This is a case study on ethanol poisoning. Ethanol poisoning involves the consumption of over 25 mg/dL of ethanol. It affects age groups from young to elderly likewise. Treatment involves preliminary ABCD and administration of Disulfiram.

1. Case study on ETHANOL
TOXICITY
Prepared by
Neeraj Ojha
Yuvraj kalathoki

2. INTRODUCTION
Ethanol is a colourless, volatile liquid .It is miscible in
water.Alcohol intoxication or alcohol poisoning is the negative
behaviour and physical effects due the recent drinking of
alcohol.At higher doses there may be slurred speech,trouble
walking and vomiting.It is absorbed mainly through GIT by
passive diffusion.It is a low molecular weight compound
derived from the fermentation of sugars and cereals.

3. ETHANOL METABOLISM PATHWAY

4. ETHANOL TOXICITY

5. CHRONIC ETHANOL TOXICITY

6. CAUSES OF ALCOHOL INTOXICATION
Alcohol intoxication occurs from drinking too much alcohol in
a short period of time .Some people are more at risk of
alcohol intoxication than others.Factors affecting your risk of
alcohol intoxication include
● Body type and body weight
● Health status
● Alcohol percentage in the drink

7. contd..
● Rate and amount of alcohol consumption
● Level of alcohol tolerance .

8. EPIDEMIOLOGY
Alcohol intoxication is common in modern society,largely
because of its widespread availability.
Acute intoxication with any of the alcohols can result in
respiratory depression,aspiration, hypotension and
cardiovascular collapse.
The onset of the later stages of toxic alcohol intoxication can
also be delayed if ethanol is coingested.

9. CLINICAL FEATURES/SYMPTOMS
● Confusion
● Vomiting
● Seizures
● Irregular breathing
● Slow breathing
● Tachycardia
● Hypothermia
● Blue tinged skin or pale skin

10. ROUTES OF INGESTION
● Oral ingestion
● Inhalation
● Intravenous ingestion.

12. ACUTE AND CHRONIC ALCOHOL TOXICITY

13. Chronic effects of alcohol on body
● Liver cirrhosis
● Physical mental and moral deterioration
● Chronic gastroenteritis
● Peripheral neuropathy
● Impotence and sterility
● Euphoria
● Excitement

14. TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT
Preliminary ABCD treatment is a must;
For acute poisoning there are two types of treatment
● First aid
● Treatment in hospital
● Treatment in hospital includes gastric lavage,artificial
breathing,electrolytes,IV hypertonic glucose
solution,Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

15. Chronic alcohol poisoning treatment
● Antabuse (DIsulfiram) OD dose of 0.5mg
● Calcium carbimide (citrate salt ) OD dose of 50mg
● Psychotherapy

16. CASE STUDY
A 20-year-old man was transferred to the hospital XYZ by
ambulance because of a disturbance of consciousness and vomiting.
He had started drinking 1 h before the Emergency Medical Service
was notified of his altered consciousness. His serum ethanol
concentration on arrival was 225 mg/dL, and the patient was
admitted for treatment of intoxication.

17. SUBJECTIVE DETAIL
● Gender -male
● Age -20 yrs old
● Weight -65 kg

18. OBJECTIVE DETAIL
Arterial pH<7.3
Serum bicarbonate<20mmol/L
Osmolal gap>10mOsm/kg H20

19. ASSESSMENT
● So the patient was diagnosed of chronic alcohol poisoning.

20. PLANNING
● In cases of coma, endotracheal intubation would be needed,
followed by artificial ventilation.
● Generally, treatment is necessary, including avoidance of
dehydration, hypothermia, hypotension, hypoglycemia,
respiratory depression, metabolic acidosis, excitement, and
anxiety