Affect and cognition
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Mood influences cognition and cognition influences mood in a bidirectional relationship. Feelings shape thoughts and thoughts shape feelings. Specifically: - A person's current mood impacts what information they notice and remember, with positive moods enhancing creativity and negative moods making people and ideas seem gloomier. - Memory is also mood-dependent, with information learned in a positive (negative) mood more easily recalled when the person is in a positive (negative) mood. - Cognition also influences affect, as explained by the two-factor theory of emotion - physiological arousal is labeled as an emotion based on cognitive cues from the external environment. - Studies in social neuroscience provide evidence of this bidirectional relationship between cognition in
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Affect and cognition
- 1. Affect and cognition : How Feelings Shape Thought and Thought Shapes Feelings
- 2. Affect and Cognition Affect Expression of mood Feeling state Cognition Thinking Decision making
- 3. Mood Mood is seen as a mediatory mechanism that influences cognition Mood influences our memory, judgments, perceptions and many other aspects of cognition.
- 4. Influence of Affect on Cognition • Everything seems to be brighter than usual. • Happy moods can increase creativity. • Eg: situations, other people, ideas even new inventions Good mood (positive affect) • Everything looks gloomy • Eg: interviewer being influenced by their current mood. They assign lower ratings to the people they interview when they are in a bad mood. Negative mood
- 5. The Effects of Mood on Memory MOOD CONGRUENCE EFFECTS CURRENT MOOD : POSITIVE NOTICE AND REMEMBER POSITIVE INFORMATION CURRENT MOOD : NEGATIVE NOTICE AND REMEMBER NEGATIVE INFORMATION
- 6. The Effects of Mood on Memory MOOD DEPENDENT MEMORY INFORMATION LEARNED WHILE IN A POSITIVE MOOD MORE EASILY RECALLED WHEN IN A POSITIVE MOOD INFORMATION LEARNED WHILE IN A NEGATIVE MOOD MORE EASILY RECALLED WHEN IN A NEGATIVE MOOD
- 7. THE INFLUENCE OF COGNITION ON AFFECT Cognition can also influences mood. Two-factor theory of emotion (Schachter,1964). States that emotion is based on two factors: ◦ physiological arousal and ◦ cognitive label
- 8. According to the theory when an emotion is felt, a physiological arousal occurs and the person uses the immediate environment to search for emotional cues to label the physiological arousal. This can sometimes cause misinterpretations of emotions based on the body’s physiological state. When the brain does not know why it feels an emotion it relies on external stimulation for cues on how to label the emotion.
- 9. Imagine you are alone in a dark parking lot walking toward your car. A strange man suddenly emerges from a nearby row of trees and rapidly approaches.
- 10. The sequence that follows, according to the two-factor theory, would be much like this: I. See a strange man walking toward me. 2. My heart is racing and I am trembling. 3. My rapid heart rate and trembling are caused by fear.
- 11. Conscious experience of the emotion Fear The cognitive label Physical reactions to fear Physical arousal Rapid heartbeat and trembling The process begins with the stimulus The strange man
- 12. Affect and Cognition: Social Neuroscience Evidence Human brain Cognition Affect Prefrontal cortex Limbic system
- 13. Game theory Ultimatum game 2 people are given a sum of money. Offer: • One person suggest amount • Another person reject/accept Delayed and immediate Rewards Offer: • An immediate gain • A larger one in two weeks.