The document discusses adult development and andragogy in online learning, highlighting key theories such as McClusky’s theory of margin and Illeris’s three-dimensional learning model. It emphasizes the importance of transformative learning for adults, which involves understanding the why and how of their education, as well as the need for reflection to change meaning structures. Additionally, it examines epistemological issues related to knowledge acquisition and the complexities of adult learning experiences.

1. Adult Development and Andragogy in Online LearningTim Stafford, MS MADirector of Image Building/Instructional Design - Liberty Building Forensics Group

2. Introduction – GaryT. Marx and Futuring Education5 Profound Trends That will Impact Education in the FutureThe old are outnumbering the youngTechnology will continue to make everything faster and amplifiedEducation will be looked to for the release of human ingenuityA need for personal meaning is driving education to be transformativeA need for equilibrium will demand the need for seasoned educators

3. Understanding the Aging MindMcClusky’s Theory of MarginIlleris’s Three Dimensional Learning ModelIntroduction to Epistemic IssuesJarvis’s Learning ProcessTransformative Learning

4. McClusky’s Theory of MarginThe adult seeks to strike a balance (L:P) between:The Load of Life (L) which acts like an independent variableThe Power of Life (P) which is the power to manage LImpact: Education becomes a load that can become dispensable if it becomes overwhelming to the power to perform.

5. Illeris’s Three Dimensional Learning ModelThe adult seeks to strike a balance (C:E:S) between:Cognition – The ability to understandEmotion – The ability to maintain balance with personal issuesSocial – The ability to ping ideas against cultural norms and more’s and reconcile them.Impact 1: Adults need to understand the Why of learningImpact 2: Adults need to understand how it will impact their world

6. Issues Surrounding EpistemologyDefining knowledge as a whole is difficultWhat can be absolutely known and what can only be understood given rational opinion?How is knowledge obtained?What is the role of skepticism in knowing or not knowing?How is knowledge valuable?

7. Jarvis’s Learning ProcessThe adult brings many qualified realities to the table:Prior KnowledgePrior ExperienceFlow of time with a history and present and a futureNoetic Structure: The basis of connected beliefsA filtering worldview

8. Jarvis’s Learning ProcessA simple world view structure – connected beliefs about:PoliticsEducationEconomicsReligionSocial Issues©2011 The Nehemiah Institute Used with permission

9. Conclusion: Considering Transformative Learning4 Critical Lenses of Reflective TeachingThe lens of autobiography The lens of the student The lens of experience in relation to colleagues The lens of theoretical literatureBrookfields Reflective Teaching Model

10. Conclusion: Considering Transformative LearningMeizrow and Chapman’s Principles of Transformative Learning:Adults exhibit two kinds of learning: instrumental (e.g., cause/effect)) and communicative (e.g., feelings)Learning involves change to meaning structures (perspectives and schemes). Change to meaning structures occurs through reflection about content, process or premises.Learning can involve: refining/elaborating meaning schemes, learning new schemes, transforming schemes, or transforming perspectives.

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