This chapter describes various types of aerial apparatus including aerial ladder trucks, elevating platforms, telescoping and articulating aerial platforms, water towers, quintuple fire apparatus, and their features and functions. It covers the construction and components of aerial ladders including ladder trusses, rails, rungs and hydraulic and cable systems. It also discusses water delivery systems, communication systems, breathing air systems, and other special equipment that can be included on aerial apparatus.
This chapter describes different types of aerial apparatus including aerial ladder trucks, elevating platforms, telescoping aerial platforms, articulating aerial platforms, water towers, and quintuple fire apparatus. It discusses the primary features of aerial devices such as ladders, trusses, bases, flies, and hydraulic systems. It also covers cable systems, chains, slides, rollers, turntables, control pedestals, water delivery systems, communication systems, breathing air systems, and other special systems that can be included on aerial apparatus.
The document discusses proper positioning of aerial apparatus. It outlines standard operating procedures for positioning based on building height and tactical considerations. Factors that could cause stress on the aerial device are examined, such as excessive extension, wind, or an unstable surface. Unique response situations like highways, railroads, and hazardous materials incidents also require special positioning considerations to ensure safety.
This chapter of the driver/operator handbook discusses operating articulating aerial equipment, including raising and lowering the device, and operating under adverse conditions such as wind, ice, and heat. It provides procedures for deploying and returning the aerial device, and safety guidelines, noting that failure can usually be blamed on improper maintenance or lack of operator knowledge and awareness.
The document discusses strategies and tactics for using aerial apparatus, including:
1. Victim removal priorities, such as rescuing those most threatened first.
2. Techniques for raising the aerial device to reach a victim, positioning it for window or roof rescues, and removing victims from elevated positions.
3. Safety issues associated with using aerial devices for water rescues, aircraft rescues, below-grade operations, and ventilation. Positioning the aerial device properly is important for exposure protection and ventilation operations.
The document discusses the critical process of stabilizing aerial apparatus before using the aerial device. Stabilizing prevents tipping by shifting the vehicle's center of gravity. It describes various stabilizer types, deployment procedures, and considerations for uneven terrain. Proper stabilization is essential for safe operation of the aerial device.
The document discusses the critical process of stabilizing aerial apparatus before using the aerial device. Stabilizing prevents tipping by shifting the vehicle's center of gravity. It describes various stabilizer types, deployment procedures, and considerations for uneven terrain. Proper stabilization is essential for safe operation of aerial devices.
The document discusses procedures for operating telescoping aerial devices, including raising, lowering, and operating under adverse conditions. To raise the aerial device, the apparatus must be positioned and stabilized, then the device is elevated, rotated, extended, and lowered to the target. Special consideration must be given to low wind speeds, grades, ice, heat damage, and mechanical failures which can compromise safety. General safety practices include engaging locks, avoiding overloading, being aware of overhead hazards, and not moving with firefighters on board.
This chapter describes different types of aerial apparatus including aerial ladder trucks, elevating platforms, telescoping aerial platforms, articulating aerial platforms, water towers, and quintuple fire apparatus. It discusses the primary features of aerial devices such as ladders, trusses, bases, flies, and hydraulic systems. It also covers cable systems, chains, slides, rollers, turntables, control pedestals, water delivery systems, communication systems, breathing air systems, and other special systems that can be included on aerial apparatus.
The document discusses proper positioning of aerial apparatus. It outlines standard operating procedures for positioning based on building height and tactical considerations. Factors that could cause stress on the aerial device are examined, such as excessive extension, wind, or an unstable surface. Unique response situations like highways, railroads, and hazardous materials incidents also require special positioning considerations to ensure safety.
This chapter of the driver/operator handbook discusses operating articulating aerial equipment, including raising and lowering the device, and operating under adverse conditions such as wind, ice, and heat. It provides procedures for deploying and returning the aerial device, and safety guidelines, noting that failure can usually be blamed on improper maintenance or lack of operator knowledge and awareness.
The document discusses strategies and tactics for using aerial apparatus, including:
1. Victim removal priorities, such as rescuing those most threatened first.
2. Techniques for raising the aerial device to reach a victim, positioning it for window or roof rescues, and removing victims from elevated positions.
3. Safety issues associated with using aerial devices for water rescues, aircraft rescues, below-grade operations, and ventilation. Positioning the aerial device properly is important for exposure protection and ventilation operations.
The document discusses the critical process of stabilizing aerial apparatus before using the aerial device. Stabilizing prevents tipping by shifting the vehicle's center of gravity. It describes various stabilizer types, deployment procedures, and considerations for uneven terrain. Proper stabilization is essential for safe operation of the aerial device.
The document discusses the critical process of stabilizing aerial apparatus before using the aerial device. Stabilizing prevents tipping by shifting the vehicle's center of gravity. It describes various stabilizer types, deployment procedures, and considerations for uneven terrain. Proper stabilization is essential for safe operation of aerial devices.
The document discusses procedures for operating telescoping aerial devices, including raising, lowering, and operating under adverse conditions. To raise the aerial device, the apparatus must be positioned and stabilized, then the device is elevated, rotated, extended, and lowered to the target. Special consideration must be given to low wind speeds, grades, ice, heat damage, and mechanical failures which can compromise safety. General safety practices include engaging locks, avoiding overloading, being aware of overhead hazards, and not moving with firefighters on board.
This chapter of the Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator Handbook discusses apparatus safety. It identifies the five main causes of fire apparatus collisions as reckless driving, excessive speed, lack of driving skills, improper backing, and poor vehicle design. The chapter emphasizes the importance of driver readiness and attitude, as well as ensuring the safety of all apparatus riders. When backing, drivers should follow general safety rules including using spotters and backing cameras if available.
This chapter discusses inspection, maintenance, and testing procedures for aerial fire apparatus. It describes the importance of establishing a systematic maintenance program to dictate responsibilities. Proper procedures are outlined for inspecting and cleaning both the interior and exterior of the apparatus. The chapter also provides detailed guidance on performing walk-around, in-cab, and engine compartment inspections. Finally, it discusses various testing methods for aerial devices, including visual, operational, load, and nondestructive inspections.
This chapter of the driver/operator handbook discusses operating articulating aerial equipment, including raising and lowering the device. It outlines the proper procedures for deploying the aerial device, which involves a series of motions like elevating, rotating, and extending. The document also addresses operating the equipment under adverse conditions such as high winds, low temperatures, or ice formation, and the safety guidelines that should be followed.
Driver/operators of aerial apparatus must have certain skills and abilities, including strong reading, writing, and math skills. They must pass physical fitness tests and meet vision and hearing standards. Candidates are typically selected based on time of service and testing in career departments, or through an approval process involving examinations in volunteer departments. All driver/operators must undergo classroom and practical training, and hold the appropriate licenses as determined by state laws and national regulatory bodies.
The document discusses operating procedures for telescoping aerial devices. It describes the steps to raise and lower the aerial device, including positioning the apparatus, deploying stabilizers, raising and extending the device, and lowering it gently into position. It also covers safety guidelines for operating the devices and factors that can affect safe operation in various conditions such as high winds, low temperatures, or equipment failure. Maintaining equipment and understanding operating limitations are important to prevent failures or accidents.
The document discusses proper positioning of aerial apparatus. It outlines standard operating procedures for positioning based on building height and tactical considerations. Factors that could cause stress on the aerial device are examined, such as excessive extension, wind, or an unstable surface. Unique response situations like highways, railroads, and hazardous materials incidents also require special positioning considerations to ensure safety.
This document provides an overview of avionics systems and requirements. It discusses how avionics systems enable aircraft to complete their missions safely and efficiently. Major drivers for avionics development include increased safety, air traffic control, all-weather operation, and reduced fuel consumption. The design of avionics systems is an iterative team process that goes through conceptual, preliminary, and detailed design stages. Requirements come from the aircraft mission as well as customers and regulators. Key considerations in avionics system design include capabilities, reliability, maintainability, cost and risk.
This document provides safety information and operating instructions for a Rosenbauer 68' Roadrunner aerial fire truck. Key points include:
- Safety precautions that must be followed when operating the aerial ladder and stabilizers, including wearing fall protection harnesses.
- Guidelines for positioning the truck at an incident, such as placing it in a corner for maximum reach and checking for overhead obstructions.
- Procedures for setting up the outriggers and stabilizers before operating the aerial, including using outrigger pads and taking the bubble out of the truck tires.
- Controls and switches located on the pump panel for operating the aerial, lights, and outriggers and their functions.
This document discusses considerations for positioning fire apparatus at an incident scene. It explains that fire pumpers supply water and their placement depends on standard operating procedures and the incident commander's judgment. Proper positioning considers rescue needs, water supply, attack method, exposures, wind, terrain, relocation potential, aerial apparatus needs, and staging procedures to efficiently utilize responding units. The safety of firefighters is prioritized by placing apparatus between them and oncoming traffic on highways.
The document discusses different types of jet propulsion engines used in aeronautical engineering. It describes the basic principles of piston engines, turboprop engines, and jet engines. It then provides more detailed explanations of various air-breathing engines - ramjet engines, turbojet engines, turboprop engines, and turbofan engines. For each type of engine, it discusses their basic components, working principles, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. The document is a lecture on fundamentals of aeronautical engineering focusing on basics of propulsion systems.
The document discusses rigging specifications and procedures for aircraft assembly and flight control systems. It provides details on:
1) Aligning and leveling the fuselage, wings, empennage and other components during assembly according to manufacturer specifications.
2) Installing and rigging the aileron, elevator, rudder and other flight control systems, including adjusting cable tension and travel to manufacturer standards.
3) Checking control surface movements and aircraft symmetry after assembly and making adjustments as needed.
Flight controls allow pilots to control the forces of flight and maneuver aircraft. This chapter focuses on basic flight control systems, from early mechanical systems to modern fly-by-wire designs. It describes the primary flight controls - ailerons, elevators, and rudders - and how they control roll, pitch, and yaw respectively. Adverse yaw created by ailerons is also discussed, as are methods to reduce it like differential ailerons. The chapter provides examples of different flight control configurations for various aircraft types.
This document describes aircraft flight control systems. It discusses the primary flight controls of elevators, ailerons, and rudders and how each control affects the aircraft's pitch, roll, and yaw. Secondary flight controls include trim tabs for stabilizing the elevators, ailerons, and rudder. Auxiliary controls are flaps and high-lift devices that increase an aircraft's lift during takeoff and landing. Flaps extend on the trailing edge of wings to increase their camber and reduce stall speed, while leading edge slats and spoilers disrupt airflow over wings.
This document provides an overview of flight control systems, engine control systems, and environmental control systems on aircraft. It discusses primary and secondary flight controls, control linkage systems using rods or cables, and flight control actuation methods ranging from mechanical to fly-by-wire systems. It also covers engine technology, fuel and air flow control, bleed air systems, and engine control parameters and examples of control systems. Finally, it discusses hydraulic system design and components, environmental control needs like cooling and pressurization, and methods for cabin temperature control and humidity control.
This document describes the design of a control system for the takeoff and landing phases of flight for an aircraft. It discusses using MATLAB/Simulink software to model and simulate the aircraft's attitude, altitude, and other parameters during takeoff and landing. The simulation results show that the designed control system performs well for maintaining stability and achieving the desired trajectories. The document aims to advance aircraft control system design from conventional mechanical systems to electrical fly-by-wire systems using low-cost components.
In this presentation, Stirling Dynamics discusses the uses and benefits of active controls for aerospace applications. The presentation covers the background of active controls, their current use and Stirling’s view on how active controls could be used in the future to enhance the flight simulation experience and to improve aircraft safety. Stirling has been at the forefront of the active controls since the early 1990s and is well positioned to lead the discussion on the future potential of the technology.
Artificial feel systems in aircraft provide pilots with feedback about control surface positions and aerodynamic loads without direct mechanical linkage. They use springs or dynamic air pressure differentials to create resistance proportional to pilot control inputs and airspeed. Modern aircraft use spring or Q feel systems, with Q feel employing a piston or hydraulic actuator biased by pitot-static differential pressure to generate opposing forces on controls.
The document discusses ramjet engines and provides several key details:
1) Ramjets rely on forward speed to compress incoming air rather than using moving parts. They achieve thrust by accelerating exhaust gases to a higher velocity than the inlet air.
2) Ramjet performance depends on the increase in stagnation temperature across the combustor. Specific thrust and efficiencies increase with higher flight Mach numbers.
3) Ramjets have powered missiles like the Bomarc, which used liquid and ramjet engines. Hypersonic experimental vehicles like HyFly are being developed with dual-mode ramjet/scramjet engines.
The document summarizes the evolution of aircraft structures from early designs using wooden ribs and fabric to modern aluminum and composite designs. It describes key structural components such as those that produce lift (wings, airfoils), control (elevators, ailerons, rudders), modify lift (flaps, slats), and hold other components. Early aircraft had open wooden frameworks and fabric coverings while later warplanes used metal tubing and stressed skin construction. Modern jets widely use semi-monocoque construction.
This document discusses safe driving practices for operating emergency vehicles. It notes that 15-20% of firefighter injuries and deaths are from vehicle collisions while responding to or returning from calls. The main causes of fire apparatus collisions are identified as improper backing, reckless public driving, excessive apparatus speed, lack of driver skill/experience, and poor vehicle design/maintenance. The document provides guidance on starting, driving, and operating emergency vehicles, with the overarching goals of safety and efficiency while responding to emergencies.
This chapter of the driver handbook discusses driving regulations and guidelines for aerial apparatus. It provides instructions on starting, driving, and shutting down both manual and automatic transmission vehicles. It addresses nonemergency travel, stopping, braking, and factors that influence the ability to stop. The chapter also covers skids and weight transfer, with objectives measuring driving skills. Auxiliary braking systems and the use of private vehicles are additionally outlined.
This chapter of the Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator Handbook discusses apparatus safety. It identifies the five main causes of fire apparatus collisions as reckless driving, excessive speed, lack of driving skills, improper backing, and poor vehicle design. The chapter emphasizes the importance of driver readiness and attitude, as well as ensuring the safety of all apparatus riders. When backing, drivers should follow general safety rules including using spotters and backing cameras if available.
This chapter discusses inspection, maintenance, and testing procedures for aerial fire apparatus. It describes the importance of establishing a systematic maintenance program to dictate responsibilities. Proper procedures are outlined for inspecting and cleaning both the interior and exterior of the apparatus. The chapter also provides detailed guidance on performing walk-around, in-cab, and engine compartment inspections. Finally, it discusses various testing methods for aerial devices, including visual, operational, load, and nondestructive inspections.
This chapter of the driver/operator handbook discusses operating articulating aerial equipment, including raising and lowering the device. It outlines the proper procedures for deploying the aerial device, which involves a series of motions like elevating, rotating, and extending. The document also addresses operating the equipment under adverse conditions such as high winds, low temperatures, or ice formation, and the safety guidelines that should be followed.
Driver/operators of aerial apparatus must have certain skills and abilities, including strong reading, writing, and math skills. They must pass physical fitness tests and meet vision and hearing standards. Candidates are typically selected based on time of service and testing in career departments, or through an approval process involving examinations in volunteer departments. All driver/operators must undergo classroom and practical training, and hold the appropriate licenses as determined by state laws and national regulatory bodies.
The document discusses operating procedures for telescoping aerial devices. It describes the steps to raise and lower the aerial device, including positioning the apparatus, deploying stabilizers, raising and extending the device, and lowering it gently into position. It also covers safety guidelines for operating the devices and factors that can affect safe operation in various conditions such as high winds, low temperatures, or equipment failure. Maintaining equipment and understanding operating limitations are important to prevent failures or accidents.
The document discusses proper positioning of aerial apparatus. It outlines standard operating procedures for positioning based on building height and tactical considerations. Factors that could cause stress on the aerial device are examined, such as excessive extension, wind, or an unstable surface. Unique response situations like highways, railroads, and hazardous materials incidents also require special positioning considerations to ensure safety.
This document provides an overview of avionics systems and requirements. It discusses how avionics systems enable aircraft to complete their missions safely and efficiently. Major drivers for avionics development include increased safety, air traffic control, all-weather operation, and reduced fuel consumption. The design of avionics systems is an iterative team process that goes through conceptual, preliminary, and detailed design stages. Requirements come from the aircraft mission as well as customers and regulators. Key considerations in avionics system design include capabilities, reliability, maintainability, cost and risk.
This document provides safety information and operating instructions for a Rosenbauer 68' Roadrunner aerial fire truck. Key points include:
- Safety precautions that must be followed when operating the aerial ladder and stabilizers, including wearing fall protection harnesses.
- Guidelines for positioning the truck at an incident, such as placing it in a corner for maximum reach and checking for overhead obstructions.
- Procedures for setting up the outriggers and stabilizers before operating the aerial, including using outrigger pads and taking the bubble out of the truck tires.
- Controls and switches located on the pump panel for operating the aerial, lights, and outriggers and their functions.
This document discusses considerations for positioning fire apparatus at an incident scene. It explains that fire pumpers supply water and their placement depends on standard operating procedures and the incident commander's judgment. Proper positioning considers rescue needs, water supply, attack method, exposures, wind, terrain, relocation potential, aerial apparatus needs, and staging procedures to efficiently utilize responding units. The safety of firefighters is prioritized by placing apparatus between them and oncoming traffic on highways.
The document discusses different types of jet propulsion engines used in aeronautical engineering. It describes the basic principles of piston engines, turboprop engines, and jet engines. It then provides more detailed explanations of various air-breathing engines - ramjet engines, turbojet engines, turboprop engines, and turbofan engines. For each type of engine, it discusses their basic components, working principles, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. The document is a lecture on fundamentals of aeronautical engineering focusing on basics of propulsion systems.
The document discusses rigging specifications and procedures for aircraft assembly and flight control systems. It provides details on:
1) Aligning and leveling the fuselage, wings, empennage and other components during assembly according to manufacturer specifications.
2) Installing and rigging the aileron, elevator, rudder and other flight control systems, including adjusting cable tension and travel to manufacturer standards.
3) Checking control surface movements and aircraft symmetry after assembly and making adjustments as needed.
Flight controls allow pilots to control the forces of flight and maneuver aircraft. This chapter focuses on basic flight control systems, from early mechanical systems to modern fly-by-wire designs. It describes the primary flight controls - ailerons, elevators, and rudders - and how they control roll, pitch, and yaw respectively. Adverse yaw created by ailerons is also discussed, as are methods to reduce it like differential ailerons. The chapter provides examples of different flight control configurations for various aircraft types.
This document describes aircraft flight control systems. It discusses the primary flight controls of elevators, ailerons, and rudders and how each control affects the aircraft's pitch, roll, and yaw. Secondary flight controls include trim tabs for stabilizing the elevators, ailerons, and rudder. Auxiliary controls are flaps and high-lift devices that increase an aircraft's lift during takeoff and landing. Flaps extend on the trailing edge of wings to increase their camber and reduce stall speed, while leading edge slats and spoilers disrupt airflow over wings.
This document provides an overview of flight control systems, engine control systems, and environmental control systems on aircraft. It discusses primary and secondary flight controls, control linkage systems using rods or cables, and flight control actuation methods ranging from mechanical to fly-by-wire systems. It also covers engine technology, fuel and air flow control, bleed air systems, and engine control parameters and examples of control systems. Finally, it discusses hydraulic system design and components, environmental control needs like cooling and pressurization, and methods for cabin temperature control and humidity control.
This document describes the design of a control system for the takeoff and landing phases of flight for an aircraft. It discusses using MATLAB/Simulink software to model and simulate the aircraft's attitude, altitude, and other parameters during takeoff and landing. The simulation results show that the designed control system performs well for maintaining stability and achieving the desired trajectories. The document aims to advance aircraft control system design from conventional mechanical systems to electrical fly-by-wire systems using low-cost components.
In this presentation, Stirling Dynamics discusses the uses and benefits of active controls for aerospace applications. The presentation covers the background of active controls, their current use and Stirling’s view on how active controls could be used in the future to enhance the flight simulation experience and to improve aircraft safety. Stirling has been at the forefront of the active controls since the early 1990s and is well positioned to lead the discussion on the future potential of the technology.
Artificial feel systems in aircraft provide pilots with feedback about control surface positions and aerodynamic loads without direct mechanical linkage. They use springs or dynamic air pressure differentials to create resistance proportional to pilot control inputs and airspeed. Modern aircraft use spring or Q feel systems, with Q feel employing a piston or hydraulic actuator biased by pitot-static differential pressure to generate opposing forces on controls.
The document discusses ramjet engines and provides several key details:
1) Ramjets rely on forward speed to compress incoming air rather than using moving parts. They achieve thrust by accelerating exhaust gases to a higher velocity than the inlet air.
2) Ramjet performance depends on the increase in stagnation temperature across the combustor. Specific thrust and efficiencies increase with higher flight Mach numbers.
3) Ramjets have powered missiles like the Bomarc, which used liquid and ramjet engines. Hypersonic experimental vehicles like HyFly are being developed with dual-mode ramjet/scramjet engines.
The document summarizes the evolution of aircraft structures from early designs using wooden ribs and fabric to modern aluminum and composite designs. It describes key structural components such as those that produce lift (wings, airfoils), control (elevators, ailerons, rudders), modify lift (flaps, slats), and hold other components. Early aircraft had open wooden frameworks and fabric coverings while later warplanes used metal tubing and stressed skin construction. Modern jets widely use semi-monocoque construction.
This document discusses safe driving practices for operating emergency vehicles. It notes that 15-20% of firefighter injuries and deaths are from vehicle collisions while responding to or returning from calls. The main causes of fire apparatus collisions are identified as improper backing, reckless public driving, excessive apparatus speed, lack of driver skill/experience, and poor vehicle design/maintenance. The document provides guidance on starting, driving, and operating emergency vehicles, with the overarching goals of safety and efficiency while responding to emergencies.
This chapter of the driver handbook discusses driving regulations and guidelines for aerial apparatus. It provides instructions on starting, driving, and shutting down both manual and automatic transmission vehicles. It addresses nonemergency travel, stopping, braking, and factors that influence the ability to stop. The chapter also covers skids and weight transfer, with objectives measuring driving skills. Auxiliary braking systems and the use of private vehicles are additionally outlined.
RENATA es una red académica creada por el Ministerio de Tecnología de la Información para promover la colaboración entre la comunidad académica y científica de Colombia con otras comunidades en el mundo. RENATA sirve para que la comunidad académica desarrolle proyectos de ciencia e innovación utilizando recursos virtuales y tecnologías avanzadas. Está integrada por siete redes académicas regionales y permite a la comunidad académica compartir información a través de video, conferencias y transmis
There are three main types of building construction classifications - Type I is the most fire resistant, Type II is nearly as resistant but allows for more interior fire spread, and Type III is ordinary construction. Building components like foundations, walls, floors, ceilings, and roofs are constructed in various ways and can impact fire spread and suppression in different ways, such as arched roofs posing risks to firefighters. It is important for firefighters to understand building construction and how components may affect fire behavior in order to safely and effectively fight fires.
This document provides an in-depth guide for using thermal imaging cameras for predictive maintenance inspections in industrial applications. It discusses how thermal imaging cameras work, their benefits over other temperature measurement tools, and various industrial applications where they can be used to detect electrical and mechanical issues. Examples of failures that can be found include overheated motors, connections, and bearings which indicate problems before costly breakdowns occur. The document aims to educate on properly using thermal imaging cameras to optimize maintenance programs.
This document covers chapter 16 on fire streams from a firefighter training manual. It discusses the properties of water and steam that make them effective extinguishing agents. It also explains the different types of fire stream nozzles, including smoothbore, fog, and broken stream nozzles. The key factors that determine fire stream patterns and effectiveness are also examined, such as water pressure, nozzle design, and distance from the target. Proper operation and maintenance of handline nozzles is emphasized.
- Firefighters use rope, webbing, and knots for hoisting tools and equipment, stabilizing objects, designating control zones, performing rescues, and escaping dangerous situations.
- Proper rope use requires understanding types of rope, their applications, and how to tie knots quickly. Ropes and webbing also require regular inspection, cleaning, maintenance, and storage to ensure readiness.
- Firefighters must know guidelines for hoisting safely as well as how to inspect, clean, maintain, store, and tie specific knots.
A Review of Water Management and Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Lower Middl...Declan Hearne
This paper will focus on a review of the challenges and opportunities for Water Manage-ment and Disaster Risk Reduction in post disaster environments in lower middle Income Countries . The review will draw on grass roots experience from both Indonesia and Philippines.
The paper will outline the cost effectiveness of proactive strategies that consider disaster risk reduction as an integrated component of water management (as strongly indicated in AusAID policy for DRR.)
From Indonesia the reviewed will focus on how SurfAid International has cut into a niche corporate sector to attract funds to support social and environmental services in post dis-aster environments. The paper will look at three programs implemented in parallel by SurfAid International building health wellbeing and self-reliance of remote island communi-ties. Efforts from IWRM projects in Davao will also be consider and how they have pro-duced unintended, but welcome, outcomes in build the resilience of upland communities. Opportunities for better integration between water management and DRR will then be pre-sented.
The Symposium main theme which aims "to identify business opportunities for water sec-tor to integrate into an expanding environmental services industries" will be tackled by looking at the challenges in funding and sustaining funding for water management in post disaster environments. We will review the increasing role of the philanthropy in supporting recovery from disasters and the need to shift from responsive to proactive strategies for disaster management. The paper will present how water management and DRR strategies are both compatible and necessary to enable sustainable development, particularly in dis-aster prone SE Asia.
Finally the paper will apply these lessons and project a vision of how HELP Basins could become a local catalyst, creating a demand for water knowledge services that guides wa-ter actors to be proactive in engage a full spectrum of stakeholders for a truly diversified water business environment that is focus on social, economic and environment outcomes.
- Loss control is an important component of fire department service delivery with the philosophy of minimizing secondary damage to structures and their contents during and after fire control operations.
- Salvage and overhaul operations are two of the most effective means of loss control.
- It is very important for fire personnel to identify and protect valuable contents in structures affected by fire as well as searching for hidden fires so rekindling does not occur.
- Portable fire extinguishers are classified based on the type of fuel that is burning and appropriate extinguishing agents are chosen accordingly. Common classifications include Class A for ordinary combustibles, Class B for flammable liquids, Class C for energized electrical fires, Class D for combustible metals, and Class K for cooking oils.
- Fire extinguishers are also rated based on their capabilities. Ratings identify the types of fires they can be used on as well as their relative sizes. Instruction and practice is needed to properly select, inspect, maintain, and operate portable fire extinguishers for controlling small fires.
This document discusses fire-resistant construction methods, focusing on concrete structures. It describes different types of concrete construction including cast-in-place, precast, reinforced, and prestressed concrete. It also discusses the use of concrete in floors, beams, columns, and other structural elements. Fire risks during construction are highlighted.
- Personal protective equipment (PPE) is designed to protect firefighters from hazards and includes respiratory equipment, protective clothing, and other safety gear.
- Respiratory equipment like self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) provides breathable air to firefighters and protects against toxic gases, while having limitations if not properly used and maintained.
- Donning and doffing PPE, inspecting equipment, and understanding safety precautions are essential for firefighters to be properly protected during emergency responses.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) worn by firefighters serves two main purposes: protection from hazards and isolation from hazards. It includes clothing, helmets, eye protection, respiratory protection and other gear. PPE has specific requirements according to standards like NFPA 1971. Proper care, use, inspection and maintenance of PPE is vital for firefighter safety. Respiratory protection equipment includes supplied air respirators like SCBA and air purifying respirators; SCBA is the standard for interior structural firefighting. Limitations exist for all PPE that require mitigation through training and other measures.
This document provides guidance on structural collapse management and rescue operations. It outlines procedures for various phases including pre-disaster avoidance of unengineered construction, in-disaster response, and post-disaster relief. Details are given on size-up, search and rescue stages, locating and extracting victims, safety considerations, hazards, and the roles of concerned authorities like the army, fire brigade, and NGOs in Bangladesh. Case studies from the 2005 Savar building collapse are also described.
This document discusses the principles and techniques of forcible entry for firefighters. It covers assessing entry points, the types of locks and doors that may be encountered, and how to safely force entry through doors, windows, walls, floors, and fences using various hand tools and power tools. Proper tool use, maintenance, and safety are emphasized. The goal of forcible entry is to gain access while doing minimal damage to the structure.
Basic Life Support & Automated External Defibrillation CourseRaymond Wong
This document provides an overview and objectives of a basic life support and automated external defibrillation course. It outlines the key steps in the chain of survival: approach safely, check response, shout for help, open airway, check breathing, call for help, perform 30 chest compressions and 2 rescue breaths. It then details how to perform chest compressions, rescue breaths, use an automated external defibrillator, and place an unconscious breathing victim in the recovery position.
The document describes questions from a biology exam about enzymes. It includes the following information:
- Question 1 asks about the enzyme involved in breaking down carbohydrates in the mouth, the role of chloride ions, and why this reaction does not continue in the stomach. It also asks about the enzyme, digestive juice, and product of maltose digestion elsewhere in the gut.
- Question 2 describes a graph showing the effect of substrate concentration on an enzyme's reaction rate. It asks about different parts of the graph shape.
- Question 3 presents features of the enzymes amylase and lactic dehydrogenase and asks whether each feature is correct or incorrect.
This document discusses bandaging wounds, including different types of dressings and bandages. It describes how to apply various bandages, such as roller bandages using spiral or figure-eight methods, and cravat bandages to the head, arm, leg, or hand. Proper bandaging helps control bleeding, prevents infection, absorbs drainage, protects the wound, and provides support. Signs of a bandage being too tight are also outlined.
Search and rescue operations involve locating and rescuing victims and require rescuers, tools appropriate for the situation, and timeliness as the chances of survival decrease significantly after the first few days. Effective search and rescue prioritizes the safety of rescuers, extracts lightly trapped victims first, and uses systematic search patterns. Ongoing evaluation of progress and the situation is critical to prevent harming rescuers and changing plans if needed.
This chapter discusses aircraft familiarization for aircraft rescue and firefighting personnel. It covers different types of aircraft including commercial, military, cargo, and general aviation. It describes major aircraft components like the fuselage, wings, engines, and tail. It also discusses different aircraft systems including fuel, hydraulic, electrical and auxiliary systems. The goal is for students to understand basic aircraft information and how it relates to aircraft rescue and firefighting operations.
The document discusses various aspects of airport planning and design, including:
1. It defines an aerodrome as any location where aircraft operations take place, and notes that airports satisfy additional criteria.
2. Airports are classified by organizations like ICAO based on runway length, width, and load capacity.
3. Aircraft characteristics like engine type, wings, and controls are described. Different types of engines include piston, turbojet, turboprop and rocket engines.
4. Components of an airplane like the fuselage, wings and the three primary flight controls (elevator, rudder, aileron) are explained.
This 15 slide presentation discusses aerial lift safety in construction. It provides statistics on deaths from aerial lifts from 1992-1999, with the majority from boom-supported lifts and falls, electrocutions, and tipovers. The presentation outlines causes of deaths for different types of lifts and trades involved. It discusses requirements for operator training, maintenance, pre-use inspections, and fall protection to help prevent injuries and fatalities when working with aerial lifts.
This document provides an outline for the first two weeks of a course on gas turbine engine testing and performance evaluation. It includes topics such as gas turbine history, the basic principles of how gas turbines work, the need for engine testing, types of tests conducted, test beds used, and performance parameters calculated. Key concepts covered are the Brayton cycle, thrust, specific fuel consumption, efficiency parameters, and endurance, bird strike, altitude, and icing tests. Reference materials and an assignment on engine specifications are also mentioned.
This document discusses air motors, which are power producing devices that use compressed air to provide high rotational speeds up to 25,000 rpm. There are two main types of air motors: reciprocating (piston type) and rotary (vane type). Reciprocating air motors use a piston-cylinder arrangement where compressed air admitted into the cylinder causes the piston to move linearly, producing rotational shaft work. Rotary air motors consist of a rotor with radial slots holding vanes, where compressed air enters and causes the rotor to rotate. Common applications of air motors include powering hand tools, mining equipment, woodworking machines, and for tasks like hammering, drilling and riveting.
LECTURE 1 - Introduction to Pneumatic and Hydraulic.pptxAbdulSyafiq2
The document provides an introduction to pneumatic and hydraulic systems. It discusses that pneumatic and hydraulic systems transmit power through gases and liquids, respectively. They are commonly used in industrial applications such as machine tools, metal presses, construction equipment, and vehicles. The document outlines the basic components of pneumatic and hydraulic systems such as pumps, cylinders, valves, and tanks. It also gives examples of how these systems are applied across various industries.
The document provides details about the fabrication of a wind tunnel. It discusses that a wind tunnel is used to study aerodynamic forces on objects by flowing air past stationary objects. It then describes the main components of a wind tunnel, which include an inlet/settling chamber to smooth airflow, a contraction section to accelerate air into the test section where experiments are conducted, and a diffuser to slow airflow after the test section.
Ankit ic engine pnumetic THREE AXIS MODERN TRAILERshailesh yadav
This document describes a pneumatic three-axis modern trailer system. It includes an introduction describing pneumatics and trailers. It then discusses the objectives of automating vehicles for safety, efficiency and reducing workload. It provides definitions of pneumatics and lists the system components. Diagrams show the circuit and components. The working principle is explained where compressed air is used to power double acting cylinders to lift the trailer. Advantages include easy maintenance and no manual power required, while disadvantages include higher initial costs. Applications include hydraulic and pneumatic equipment.
Sh RK Saxena 25. 11.2022 MOBILE BRIDGE INSPECTION UNIT.pptxChunaramChoudhary1
Mobile bridge inspection units come in two types - cage type and platform type - and are used to inspect bridges that cannot be reached through normal means. A platform type unit operates using hydraulics and consists of a truck with a lifting tower, rotating frame, telescopic platform and lift arrangement to access all areas of the bridge safely. It can inspect bridges up to 12 meters wide while staying within weight limits. Precautions like following manuals and prioritizing safety are important when using these units.
Aerospace technologies the technicalities involvedAaronIdicula1
The document summarizes key concepts in aerospace technologies. It discusses major contributors to the field like the Wright Brothers, Goddard, and others. It then explains basic components of aircraft like wings, engines, and control surfaces. It describes different types of propulsion systems including turboprops, turbojets, and ramjets. It also discusses multi-stage and liquid-fueled rockets. In summary, the document provides an overview of aerospace technologies, contributions to the field, and basic technical components of aircraft and rockets.
This document provides an overview of elements of aeronautics including aircraft components, types of wings, sweep wings, and aircraft historical records. It then discusses gas turbine engines including their basic components and operations. Specific engine types are described like turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft. Methods of thrust augmentation and factors affecting thrust are also summarized. The document concludes with advantages and disadvantages of gas turbine engines.
A lift or elevator is an appliance to transport men or material two or more floors in
a vertical direction by means of a guided car or platform. The necessity of lifts in
multi storied buildings has been so well recognized that no multi storied building
is planned without proper provision for lifts.
This slide show is about some basics knowledge of drone and its types , principles, technology bases, it tell about drone , then their their function . what are drone and the their uses in technology and engineering field , the ppt was used in a university drone club presentation contest .All so it tell lot about the aerodynamics of drones. Drones now have many functions, ranging from monitoring climate change to carrying out search operations after natural disasters, photography, filming, and delivering goods. But their most well-known and controversial use is by the military for reconnaissance, surveillance and targeted attacks.
This document summarizes Sanjay Kumar's research proposal on controlling and fabricating materials for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It outlines the presentation, including an introduction to UAV quadcopters, their literature review and observations, work done, proposed research, potential publications, and future plans. The introduction defines quadcopters as small UAVs with four rotors that can perform various tasks independently through control of rotor speeds and directions. The methodology section notes basic design considerations like thrust, drag, lift and weight, as well as software used.
This document summarizes the conceptual design of a two-seat electrically powered aircraft. It outlines the project goals of researching, designing, and presenting a concept for such an aircraft. Key aspects of the design process are discussed, including comparing the conceptual aircraft to the Cessna 152, developing 12 initial concepts down to one for further design, estimating performance metrics through multiple design iterations, and selecting components like the battery. The final conceptual design is presented, with details on its expected performance, safety, and manufacturability.
This presentation summarizes information about blowers and fans. It defines fans and blowers, describes common types like axial and centrifugal fans. It covers topics like fan components, system resistance, fan curves, and operating points. Metrics for comparing fan performance like peak efficiency and pressure rise are defined. Strategies for improving energy efficiency are outlined, including selecting the right fan size, reducing system resistance, and operating near the best efficiency point. The importance of regular maintenance is also emphasized.
This technical paper presentation provides an overview of helicopter aerodynamics. Key topics covered include airfoils, rotary wing platforms, relative wind, angle of attack, total aerodynamic force, and factors that influence lift such as speed, area, angle of attack, and air density. The presentation defines important aerodynamic terms and illustrates concepts like induced flow and how it modifies the relative wind experienced by rotor blades in hover and forward flight.
This document discusses sustainable construction techniques used for the Hyderabad Metro Rail project in India. It focuses on the use of precast segmental construction methods for the viaduct that reduced disturbance to traffic during construction. Over 99,000 precast concrete segments were produced in two large casting yards and erected using various launching girder techniques, including hinged, movable winch, underslung, balanced cantilever, cantilever, and continuous span methods. This allowed for the fast, flexible, and high quality construction of the 71 kilometer elevated viaduct structure with 66 stations.
This document provides information on the maintenance schedules and processes for Indian Railways coaches. It discusses:
1) The different maintenance schedules for coaches including washing line (after every trip), schedule A/B/C maintenance (ranging from monthly to every 6 months), and IOH/POH (every 9 and 18 months).
2) The classification of coaching maintenance depots based on the number of coaches maintained ranging from minor (50-100 coaches) to major (above 250 coaches).
3) The various works carried out in the washing line and sick line, including inspection, cleaning, brake testing, maintenance works, and loading of provisions.
4) Additional details on wheel and axle assembly specifications
Odyssey Charter School is a K-6 school located in Salt Lake City, Utah with approximately 530 students and 24-30 teachers. The two-story building has a main entrance on the north side and contains classrooms, offices, a lunchroom, elevator, electrical panels, alarm system, and other facilities. In the event of an emergency, the evacuation plan is to have all students and staff evacuate the building within 2 minutes and 51 seconds to meet at the south open field, with alternate plans if needed.
The American Fork City Library is a two-story Type III construction building with a basement. It has two interior staircases and smoke detectors but no roof access. The main gas valve is on the west side and the electrical panel is in the basement. The building has manual fire suppression, detection, and alarm systems. Hazards include basement doors with limited access. Incident objectives are to ensure safety of occupants and personnel, property conservation, and early request of additional resources.
This chapter of the driver handbook discusses driving regulations and guidelines for aerial apparatus. It addresses starting and driving both manual and automatic transmission vehicles, as well as nonemergency travel. Guidelines are provided for stopping, idling, and shutting down the vehicle. Braking, skids, and auxiliary braking systems are discussed. Weight transfer and driving in adverse conditions are also covered, along with clearing traffic and tiller operators.
This chapter discusses inspection, maintenance, and testing procedures for aerial fire apparatus. It describes the importance of establishing a systematic maintenance program to dictate responsibilities. Proper procedures are outlined for inspecting and cleaning both the interior and exterior of the apparatus. The chapter also provides detailed guidance on performing walk-around, in-cab, and engine compartment inspections. Finally, it discusses various testing methods for aerial devices, including visual, operational, load, and nondestructive inspections.
This document provides an overview of principles of orthopaedic care for medical professionals. It describes different types of orthopaedic injuries like fractures, dislocations, and subluxations. It also reviews fracture classifications, open injury grading systems, assessment of orthopaedic injuries, treatment modalities, and critical injuries that can occur during transport. The document aims to help medical providers properly assess and treat orthopaedic issues to minimize long-term disability and maximize patient comfort. It highlights some injuries like pelvic fractures that can lead to major blood loss and discusses approaches to time-sensitive orthopaedic emergencies.
Module 8 tactical use of air monitors, american fork fire rescuejhendrickson1983
This document discusses the use of air monitoring devices and risk-based response in hazardous materials incidents. It describes how monitors can be used to characterize unknown materials into categories of fire, toxic, corrosive, or radioactive risk and guide response decisions around personal protective equipment, isolation zones, and evacuation areas. Flowcharts are provided to help responders systematically characterize unknown liquids, gases, and solids using available detection tools and sampling strategies. Regular practice with monitors is recommended to improve skills in interpreting readings and applying a risk-based approach.
Module 7 radiation detection, american fork fire rescuejhendrickson1983
This document discusses radiation sources, types of radiation, and radiation detection devices for emergency responders. It identifies common radiation sources, describes how radiation can impact humans, and defines key radiation measurement terms like absorbed dose, equivalent dose, and half-life. The document outlines different types of radiation detectors including Geiger-Mueller tubes, scintillation crystals, and gamma spectroscopy devices. It stresses that responders need training to understand radiation monitoring and detection to safely respond to potential radiation incidents.
Module 6 colormetric sampling, american fork fire rescuejhendrickson1983
This document describes colorimetric sampling and detection methods. Colorimetric tubes use a chemical reaction to detect gases and vapors, identifying known materials by their concentration level and narrowing down unidentified materials by chemical family. Both individual tubes and multi-tube systems can be used to efficiently sample unknown environments. Proper interpretation requires understanding instructions, cross-sensitivities, and factors like temperature, humidity and pump strokes. Colorimetric sampling provides semi-quantitative analysis to identify contaminants when used correctly.
Module 5 radiation detection, american fork fire rescuejhendrickson1983
This document discusses radiation sources, types of radiation, and radiation detection devices for emergency responders. It identifies common radiation sources, describes how radiation can impact humans, and defines key radiation measurement terms like absorbed dose, equivalent dose, and half-life. The document outlines different types of radiation detectors including Geiger-Mueller tubes, scintillation crystals, and gamma spectroscopy devices. It stresses that responders need training to safely monitor for and identify radiation during emergency events.
Module 4 ionzing detection units, american fork fire rescuejhendrickson1983
This document discusses photoionization detectors (PIDs) which are commonly used to detect toxic gases. It describes how PIDs work by using an ultraviolet lamp to ionize gas molecules, producing a change in electrical activity that is measured. Different types of lamps can ionize different gases. PIDs are useful because they can detect a wide range of organic and some inorganic gases down to low parts-per-million concentrations, but do not identify the specific gas. The document outlines advantages and limitations of PIDs, such as sensitivity levels and effects of humidity, particulates or gas mixtures on readings.
Module 3 flammable gas detection, american fork fire rescuejhendrickson1983
This document describes lower explosive limit (LEL) gas sensors and their readings. It discusses that most LEL sensors are calibrated to methane or pentane and read measurements up to the LEL level. Beyond the LEL there is a fire hazard. It also describes the advantages and disadvantages of different sensor types, including wheatstone bridge sensors, catalytic bead sensors, and metal oxide sensors. Understanding how LEL sensors work and interpreting their readings is important for safety in identifying flammable gas risks.
Module 2 identifying corrosives, american fork fire rescuejhendrickson1983
This document discusses methods for identifying corrosive materials and their risks. It describes how pH paper is a dependable tool for first responders to use to detect corrosives, as corrosives can harm humans and electronics. The document outlines that the pH scale ranges from 0-14, with acids having a pH below 7 and bases above 7. Concentrated corrosives and those with pH outside the range of 2-11 pose significant risk and require dilution. pH paper can determine if vapors in the air are corrosive and detect concentrations as low as 1 ppm.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
11. • Platform leveling system
• Minimum floor area of 14 square feet
(1.3 m2
)
• Rail completely enclosing floor area
with no opening under railing greater
than 24 inches (610 mm)
• Two gates below top railing
Elevating Platform
Requirements
(Continued)
3–11
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
12. • Kickplate at floor level (4 inches [100
mms] high)
• Drain openings
• Two operator control stations
• Backup hydraulic system
• Heat protective shield
Elevating Platform
Requirements
(Continued)
3–12
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
13. • Protective water fog curtain nozzle
flowing at least 75 gpm (284 L/min)
• Load capacity of 750 pounds (340 kg)
when device is fully extended
• Load capacity of 500 pounds (227 kg)
when water delivery system is charged
Elevating Platform
Requirements
(Continued)
3–13
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
14. • Water delivery system capable of
discharging at least 1,000 gpm (3 785
L/min) when aerial is in any position
• Platforms 110 feet (34 m) or shorter
should be raised to maximum elevation
and extension and rotated 90 degrees
in 150 seconds or less
Elevating Platform
Requirements
3–14
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
16. • Similar to aerial ladder apparatus
except that a working platform is
attached to end of aerial ladder
• Combine safe work area with safe,
climbable aerial ladder
• Commonly range in size from 85 to 100
feet (26 m to 34 m)
Aerial Ladder Platforms
(Continued)
3–16
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
19. DISCUSSION QUESTION
What is the main difference between
an aerial ladder platform and a
telescoping aerial platform?
3–19
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
20. • Equipped with small ladder attached to
boom
• Sizes range from
75 to 100 feet
(23 m to 30 m)
Telescoping Aerial Platforms
(Continued)
3–20
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Courtesy of Ron Jeffers
21. • Two or more sections and are made of
box-beam construction or tubular truss-
beam construction
Telescoping Aerial Platforms
3–21
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
24. • Boom sections connected by hinge; fold
and unfold like an elbow
• Benefit — Platform can go “up and
over”
• Range in height 55 to 85 feet (17 m to
26 m)
• Combination devices
Articulating Aerial Platforms
3–24
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
27. • Telescoping or articulating devices
Water Towers
(Continued)
3–27
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Courtesy of Ron Jeffers
Courtesy of Joel Woods, Maryland Fire and Rescue institute
28. • Movement of water and control of fire
stream remotely controlled by
driver/operator from ground level
• Fire streams deployed at a range of
elevations from horizontal to 90
degrees from ground
Water Towers
(Continued)
3–28
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
29. • Sizes range from 50 to 130 feet (15 m
to 40 m)
• Capable of maximum flows ranging
from 1,000 to 5,000 gpm (4 000 L/min
to 20 000 L/min)
• May be equipped with ladders
Water Towers
3–29
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
30. Describe the features and functions of a
quint.
Learning Objective 4
3–30
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
32. Criteria for a Quint
3–32
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
33. • Various sizes
• Reasons for
equipping aerial
apparatus with
pumps
Quint
3–33
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
34. Identify the primary features of aerial
devices.
Learning Objective 5
3–34
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
35. • Must be constructed to perform safely
and properly under a wide variety of fire
and rescue emergencies
Ladder
3–35
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
36. • Used to create beams of ladder
• Bars or rods that form rigid framework
• Constructed by several methods and
several materials
• Triangles add strength
• Permit tension and compression
Ladder Trusses
(Continued)
3–36
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
45. • Provide power for operating various
hydraulic components needed to
stabilize apparatus
and operate
aerial device
Aerial Device Hydraulic
Systems
3–45
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
46. • Medium by which system transmits
force
Hydraulic Fluid
3–46
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
47. • Creates force on hydraulic fluid
• Powered by a power-take-off (PTO)
• May be rotary vane or rotary gear
positive-displacement
Hydraulic Pump
3–47
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
48. • Supplies hydraulic fluid
• Displaced fluid flows back into reservoir
• Supplies adequate amount of fluid
• Supplemented by filters and exchange-
type oil coolers
Hydraulic Reservoir
3–48
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
49. • Supply hydraulic fluid
• Steel tubing and aircraft-type, steel-
braided hose
Tubing and Hoses
3–49
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
50. • Control flow of hydraulic fluid
• Start, stop, regulate, and direct flow of
fluid
• Controlled manually, electrically,
hydraulically, mechanically, or by
combination
Valves
(Continued)
3–50
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
62. • Usually stand about 3½ feet (1.07 m)
high
• Positioned on turntable
• NFPA®
1901 requires a control station in
platforms
• Sloping panel
• Elevation, extension, and rotation lever
controls
Control Pedestals
3–62
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
63. DISCUSSION QUESTION
How are the control levers
positioned on the pedestal?
3–63
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
64. • Engine speed switch
• Light switch
• Hydraulic oil pressure gauge
• Hydraulic oil temperature gauge
• Extension indicators
• Stop and lock controls
• Rung alignment indicator
Other Controls and Instruments
(Continued)
3–64
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
68. • Bed ladder systems
• Telescoping waterway systems
• Detachable ladder pipe systems
Pre-Piped Aerial
Ladder Waterway
3–68
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
69. • Nontelescoping section of pipe
• Usually 3 or 3½ inches (76 or 90 mm)
diameter
• Attached underside of bed section
• Master stream nozzle attached to end
of pipe
• Solid stream nozzles
Bed Ladder Systems
(Continued)
3–69
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
70. • Manually operated nozzles operated
from tip of retracted aerial device or
from the ground or turntable through the
use of rope
• Gear-operated mechanism for raising
and lowering fire stream
Bed Ladder Systems
(Continued)
3–70
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
72. • Extend toward top of ladder
• Consist of three or four sections that
reduce in diameter
• Minimum internal diameter — 4 inches
(100 mm)
• Bottom end of piping connected to
additional piping through turntable
Telescoping Waterway Systems
(Continued)
3–72
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
73. • Swivel joint allows 360 degree rotation
while flowing water
• Remote controlled fog nozzles operated
by switches located near tip of fly
section
Telescoping Waterway Systems
(Continued)
3–73
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
75. • For aerials not equipped with pre-piped
waterway systems
• Stored on truck
• Attached only when needed
• Main components
• Designed to be clamped to top two
rungs of fly section
Detachable Ladder Pipe
Systems
3–75
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
76. • Equipped with solid stream or fog
nozzle
• Controlled at tip of ladder by firefighter
• Limited to flows of less than 750 gpm (3
000 L/min)
• Supplied by single 3- or 3½-inch (77
mm or 90 mm) hoseline
Detachable Ladder Pipe
Systems
3–76
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
77. • Subject to excessive side twist due to
backward thrust of solid or fog master
stream
• Should not be operated from aerial
positioned at 90 degree angle or
vertical position
Detachable Ladder Pipe
Systems
3–77
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
78. DISCUSSION QUESTION
At what degree should the ladder be
placed to ensure the safest service
and optimal stream penetration of a
detachable ladder pipe?
3–78
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
79. • Similar to pre-piped ladder systems;
difference - nozzle is located in platform
• Larger than aerial ladders due to
greater load capacities of platforms
• Safer than aerial ladders
• Two nozzles
• Discharge
Elevating Platform
Waterway Systems
3–79
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
80. • Designed specifically for deployment of
elevated master streams
• Control of motion and nozzle from
control panel
• Water most often comes from
apparatus pump
• Equipped with number of options
Water Tower Systems
3–80
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
82. • Used for firefighters at tip to
communicate with driver/operator at
turntable control station
• Consist of “hands-free”
transmitter/receiver at tip of ladder in
elevating platform and second
transmitter/receiver at turntable
Communication Systems
(Continued)
3–82
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
83. • Have not always been required
• Required by NFPA®
1901
Communication Systems
3–83
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Photo by Ted Boothroyd
85. • Allow one or more firefighters operating
at tip to breath clean air without need to
don SCBA
• Components
• Not required by NFPA®
1901, does
contain requirements
Breathing Air Systems
3–85
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
87. • Power floodlights
and other electrical
tools & equipment
• Portable generators
• Vehicle-mounted
generators
Electric Power
Generation Equipment
3–87
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Photo by Pat McAuliff
88. • Portable lights
• Fixed lights
Scene Lighting
3–88
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Photo by Pat McAuliff
Photo by Pat McAuliff
89. • Electrical power cords
• Junction boxes
• Adapters
Power Distribution Equipment
3–89
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
Photo by Pat McAuliff
Photo by Ted Boothroyd
Photo by Ted Boothroyd
91. DISCUSSION QUESTION
What are the most common types of
hydraulic powered tools?
3–91
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
92. • Primary tools used in extrication
situations
• Receive power from hydraulic fluid
supplied hoses from a pump
Hydraulic Extrication
Tool Systems
3–92
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
93. Describe the portable equipment
carried on aerial apparatus.
Learning Objective 11
3–93
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
94. • Used when aerial ladder can’t reach,
additional ladders are needed, or only
ground ladders are needed
• Include — Attic, roof, and extension
ladders
• Extension ladder 40 feet (12 m) or
longer
Ground Ladders
3–94
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
102. Summary
• It is important that aerial apparatus
driver/operators understand the various
varieties of apparatus they may be
required to operate.
• The aerial apparatus driver/operator
should be familiar with the entire
apparatus and its operation.
(Continued)
3–102
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
103. • The driver/operator should know his/her
equipment, its proper operation, and
regular equipment maintenance based
on manufacturer’s recommendations.
Summary
3–103
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
104. Review Questions
1. What are the main uses of
aerial ladders?
2. How do aerial ladder platforms
operate?
3. What is a water tower?
(Continued)
3–104
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
105. Review Questions
4. To what three main portions of
an aerial ladder do firefighters and
driver/operators commonly refer?
5. What is the purpose of an
auxiliary hydraulic pump?
6. What controls and instruments may
be located on the control pedestal?
(Continued)
3–105
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator
106. 7. What is the purpose of a fixed
breathing air system?
8. What advantages and disadvantages
are presented by inverters?
9. What ventilation equipment may be
required on an aerial apparatus?
Review Questions
3–106
Aerial Apparatus Driver/Operator