurveda (science of life) is a system of
traditional medicine native to Indian
subcontinent, originated >5000 year ago.
It is a system of healing based on
homeopathy and naturopathy with an
extensive use of herbs.
Aims is to remove the cause of disorders,
prevent illness and harmonize body, mind
and conciousness.
10. Ayurveda aids in maintaining good health,
increasing longevity and overall quality of
life.
Treatment regimens include nutrition,
herbal remedies, aromatherapy, lifestyle
recommendation, massage treatment, color
and sound therapy, meditation and
rejuvenation therapy.
11.
12. b. Siddha
Siddharas concept is “ the healthy
soul can only be developed through a
healthy body”
They practices intense yogic practice,
including years of fasting and
meditation.
They assumed that when the normal
equilibrium of three humors is
disturbed disease caused.
13. Vata is characterized by the properties of
dry, cold, light, minute, and movement.
Pitta represents metabolism;[1] It is
characterized by heat, moistness,
liquidity, and sharpness and sourness.
Kapha is the watery element. It is
characterized by heaviness, coldness,
tenderness, softness, slowness,
lubrication, and the carrier of nutrients. It
is the nourishing element of the body
14.
15. According to siddha medicine
system, diet and lifestyle play
important role in health and in curing
disease.
Saint Thiruvalluvar explains 4
requisites of successful treatment.
These are
-the patients
-the attendent
-physician
-medicine
16. Treatment are done in 3 method
- Devamaruthuvum ( divine method)-
medicine made from murcury, sulfur &
pashanams are used.
-Manuda maruthuvum ( rational
method)- medicine made from herb
are used like churanam, kudineer,
vadagam etc.
- Asura maruthuvum ( surgical
method)-
incision, excision, heat application,
blood letting, leech application are
24. The following therapies are consider as
primary importance;
Nutrition and dietetic
Fasting
Structural adjustment- Osteopathy,
chiropractice, exercise etc.
Hydrotherapy
Healthy lifestyle
Education.
26. Chiropractic is a discipline that emphasizes
diagnosis, treatment and prevention of
mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal
system, especially the spine, under the
hypothesis that such disorders affect general
health via the nervous system
28. Herbal medicine
Examples include aspirin (from willow
bark), digoxin (from foxglove), quinine
(from cinchona bark), and morphine
(from the opium poppy).
The development of drugs from plants
continues, with drug companies
engaged in large-scale pharmacologic
screening of herbs.
29. Ginger: effective remedy for nausea &
vomiting.
Tea tree oil: effective against fungal
infection
Horse chestnut seed: can alleviate the
symptom of varicose vein.
36. Meditation is a
practice where an
individual uses a
technique – such as
mindfulness, or
focusing their mind on
a particular object,
thought or activity –
to train attention and
awareness, and
achieve a mentally
clear and emotionally
calm and stable state.
37. Meditation shown favourable effect on
cardiovascular function, immunity and
brain activity .
It often induce physical relaxation, mental
calmness & favourable emotional state such
as loving and kindness
39. A relaxation technique is any method,
process, procedure, or activity that helps a
person to relax; to attain a state of
increased calmness; or otherwise reduce
levels of pain, anxiety, stress or anger.
Relaxation techniques are often employed
as one element of a wider stress
management program and can decrease
muscle tension, lower the blood pressure
and slow heart and breath rates, among
other health benefits.
40. Relaxation techniques may be used in
combination with other techniques such
as meditation, guided imagery or
hypnotherapy.
42. Guided imagery is a form of focused
relaxation that helps create harmony
between the mind and body. It is a way of
focusing your imagination to create calm,
peaceful images in your mind, thereby
providing a “mental escape.”
43. Guided imagery provides a powerful psychological
strategy that enhances a person’s coping skills.
Imagery involves all the senses, as well as one’s
whole body and emotions.
It is a way of viewing ideas, feelings, experiences and
interpretations.
Imagery can stimulate changes in bodily functions
such as heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory
patterns.
It can help increase inner strengths to find hope,
courage and other qualities that can help to cope
with a variety of conditions.
45. Hypnotherapy is a type of complementary
and alternative medicine in which the
mind is used to help with a variety of
problems, such as breaking bad habits or
coping with stress.
46. In hypnotherapy, people are guided into an
advanced state of relaxation and heightened
attention. Hypnotized people become
absorbed in the images suggested by the
hypnotherapist and are able to suspend
disbelief because their attention is more
focused & they are more open to
suggestion.
Mechanism of hypnotherapy is poorly
understood from scientific point.
47. Helpful in treating;
Phobias, anxiety
Certain pain syndromes
Conversion disorder
Irritable bowel syndrome
Headaches
Asthma
Some skin disorder like warts,
psoriasis.
High blood pressure
Nausea & vomiting cause by
49. Biofeedback is a method of bringing
unconcious biologic process under concious
control.
It is a technique use to learn to control some
body's functions, such as heart rate, blood
pressure, muscle tension & brain surface by
using electronic device.
Used to treat pain including headache,
chronic abdominal pain, stress, insomnia,
fecal and urinary incontinence, mild cognitive
impairment.
50. 4. Manipulative and body based
method:
Yoga
Chiropractice
Tai Chi & Qigong
52. Yoga is one of the most helpful & healthy
forms of experience to manage the influence
of thinking by turning psychological and
physical force into spiritual energy.
Main aim of yoga therapy is the mind & body
integration, which strike into the normal
healing properties of the body and helps to
restore function of body and health.
53. 3 basic parts of yoga:
Physical posture
Breathing technique
Relaxation technique.
54. BENEFITS OF YOGA:
Treating depression
Control premature ventricular
complexes
Beneficial in post treating strategy of
breast cancer, prevention of cancer.
Emotional functions, Psychological
benefits.
Treating respiratory problems.
Fitness variations
In diabetic patient, improve nerve
function and lower blood sugar.
55. CRITICISMS OF YOGA:
Practice is impossible if you have limited
mobility and flexibility.
While attempting postures without pre
exercise preparation, possibility of getting
injured.
56. Chiropractic is a discipline that emphasizes
diagnosis, treatment and prevention of
mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal
system especially the spine, under the
hypothesis that such disorders affect general
health via the nervous system.
58. It is recently been considered as an
alternative methods for lowering blood
pressure.
Meditation including tai chi therapy, leads to
a relaxation response result in loosening the
walls of the arteries that carrying the blood
to the brain.
Repeatative activities can positively affect
metabolic rate, heart and breathing rate and
other life supporting process.
59. Tai chi have documented less frequent
headaches, diarrhoea and are less prone to
anger, anxiety and frustration.
It boost energy level.
60. 5. ENERGY THERAPIES
Massage therapy
Accupuncture
Reflexology
Hand mediated biofield therapy.
62. Massage is the manipulation of soft tissues
in the body. Massage techniques are
commonly applied with hands, fingers,
elbows, knees, forearms, feet, or a device.
The purpose of massage is generally for the
treatment of body stress or pain.
63. MASSAGE HAVE BEEN SHOWN:
Relieve muscle soreness
Relieve back pain
Relieve anxiety in cancer patients.
Preventing injury to the mothers genitals
during child birth.
Relieve chronic constipation
Controlling asthma.
65. Acupuncture is a form of alternative medicine
and a key component of traditional Chinese
medicine in which thin needles are inserted
into the skin and underlying tissue in specific
points.
The procedure is not painful but may cause
tingling sensation.
66. Stimulating these
specific point is
believed to unblock the
flow of qi along energy
pathways and thus
restore balance.
Qi is described as an
energy that needs to be
in balance for good
health.
Widely accepted in the
western country
68. Reflexology, also known as zone therapy, is
an alternative medicine involving application
of pressure to the feet and hands with
specific thumb, finger, and hand techniques
without the use of oil or lotion.
Pressure applied to the foot is believed to
bring relaxation and healing to the
corresponding area of the body.
Reflexologists use foot charts to guide them
as they apply pressure to specific areas
71. The practitioner moves his hands over
the patients body, specifically the
affected area, without actually touching
the patients.
Practice is based on the belief that living
beings have an energy field or aura which
extends beyond the surface of the body
that can manipulated by the therapist.
72. Claim that it directs the flow of chi so that
the patient can heal.
75. Aromatherapy is a holistic healing treatment
that uses natural plant extracts to promote
health and well-being. Sometimes it’s called
essential oil therapy. Aromatherapy uses
aromatic essential oils medicinally to
improve the health of the body, mind, and
spirit. It enhances both physical and
emotional health.
76. Aromatherapy works through the sense of smell
and skin absorption using products such as:
diffusers
aromatic spritzers
inhalers
bathing salts
body oils, creams, or lotions for massage or
topical application
facial steamers
clay masks
It can use these alone or in any combination.
77. Aromatherapy massage relieves tension
and improves circulation and can reduce
anxiety in short term settings such as
intensive care.
A trial of melissa (lemon balm)
aromatherapy shows highly significant
effects in reducing agitation and
increasing social interaction in dementia
patients.
80. Music therapy is the use of music to
improve clients' quality of life.
Music therapy is an interpersonal process in
which a trained music therapist uses music
and all of its facets – physical, emotional,
mental, social, aesthetic, and spiritual – to
help clients improve their health and
quality of life.
81. It can be used in all ages and with a variety
of conditions, including:
Psychiatric disorders
Medical problems
Physical handicaps
Sensory impairments
Developmental disabilities
Substance abuse
Communication disorders
Interpersonal problems and aging.
83. Photo energy therapy devices emit near
infrared light typically at a wavelength of
880nm.
This wavelength is believed to stimulate the
release of nitric oxide, an endothelium- derived
relaxing factor into the bloodstream, thus
vasodilating the capillaries and venuoles in the
microcirculatory system help in increase
circulation.
This is used to reduce pain in diabetic & non
diabetic patients, help to address the
underlying problem of neuropathies.
86. Laughter therapy aims to get people
laughing in both group and individual
session and can help reduce stress, make
people and employees happier and more
committed, as well as improve their
interpersonal skills.
88. Art is a creative method of expression used
as a therapeutic technique.
It is defined as a form of psychotherapy that
uses art media as its primary mode of
expression and communication.
It can successfully applied to client with
physical, mental or emotional problems,
disease and disorder.
89. Any type of visual art can employed within
the therapeutic process including painting,
drawing, sculpting, photography and digital
art.
91. The aim of crying therapy classes is to help
relieve stress by sobbing. People who attend
these classes listen to sad stories, or watch
sad videos and have a good cry to relieve
stress and pressure.
New research shows that while shedding a
few tears leads to a dip in mood immediately
after the crying jag, about 90 minutes later
people report feeling even better than they
did before they had reason to cry.
93. It is a therapy from work issues, stress,
fatigue, tiredness, boredom and
loneliness.
Many travels not only to escape the
realities but to treat their health as well.
The stress reliever for most travelling is
also the way of coping with depression.