The document discusses models of the adoption of innovations by farmers. It describes several stage-based models including a 5-stage model of awareness, interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption. A 7-stage model is also presented consisting of need, awareness, interest, deliberation, trial, evaluation, and adoption. Several key points are made about the adoption process including that it is not a single decision but a process involving learning, thinking, and acting over time through different mental stages.

1. Adoption of Innovation and
its model
Submitted by,
Dr. Balaraj BL
Ph.D Scholar
Roll No. 1672
Submitted to,
Dr. Hema Tripathi
Pr, Scientist and PC
I.V.R.I

2. Adoption
• Adoption
Decision to make full use of an innovation as the best
course of action available.
• Adoption process (Micro process)
Decision making process, goes through a number of
mental stages before making a final decision to adopt
an innovation.

3. Wilkening (1953)
• Adoption of innovation as a process composed of
learning, deciding and acting over a period of time.
• The adoption of a specific practice is not the result
of a single decision to act but series of action and
thought decision.
Four stages in adoption
Obtaining information
Conviction
Trial
Adoption.

4. Stages in Adoption Process
• The decision to adopt an innovation,
“is not normally a single, instantaneous act”
• But it is a decision-making process.
• Steps in Decision-Making: (Johnson & Haver, 1955)
Observing the problem
Analysis
Deciding available course of action
Taking one course
Accepting the consequence

5. Stages in Adoption Process
• Pioneering work of diffusion of hybrid corn seed in
two Iowa communities in the United States
• Ryan and Gross (1943)
Stages in the process of adoption
• “awareness” of the existence of an innovation
• “conviction” of usefulness
• “acceptance” sense of willingness to try the innovation
• “complete adoption”. full scale use

6. Five stages in Adoption
According to North Central Rural Sociology Sub-
committee

7. Awareness
• The farmer comes to know the existence of the
new idea but he doesn’t have full information
about the idea.
• At this stage farmer is aware of the idea, but lacks
detailed information about it.
• E.g. The farmers may know Artificial Insemination
by the name and may not know what (AI) is, what it
will do and how it will work.

8. Interest
• The farmer develops interest in the innovation
• Seeks additional information
• Extension officer or from fellow farmers or from
any source, which he feels credible.
• Acquires more information on innovation
• Farmer wants to know
what the innovation is ?
how it works ?
what are its potentialities ?

9. Evaluation
• Mental application of the new idea in the present
and anticipated future situations
• Decides whether or not to try it.
• Judges the utility of the innovation.
• Assessment, whether the idea is applicable to own
situation.
• If applied what would be the result.

10. Trial
• Farmers may not take up any new idea at first
instance at large scale because doesn’t want to take
risk
• Farmer applies the new idea on a small scale
• Determine its utility or feasibility & applicability
• Practical evaluation of an innovation.

11. Adoption
• If satisfied with the performance of the new idea
• Uses the new idea continuously on a full scale.
• Innovation becomes a part of normal farming activity.
• The farmer takes final decision and applies the
innovation in a scale appropriate to own situation on
a continued basis.

12. Other model of adoption stages
• The stages of adoption are dynamic and not static.
(Singh, 1965)
• The five stages do not occur with all the adopters
• All the practices sequence is not always the same
• Some times one stage appears more than once
• In some cases some stages are short
• Some stages seem to be skipped
• May jump from evaluation to adoption stage
• No clear-cut differences: capsules and looks like a
unit act.

13. Seven-stage model of the adoption
process.
• Need
• Awareness
• Interest
• Deliberation
• Trial
• Evaluation and
• Adoption.

14. • NEED:
Difference between what is and what ought to be.
Farmer wishes to change his existing practice or to get
more yield/income.
• AWARENESS:
Farmer just comes to know about an innovation
without knowing the details of it.
• INTEREST:
Farmer makes an attempt to know more about the
innovation.

15. • DELIBERATION:
Possibility of application of the innovation under
own conditions.
Seeks advice of opinion leaders observe the
performance at different places and discusses with the
members of family.
Farmer then takes a decision to try out or reject the
idea.
• TRIAL:
Puts the practice on a limited scale to observe the
performance under own conditions.

16. • EVALUATION:
Farmer observes performance of the innovation on
various dimensions.
Collects data on the performance of the
innovation on others situation.
Compares performance of new with old one
Calculates input – output, risks, uncertainties etc.
• ADOPTION:
Farmer takes the decision to extend the use of
the innovation on a continued basis.