The new architecture is proposed for data intensive enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks
Offers a Lambda scheduling service over Lambda Grids
Supports both on-demand and scheduled data retrieval
Supports bulk data-transfer facilities using lambda-switched networks
Provides a generalized framework for high performance applications over next generation networks, not necessary optical end-to-end
Supports out-of-band tools for adaptive placement of data replicas
A Platform for Data Intensive Services Enabled by Next Generation Dynamic Opt...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
The new architecture is proposed for data intensive enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks
Encapsulates “optical network resources” into a service framework to support dynamically provisioned and advanced data-intensive transport services
Provides a generalized framework for high performance applications over next generation networks, not necessary optical end-to-end
Supports both on-demand and scheduled data retrieval
Supports a meshed wavelength switched network capable of establishing an end-to-end lightpath in seconds
Supports bulk data-transfer facilities using lambda-switched networks
Supports out-of-band tools for adaptive placement of data replicas
Offers network resources as Grid services for Grid computing
DWDM-RAM:Enabling Grid Services with Dynamic Optical NetworksTal Lavian Ph.D.
Packet-switching technology
Great solution for small-burst communication, such as email, telnet, etc.
Data-intensive grid applications
Involves moving massive amounts of data
Requires high and sustained bandwidth
DWDM
Basically circuit switching
Enable QoS at the Physical Layer
Provide
High bandwidth
Sustained bandwidth
DWDM based on dynamic wavelength switching
Enable dedicated optical paths to be allocated dynamically
Introduction
Background
WSN Design Issues: MAC Protocols, Routing Protocols, Transport Protocols
Performance Modeling of WSNs: Performance Metrics, Basic Models, Network Models
Case Study: Simple Computation of the System Life Span
Practical Example.
A Platform for Data Intensive Services Enabled by Next Generation Dynamic Opt...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
The new architecture is proposed for data intensive enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks
Encapsulates “optical network resources” into a service framework to support dynamically provisioned and advanced data-intensive transport services
Provides a generalized framework for high performance applications over next generation networks, not necessary optical end-to-end
Supports both on-demand and scheduled data retrieval
Supports a meshed wavelength switched network capable of establishing an end-to-end lightpath in seconds
Supports bulk data-transfer facilities using lambda-switched networks
Supports out-of-band tools for adaptive placement of data replicas
Offers network resources as Grid services for Grid computing
DWDM-RAM:Enabling Grid Services with Dynamic Optical NetworksTal Lavian Ph.D.
Packet-switching technology
Great solution for small-burst communication, such as email, telnet, etc.
Data-intensive grid applications
Involves moving massive amounts of data
Requires high and sustained bandwidth
DWDM
Basically circuit switching
Enable QoS at the Physical Layer
Provide
High bandwidth
Sustained bandwidth
DWDM based on dynamic wavelength switching
Enable dedicated optical paths to be allocated dynamically
Introduction
Background
WSN Design Issues: MAC Protocols, Routing Protocols, Transport Protocols
Performance Modeling of WSNs: Performance Metrics, Basic Models, Network Models
Case Study: Simple Computation of the System Life Span
Practical Example.
DWDM-RAM: DARPA-Sponsored Research for Data Intensive Service-on-Demand Advan...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
DWDM-RAM - An architecture for data intensive
Grids enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks, incorporating new methods for lightpath provisioning.
Dynamic Lightpath Provisioning Services
Optical Dynamic Intelligent Networking (ODIN)
OGSA/OGSI compliant
Receives requests from middleware services
Knowledgeable about optical network resources
Provides dynamic lightpath provisioning
Communicates to optical network protocol layer
Precise wavelength control
Intradomain as well as interdomain
Contains mechanisms for extending lightpaths through
E-Paths - electronic paths
Review Paper on 802.11ax Scheduling and Resource Allocationijtsrd
Nowadays a fast remote Internet association is a need as opposed to a luxury. IEEE 802.11ax could be a revolution to present an improvement over this age of 802.11. 802.11ax has been accepted to convey next generation Wireless Local Area Network WLAN techniques. 802.11ax using multiple techniques as using modulation 1024 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QAM , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access OFDMA , robust high efficiency signaling for better operation at a significantly lower Received Signal Strength Indication RSSI , Target Wakeup Time TWT where the station can request to wake up at any time in the future and more. 802.11ax achieves multiple benefits as enabling a more than 35 speed burst, reduce overhead and latency, and more. This paper gives a review of the IEEE 802.11ax resource allocation scheduling in both 1 Downlink DL data transfer 2 Uplink UL data transfer. Ibrahim Masri | Erdal Erdal | Atilla Ergüzen "Review Paper on 802.11ax Scheduling and Resource Allocation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38162.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/38162/review-paper-on-80211ax-scheduling-and-resource-allocation/ibrahim-masri
This ppt describes about the Different protocols of Ad-Hoc Network .It is a pure survey report which will make clarification about each protocols used in ad-hoc network and helps to future generation to make more publishing of recent trends of ad-hoc networks.
Routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks have to
face the challenge of frequently changing topology, low
transmission power and asymmetric links. Both
proactive and reactive routing protocols prove to be
inefficient under these circumstances. The Zone Routing
Protocol (ZRP) combines the advantages of the proactive
and reactive approaches by maintaining an up-to-date
topological map of a zone centered on each node. Within
the zone, routes are immediately available. For
destinations outside the zone, ZRP employs a route
discovery procedure, which can benefit from the local
routing information of the zones.
LTE Advanced Pro and M2M software development capabilitiesYaroslav Domaratsky
The team has 20+ years proven track record in automotive, embedded, wireless communication, applications and services SW development. 50M+ devices sold worldwide. Now we are looking for new project opportunities.
The presentation describes the team experience in LTE advanced Pro and M2M software development areas.
Discussing the Industrial Internet and the crucial role that low-power wireless sensor networks will play to gather these vast amounts of data. Describing how existing industrial wireless technologies must be extended to reach higher scales at lower costs (albeit, with lower guarantees), and the architectural approach and standards that are being developed at 6TiSCH, which encompasses work at IETF, IEEE, and industrial standard bodies.
COMPARISON OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORK WITH MEDICAL DATA Zakaria Zubi
Ad Hoc wireless network that without any central controlling authority, which is a collection of mobile nodes that are dynamically and arbitrarily located in such a manner that the interconnections between nodes are capable of changing on a continual basis, so nodes cooperate to route a packet.
The purpose of the routing protocols is to discover rapid changes of the topology in such a way that intermediate nodes can act as routers to forward packets on behalf of the communicating pair .
TRUST BASED ROUTING METRIC FOR RPL ROUTING PROTOCOL IN THE INTERNET OF THINGSpijans
While smart factories are becoming widely recognized as a fundamental concept of Industry 4.0, their implementation has posed several challenges insofar that they generate and process vast amounts of security critical and privacy sensitive data, in addition to the fact that they deploy IoT heterogeneous and constrained devices communicating with each other and being accessed ubiquitously through lossy networks. In this scenario, the routing of data is a specific area of concern especially with the inherent constraints and limiting properties of such devices like processing resources, memory capacity and battery life. To suit these constraints and to provide the required connectivity, the IETF has developed several standards, among them the RPL routing protocol for Low powerand Lossy Networks (LLNs). However, and even though RPL provides support for integrity and confidentiality of messages, its security may be compromised by several threats and attacks. We propose in this work TRM-RPL, a Trust based Routing Metric for the RPL protocol in an IIoT based environments. TRM-RPL uses a trust management mechanism to detect malicious behaviors and resist routing attacks while providing QoS guarantees. In addition, our model addresses both node and link trust and follows a multidimensional approach to enable
an accurate trust assessment for IoT entities. TRM-RPL is implemented, successfully tested and compared with the standard RPL protocol where its effectiveniness and resilience to attacks has been proved to be better.
At the Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers Expo 2014, Andy Smith of Juniper Networks presented Juniper’s vision and architecture for a cable oriented packet optical core and metro transport system. Access insights and network diagrams in his presentation and learn more in his blog post: http://juni.pr/1rwapCG.
ASON – Automatically Switched Optical Networks
Dynamically switch the light path
Enabler for many applications
Controlled by UNI and NNI – Allow applications to set the light path
Allow to add the intelligence into the optical core
ASON:
The Automatic Switched Optical Network (ASON) is both a framework and a technology capability.
As a framework that describes a control and management architecture for an automatic switched optical transport network.
As a technology, it refers to routing and signalling protocols applied to an optical network which enable dynamic path setup.
Recently changed names to Automatic Switched Transport Network (G.ASTN)
The Future of Big Data Transport - ADVA Optical Networking, Juniper Networks ...ADVA
Check out these slides on our OpenFlow demonstration at SC13 with Juniper Networks and University of Michigan, which clearly defines the future of big data transport. the demo reveals how research and education organizations can efficiently scale their networks to effectively transport multiple petabytes of data - something that is critical to collaborative scientific research.
DWDM-RAM: DARPA-Sponsored Research for Data Intensive Service-on-Demand Advan...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
DWDM-RAM - An architecture for data intensive
Grids enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks, incorporating new methods for lightpath provisioning.
Dynamic Lightpath Provisioning Services
Optical Dynamic Intelligent Networking (ODIN)
OGSA/OGSI compliant
Receives requests from middleware services
Knowledgeable about optical network resources
Provides dynamic lightpath provisioning
Communicates to optical network protocol layer
Precise wavelength control
Intradomain as well as interdomain
Contains mechanisms for extending lightpaths through
E-Paths - electronic paths
Review Paper on 802.11ax Scheduling and Resource Allocationijtsrd
Nowadays a fast remote Internet association is a need as opposed to a luxury. IEEE 802.11ax could be a revolution to present an improvement over this age of 802.11. 802.11ax has been accepted to convey next generation Wireless Local Area Network WLAN techniques. 802.11ax using multiple techniques as using modulation 1024 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QAM , Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access OFDMA , robust high efficiency signaling for better operation at a significantly lower Received Signal Strength Indication RSSI , Target Wakeup Time TWT where the station can request to wake up at any time in the future and more. 802.11ax achieves multiple benefits as enabling a more than 35 speed burst, reduce overhead and latency, and more. This paper gives a review of the IEEE 802.11ax resource allocation scheduling in both 1 Downlink DL data transfer 2 Uplink UL data transfer. Ibrahim Masri | Erdal Erdal | Atilla Ergüzen "Review Paper on 802.11ax Scheduling and Resource Allocation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38162.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/38162/review-paper-on-80211ax-scheduling-and-resource-allocation/ibrahim-masri
This ppt describes about the Different protocols of Ad-Hoc Network .It is a pure survey report which will make clarification about each protocols used in ad-hoc network and helps to future generation to make more publishing of recent trends of ad-hoc networks.
Routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks have to
face the challenge of frequently changing topology, low
transmission power and asymmetric links. Both
proactive and reactive routing protocols prove to be
inefficient under these circumstances. The Zone Routing
Protocol (ZRP) combines the advantages of the proactive
and reactive approaches by maintaining an up-to-date
topological map of a zone centered on each node. Within
the zone, routes are immediately available. For
destinations outside the zone, ZRP employs a route
discovery procedure, which can benefit from the local
routing information of the zones.
LTE Advanced Pro and M2M software development capabilitiesYaroslav Domaratsky
The team has 20+ years proven track record in automotive, embedded, wireless communication, applications and services SW development. 50M+ devices sold worldwide. Now we are looking for new project opportunities.
The presentation describes the team experience in LTE advanced Pro and M2M software development areas.
Discussing the Industrial Internet and the crucial role that low-power wireless sensor networks will play to gather these vast amounts of data. Describing how existing industrial wireless technologies must be extended to reach higher scales at lower costs (albeit, with lower guarantees), and the architectural approach and standards that are being developed at 6TiSCH, which encompasses work at IETF, IEEE, and industrial standard bodies.
COMPARISON OF ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORK WITH MEDICAL DATA Zakaria Zubi
Ad Hoc wireless network that without any central controlling authority, which is a collection of mobile nodes that are dynamically and arbitrarily located in such a manner that the interconnections between nodes are capable of changing on a continual basis, so nodes cooperate to route a packet.
The purpose of the routing protocols is to discover rapid changes of the topology in such a way that intermediate nodes can act as routers to forward packets on behalf of the communicating pair .
TRUST BASED ROUTING METRIC FOR RPL ROUTING PROTOCOL IN THE INTERNET OF THINGSpijans
While smart factories are becoming widely recognized as a fundamental concept of Industry 4.0, their implementation has posed several challenges insofar that they generate and process vast amounts of security critical and privacy sensitive data, in addition to the fact that they deploy IoT heterogeneous and constrained devices communicating with each other and being accessed ubiquitously through lossy networks. In this scenario, the routing of data is a specific area of concern especially with the inherent constraints and limiting properties of such devices like processing resources, memory capacity and battery life. To suit these constraints and to provide the required connectivity, the IETF has developed several standards, among them the RPL routing protocol for Low powerand Lossy Networks (LLNs). However, and even though RPL provides support for integrity and confidentiality of messages, its security may be compromised by several threats and attacks. We propose in this work TRM-RPL, a Trust based Routing Metric for the RPL protocol in an IIoT based environments. TRM-RPL uses a trust management mechanism to detect malicious behaviors and resist routing attacks while providing QoS guarantees. In addition, our model addresses both node and link trust and follows a multidimensional approach to enable
an accurate trust assessment for IoT entities. TRM-RPL is implemented, successfully tested and compared with the standard RPL protocol where its effectiveniness and resilience to attacks has been proved to be better.
At the Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers Expo 2014, Andy Smith of Juniper Networks presented Juniper’s vision and architecture for a cable oriented packet optical core and metro transport system. Access insights and network diagrams in his presentation and learn more in his blog post: http://juni.pr/1rwapCG.
ASON – Automatically Switched Optical Networks
Dynamically switch the light path
Enabler for many applications
Controlled by UNI and NNI – Allow applications to set the light path
Allow to add the intelligence into the optical core
ASON:
The Automatic Switched Optical Network (ASON) is both a framework and a technology capability.
As a framework that describes a control and management architecture for an automatic switched optical transport network.
As a technology, it refers to routing and signalling protocols applied to an optical network which enable dynamic path setup.
Recently changed names to Automatic Switched Transport Network (G.ASTN)
The Future of Big Data Transport - ADVA Optical Networking, Juniper Networks ...ADVA
Check out these slides on our OpenFlow demonstration at SC13 with Juniper Networks and University of Michigan, which clearly defines the future of big data transport. the demo reveals how research and education organizations can efficiently scale their networks to effectively transport multiple petabytes of data - something that is critical to collaborative scientific research.
Next Generation Optical Networking: Software-Defined Optical NetworkingADVA
Check out Stephan Rettenberger’s presentation from the Next Generation Optical Networking Conference in Monaco. It's all about Software Defined Optical Networking.
Benefits of multi layer bandwidth management in next generation core optical ...Anuj Malik
OFC 2013 Presentation
This preso evaluates multi-layer switching architecture vs. all-optical and all-digital switching architectures. Further, the value of incorporating super-channels is evaluated to determine benefit. A real world network model is utilized to quantify and compare results.
Method and apparatus for preconditioning data to be transferred on a switched...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
Data may be preconditioned to be transferred on a switched underlay network to alleviate the data access and transfer rate mismatch, so that large files may be effectively transferred on the network at optical networking speeds. A data meta-manager service may be provided on the network to interface a data source and/or data target to prepare a data file for transmission, such as by dividing a large file into multiple pieces and causing those pieces to be stored on multiple storage subsystems. The file may then be read from the multiple storage subsystems simultaneously and multiplexed onto scheduled resources on the network. This enables the high bandwidth transfer resource to be filled by a data transfer without requiring the storage subsystem to be augmented to output the data at the network transfer rate. The file may be de-multiplexed at the data target to one or more storage subsystems.
https://www.google.com/patents/US20050076173?dq=20050076173&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2eJVVJShKdPbuQSjsIDoAQ&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA
4 TeraGrid Sites Have Focal Points:
SDSC – The Data Place
Large-scale and high-performance data analysis/handling
Every Cluster Node is Directly Attached to SAN
NCSA – The Compute Place
Large-scale, Large Flops computation
Argonne – The Viz place
Scalable Viz walls
Caltech – The Applications place
Data and flops for applications – Especially some of the GriPhyN Apps
Specific machine configurations reflect this
Systems and methods for electronic communicationsTal Lavian Ph.D.
Embodiments of the invention provide a system for enhancing user interaction with objects connected to a network. The system includes a processor, a display screen, a memory coupled to the processor. The memory comprises a database including a list of two or more objects and instructions executable by the processor to display a menu. The menu is associated with at least two independent objects. And the two independent objects are produced by two independent vendors.
https://www.google.com/patents/US20130080898?dq=US+20130080898&hl=en&sa=X&ei=M7ZXVNbEH9GGuASY54CgAg&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA
A Platform for Large-Scale Grid Data Service on Dynamic High-Performance Netw...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
Dynamic High-Performance Networks :
Support data-intensive Grid applications
Gives adequate and uncontested bandwidth to an application’s burst
Employs circuit-switching of large flows of data to avoid overheads in breaking flows into small packets and delays routing
Is capable of automatic end-to-end path provisioning
Is capable of automatic wavelength switching
Provides a set of protocols for managing dynamically provisioned wavelengths
DWDM-RAM :
Encapsulates “optical network resources” into a service framework to support dynamically provisioned and advanced data-intensive transport services
Offers network resources as Grid services for Grid computing
Allows cooperation of distributed resources
Provides a generalized framework for high performance applications over next generation networks, not necessary optical end-to-end
Yields good overall utilization of network resources
DWDM-RAM: DARPA-Sponsored Research for Data Intensive Service-on-Demand Advan...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
The DWDM-RAM architecture identifies two distinct planes over the dynamic
underlying optical network:
the Data Grid Plane that speaks for the diverse requirements of a data-intensive application by providing generic data-intensive interfaces and services and
2) the Network Grid Plane that marshals the raw bandwidth of the underlying optical
network into network services, within the OGSI framework, and that matches the complex requirements specified by the Data Grid Plane.
At the application middleware layer, the Data Transfer Service (DTS) presents an interface between the system and an application. It receives high-level client requests, policy-and-access filtered, to transfer specific named blocks of data with specific advance scheduling constraints.
The network resource middleware layer consists of three services: the Data Handler Service (DHS), the Network Resource Service (NRS) and the Dynamic Lambda Grid Service (DLGS). Services of this layer initiate and control sharing of resources.
An Architecture for Data Intensive Service Enabled by Next Generation Optical...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
DWDM-RAM - An architecture for data intensive Grids enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks, incorporating new methods for lightpath provisioning.
DWDM-RAM: An architecture designed to meet the
networking challenges of extremely large scale Grid applications.
Traditional network infrastructure cannot meet these demands,
especially, requirements for intensive data flows
DWDM-RAM Components Include:
Data management services
Intelligent middleware
Dynamic lightpath provisioning
State-of-the-art photonic technologies
Wide-area photonic testbed implementation
DWDM-RAM: DARPA-Sponsored Research for Data Intensive Service-on-Demand Advan...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
DWDM-RAM
An architecture for data intensive Grids enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks, incorporating
new methods for lightpath provisioning. DWDM-RAM is designed to meet the networking challenges of
extremely large scale Grid applications. Traditional network infrastructure cannot meet these demands,
especially, requirements for intensive data flows.
Grid optical network service architecture for data intensive applicationsTal Lavian Ph.D.
Integrated SW System Provide the “Glue”
Dynamic optical network as a fundamental Grid service in data-intensive Grid application, to be scheduled, to be managed and coordinated to support collaborative operations
From Super-computer to Super-network
In the past, computer processors were the fastest part
peripheral bottlenecks
In the future optical networks will be the fastest part
Computer, processor, storage, visualization, and instrumentation - slower "peripherals”
eScience Cyber-infrastructure focuses on computation, storage, data, analysis, Work Flow.
The network is vital for better eScience
Impact of Grid Computing on Network Operators and HW VendorsTal Lavian Ph.D.
The “Network” is a Prime Resource for Large- Scale Distributed System.
Integrated SW System Provide the “Glue”
Dynamic optical network as a fundamental Grid service in data-intensive Grid application, to be scheduled, to be managed and coordinated to support collaborative operations
Business Model Concepts for Dynamically Provisioned Optical NetworksTal Lavian Ph.D.
Business Continuity/Disaster Recovery:
Remote file storage/back-up
Recovery after equipment or path failure
Alternate site operations after disaster
Storage and Data on Demand:
Rapid expansion of NAS capacity
Archival storage and retrievals
Logistical networking – pre-fetch and cache
Financial Community and Transaction GRIDs:
Distributed computation and storage
Shared very high bandwidth network
Pay-for-use utility computing
A Grid Computing Platform where Communication Function is in Balance with Computation and Storage.
Lambda Data Grid Service architecture interacts with Cyber-infrastructure, and overcomes data limitations efficiently & effectively by:
treating the “network” as a primary resource just like “storage” and “computation”
treating the “network” as a “scheduled resource”
relying upon a massive, dynamic transport infrastructure: Dynamic Optical Network
Business Models for Dynamically Provisioned Optical NetworksTal Lavian Ph.D.
Low latency, high bandwidth services (>1Gb/s) are emerging requirements for business, medical, education, government and industry
New applications development and business models could be stimulated by affordable and easily accessible high bandwidth in both local and wide area networks
High bandwidth connections are typically full period today but full period 7x24 bandwidth is not always needed.
Technologies are now available that suggest plausible new business model options to offer time slots for high bandwidth services
Dynamic provisioning of lambda and sub-lambda time slots
Periodically scheduled (N time slots per day, per week) or ad hoc
Enabling Active Flow Manipulation In Silicon-based Network Forwarding EnginesTal Lavian Ph.D.
Lack of industrial-strength Active Network devices that dispel major concerns:
AN requires substantial supports from a NOS
AN introduces substantial software component, hence delay on the data path
AN lacks adequate measures to addressing integrity and security of network devices.
DWDM-RAM: Enabling Grid Services with Dynamic Optical NetworksTal Lavian Ph.D.
Advances in Grid technology enable the deployment of data-intensive distributed applications, which require moving Terabytes or even Petabytes of data
between data banks. The current underlying networks cannot provide dedicated links with adequate end-to-end sustained bandwidth to support the requirements of these Grid applications. DWDM-RAM1 is a novel service-oriented architecture, which harnesses the enormous bandwidth potential of optical networks and demonstrates their on-demand nsage on the OMNlnet. Preliminary experiments suggest that dynamic optical networks, such as the OMNlnet, are the ideal option for transferring such massive amounts of data. DWDM-RAM incorporates an OGSI/OGSA compliant service interface and will promote greater convergence between dynamic optical networks and data intensive Grid computing.
Services and applications’ infrastructure for agile optical networksTal Lavian Ph.D.
Huge advancements in optical devices, components and networking.
The underline of the Internet is optical – How can we take advantage of this?
How can the applications take advantage of this?
Agile Optical Network is starting to appear. What services and interfaces we’ll need between the optical control and the applications?
What are the applications?
The Internet architecture was built on some 15-20 years old assumptions. Are some modifications needed?
Is packet switching good for all? In some cases, is circuit switching better? (move TeraBytes of SAN date, P2P, Streaming)
End-to-End Argument – Is is valid for all cases?
What cases not? What instead?
The current Internet architecture is based on L3. What is needed in order to offer services in L1-L2?
Computation vs. Bandwidth 10X in 5 years
Next Generation Inter-Data Center NetworkingInfinera
Presented by Chris Liou, Vice President, Network Strategy, at ECOC 2013 in London, UK (ECOC Special Symposia2: Next Generation Data Centres - Paving the Way for the Zettabyte Era
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
Embodiments of the present invention present a method and apparatus for photonic line sharing for high-speed routers. Photonic switches receive high-speed optical data streams and produce the data streams to a router operating according to routing logic and produce optical data streams according to destination addresses stored in the data packets. Each photonic switch can be configured as one of a 1:N multiplexer or an M:N cross-connect switch. In one embodiment, optical data is converted to electrical data prior to routing, while an alternate embodiment routes only optical data. Another embodiment transfers large volumes of high-speed data through an optical bypass line in a circuit switched network to bypass the switch fabric thereby routing the data packets directly to the destination. An edge device selects one of the packet switched network or the circuit switched network. The bypass resources are released when the large volume of high-speed data is transferred.
Systems and methods to support sharing and exchanging in a networkTal Lavian Ph.D.
Embodiments of the invention provide for providing support for sharing and exchanging in a network. The system includes a memory coupled to a processor. The memory includes a database comprising information corresponding to first users and the second users. Each of the first users and the second users are facilitated for sharing or exchanging activity, service or product, based on one or more conditions corresponding thereto. Further, the memory includes one or more instructions executable by the processor to match each of the first users to at least one of the second users. Furthermore, the instructions may inform each of the first users about the match with the at least one of the second users when all the conditions are met by the at least one second user based on the information corresponding to each of the second users.
Systems and methods for visual presentation and selection of IVR menuTal Lavian Ph.D.
Embodiments of the invention provide a system for generating an Interactive Voice Response (IVR) database, the system comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory comprising a list of telephone numbers associated with one or more destinations implementing IVR menus, wherein the one or more destinations are grouped based on a plurality of categories of the IVR menus. Further the memory includes instructions executable by said processor for automatically communicating with the one of more destinations, and receiving at least one customization record from said at least one destination to store in the IVR database.
Various embodiments allow Grid applications to access resources shared in communication network domains. Grid Proxy Architecture for Network Resources (GPAN) bridges Grid services serving user applications and network services controlling network devices through proxy functions. At times, GPAN employs distributed network service peers (NSP) in network domains to discover, negotiate and allocate network resources for Grid applications. An elected master NSP is the unique Grid node that runs GPAN and represents the whole network to share network resources to Grids without Grid involvement of network devices. GPAN provides the Grid Proxy service (GPS) to interface with Grid services and applications, and the Grid Delegation service (GDS) to interface with network services to utilize network resources. In some cases, resource-based XML messaging can be employed for the GPAN proxy communication.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
Systems and methods for electronic communicationsTal Lavian Ph.D.
Embodiments of the invention provide a system for enhancing user interaction with the Internet of Things. The system includes a processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory includes a database having one or more options corresponding to each of the Internet of Things. The memory further includes instructions executable by the processor to share at least one of the one or more options with one or more users of the things. Further, the instructions receive information corresponding to selection of the at least one option by the one or more users. Additionally, the instructions update the database based on the selection of the at least one option by the one or more users. Further, a device for enhancing interaction with the things is also disclosed.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
Radar target detection system for autonomous vehicles with ultra-low phase no...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
An object detection system for autonomous vehicle, comprising a radar unit and at least one ultra-low phase noise frequency synthesizer, is provided. The radar unit configured for detecting the presence and characteristics of one or more objects in various directions. The radar unit may include a transmitter for transmitting at least one radio signal; and a receiver for receiving the at least one radio signal returned from the one or more objects. The ultra-low phase noise frequency synthesizer may utilize Clocking device, Sampling Reference PLL, at least one fixed frequency divider, DDS and main PLL to reduce phase noise from the returned radio signal. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art Radar Systems by providing much lower level of phase noise which would result in improved performance of the radar system in terms of target detection, characterization etc. Further, a method for autonomous vehicle is also disclosed.
Various embodiments allow Grid applications to access resources shared in communication network domains. Grid Proxy Architecture for Network Resources (GPAN) bridges Grid services serving user applications and network services controlling network devices through proxy functions. At times, GPAN employs distributed network service peers (NSP) in network domains to discover, negotiate and allocate network resources for Grid applications. An elected master NSP is the unique Grid node that runs GPAN and represents the whole network to share network resources to Grids without Grid involvement of network devices. GPAN provides the Grid Proxy service (GPS) to interface with Grid services and applications, and the Grid Delegation service (GDS) to interface with network services to utilize network resources. In some cases, resource-based XML messaging can be employed for the GPAN proxy communication.
Method and apparatus for scheduling resources on a switched underlay networkTal Lavian Ph.D.
A method and apparatus for resource scheduling on a switched underlay network (18) enables coordination, scheduling, and scheduling optimization to take place taking into account the availability of the data and the network resources comprising the switched underlay network (18). Requested transfers may be fulfilled by assessing the requested transfer parameters, the availability of the network resources required to fulfill the request, the availability of the data to be transferred, the availability of sufficient storage resources to receive the data, and other potentially conflicting requested transfers. In one embodiment, the requests are under-constrained to enable transfer scheduling optimization to occur. The under-constrained nature of the requests enable transfer scheduling optimization to occur. The under-constrained nature of the requests enables requests to be scheduled taking into account factors such as transfer priority, transfer duration, the amount of time it has been since the transfer request was submitted, and many other factors.
Dynamic assignment of traffic classes to a priority queue in a packet forward...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
An apparatus and method for dynamic assignment of classes of traffic to a priority queue. Bandwidth consumption by one or more types of packet traffic received in the packet forwarding device is monitored to determine whether the bandwidth consumption exceeds a threshold. If the bandwidth consumption exceeds the threshold, assignment of at least one type of packet traffic of the one or more types of packet traffic is changed from a queue having a first priority to a queue having a second priority.
Method and apparatus for using a command design pattern to access and configu...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
An XML accessible network device is capable of performing functions in response to an XML encoded request transmitted over a network. It includes a network data transfer service, coupled to a network, that is capable of receiving XML encoded requests from a client also connected to the network. A service engine is capable of understanding and parsing the XML encoded requests according to a corresponding DTD. The service engine further instantiates a service using parameters provided in the XML encoded request and launches the service for execution on the network device in accordance with a command design parameter. A set of device APIs interacts with hardware and software on the network device for executing the requested service on the network device. If necessary, a response is further collected from the device and provided to the client in a response message.
Embodiments of the invention provide means to the users of the system to provide ratings and corresponding feedback for enhancing the genuineness in the ratings. The system includes a memory coupled to a processor. The memory includes one or more instructions executable by the processor to enable the users of the system to rate each other based on at least one of sharing, exchanging, and selling one of activity, service or product. The system may provide a mechanism to encourage genuineness in ratings provided by the users. Furthermore, the instructions facilitate the rating receivers to provide feedbacks corresponding to the received ratings. The feedback includes accepting or objecting to a particular rating. Moreover, the memory includes instructions executable by the processor to enable the system to determine genuineness of an objection raised by a rating receiver.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a system for enhancing reliability in computation of ratings provided by a user over a social network. The system comprises of a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory further comprises a rater score database, a satisfaction database, a social network registration database, a user profile database, and a plurality of instruction executable by the processor. Said instructions in the memory are enabled to accept a message from at least one user wherein said message comprises a satisfaction score associated with at least one service provider and to retrieve a rater score associated with said at least one user from said rater score database. Further, the memory includes instructions in order to compute a new satisfaction score based on said rater score and said satisfaction score and update said satisfaction database to include said new satisfaction score. In a similar manner, the new satisfaction score can be computed based upon the information stored in the social network registration database and user profile database.
Systems and methods for visual presentation and selection of ivr menuTal Lavian Ph.D.
Embodiments of the invention provide a system for generating an Interactive Voice Response (IVR) database, the system comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory comprising a list of telephone numbers associated with one or more destinations implementing IVR menus, wherein the one or more destinations are grouped based on a plurality of categories of the IVR menus. Further the memory includes instructions executable by said processor for automatically communicating with the one of more destinations, and receiving at least one customization record from said at least one destination to store in the IVR database.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
A Platform for Data Intensive Services Enabled by Next Generation Dynamic Optical Networks
1. DWDM
RAM
Data@LIGHTspeed
A Platform for Data Intensive Services
Enabled by Next Generation Dynamic
Optical Networks
D. B. Hoang, T. Lavian, S. Figueira, J. Mambretti, I. Monga, S. Naiksatam, H. Cohen, D. Cutrell, F. Travostino
Gesticulation by Franco Travostino
NNTTOONNCC
National Transparent Optical
Network Consortium
Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency BUSINESS WITHOUT BOUNDARIES
2. Topics
• Limitations of Packet Switched IP Networks
• Why DWDM-RAM?
• DWDM-RAM Architecture
• An Application Scenario
• Current DWDM-RAM Implementation
3. Limitations of Packet Switched Networks
What happens when a TeraByte file is sent over the Internet?
• If the network bandwidth is shared with millions of other
users, the file transfer task will never be done (World Wide
Wait syndrome)
• Inter-ISP SLAs are “as scarce as dragons”
• DoS, route flaps phenomena strike without notice
Fundamental Problems
1) Limited control and isolation of Network Bandwidth
2) Packet switching is not appropriate for data intensive
applications => substantial overhead, delays, CapEx, OpEx
4. Why DWDM-RAM ?
• The new architecture is proposed for data intensive enabled
by next generation dynamic optical networks
– Offers a Lambda scheduling service over Lambda Grids
– Supports both on-demand and scheduled data retrieval
– Supports bulk data-transfer facilities using lambda-switched
networks
– Provides a generalized framework for high performance
applications over next generation networks, not
necessary optical end-to-end
– Supports out-of-band tools for adaptive placement of
data replicas
5. DWDM-RAM
Architecture
• An OGSA compliant Grid architecture
• The middleware architecture modularizes
components into services with well-defined
interfaces
• The middleware architecture separates services
into 3 principal service layers
– Data Transfer Service Layer
– Network Resource Service Layer
– Data Path Control Service Layer over a Dynamic
Optical Network
6. DWDM-RAM ARCHITECTURE
Basic Data
Transfer Service
Data Path Control
Connection
Control
Network Resource Service
Data
storage
L3 router
switch Data
Data Transmission Plane
Center
l1
ln
l1
ln
Data
Path
Data
Center
Applications
Optical Control
Plane
Data Transfer
Scheduler
Dynamic Optical
Network
Data Transfer Service
Basic Network
Resource
Service
Network
Resource
Scheduler
Storage
Resource
Service
Data
Handler
Service
Processing
Resource
Service
External Services
Data Path Control Service
7. DWDM-RAM Service Architecture
• The Data Transfer Service (DTS):
– Presents an interface between an application and a system –
receives high-level requests, to transfer named blocks of data
– Provides Data Transfer Scheduler Service: various models for
scheduling, priorities, and event synchronization
• The Network Resource Service (NRS)
– Provides an abstraction of “communication channels” as a network service
– Provides an explicit representation of network resources scheduling model
– Enables capabilities for dynamic on-demand provisioning and advance
scheduling
– Maintains schedules and provisions resources in accordance with the
schedule
• Data Path Control Service Layer
– Presents an interface between the network resource service and
the network resources of the underlying network
– Establishes, controls, and deallocates complete paths across
both optical and electronic domains
8. DWDM-RAM Service Control Architecture
GRID Service
Request
Network Service Request
ODIN OmniNet Control Plane
Optical
Control
Network
Optical
Control
Network
UNI-N
Data Transmission Plane
ODIN
UNI-N
Connection
Control
L3 router
L2 switch
Service
Control
Data
Path
Control
Data
storage
switch
Data
Path
Control
DDAATTAA G GRRIDID S SEERRVVICICEE P PLLAANNEE
l1 ln
l1
ln
l1
ln
Data
Path
Data
Center
Service
Control
NNEETTWWOORRKK S SEERRVVICICEE P PLLAANNEE
Data
Center
9. An Application Scenario: Fixed Bandwidth
List Scheduling
• A scheduling request is sent from the application to the NRS
with the following five variables: Source host, Destination
host, Duration of connection, Start time of request window,
Finish time of request window
• The start and finish times of the request window are the
upper and lower limits of when the connection can happen.
• The scheduler must then reserve a continuous hour slot
somewhere within that time range. No bandwidth, or
capacity, is referred to and the circuit designated to the
connection is static.
• The message returned by the NRS is a “ticket” which
informs of the success or failure of the request
10. Fixed Bandwidth List Scheduling
Job Job Run-time Window
A 1.5 hours 8am – 1pm
B 2 hours 8:30am – 12pm
C 1 hour 10am – 12pm
This scenario shows three jobs being scheduled sequentially,
A, B and C. Job A is initially scheduled to start at the
beginning of its under-constrained window. Job B can start
after A and still satisfy its limits. Job C is more constrained
with its runtime window but is a smaller job. The scheduler
adapts to this conflict by intelligently rescheduling each job
so all constraints are met.
12. DWDM-RAM Implementation
Applications
…
DHS DTS NRS
ftp,
GridFTP,
Sabul
Fast, Etc.
l’s
Replication,
Disk,
Accounting
Authentication,
Etc.
ODIN
OMNInet
Other
DWDM
l’s
13. Dynamic Optical Network
• Gives adequate and uncontested bandwidth to an
application’s burst
• Employs circuit-switching of large flows of data to
avoid overheads in breaking flows into small
packets and delays routing
• Is capable of automatic wavelength switching
• Is capable of automatic end-to-end path
provisioning
• Provides a set of protocols for managing
dynamically provisioned wavelengths
14. OMNInet Testbed
• Four-node multi-site optical metro testbed network in
Chicago -- the first 10GigE service trial when installed in
2001
• Nodes are interconnected as a partial mesh with lightpaths
provisioned with DWDM on dedicated fiber.
• Each node includes a MEMs-based WDM photonic switch,
Optical Fiber Amplifier (OFA), optical transponders, and
high-performance Ethernet switch.
• The switches are configured with four ports capable of
supporting 10GigE.
• Application cluster and compute node access is provided by
Passport 8600 L2/L3 switches, which are provisioned with
10/100/1000 Ethernet user ports, and a 10GigE LAN port.
• Partners: SBC, Nortel Networks, iCAIR/Northwestern
University
15. Optical Dynamic Intelligent Network Services
(ODIN)
• Software suite that controls the OMNInet
through lower-level API calls
• Designed for high-performance, long-term
flow with flexible and fine grained control
• Stateless server, which includes an API to
provide path provisioning and monitoring to
the higher layers
16. 10/100/
GE
OMNInet
W Taylor Sheridan
Lake Shore
10 GE
5200 OFA
l
2
3
Optera 5200 OFA
Photonic
Node
S. Federal
5200 OFA
Photonic
Node
Photonic
Node 10/100/
GE
10/100/
GE
10/100/
GE
Optera
5200
10Gb/s
TSPR
Photonic
Node
l4
10 GE
PP
8600
1
l
l
l
2
3
4
l
l
l
1
Optera
5200
10Gb/s
TSPR
10 GE
Optera
5200
10Gb/
s
TSPR
1
l
l
l
2
3
4
l
Optera
5200
10Gb/s
TSPR
1
l
l
l
2
3
4
l
WAN PHY interfaces
1310 nm 10 GbE
10 GE
PP
8600
…
EVL/UIC
OM5200
LAC/UIC
OM5200
StarLight
Interconnect
with other
research
networks
10GE LAN PHY (Aug 04)
TECH/NU
OM5200
10 l
Optera Metro 5200 OFA
#5 – 24 km
#6 – 24 km
#2 – 10.3 km
#4 – 7.2 km
#9 – 5.3 km
5200 OFA
• 8x8x8l Scalable
photonic switch
• Trunk side – 10G DWDM
• OFA on all trunks
• ASTN control plane
Grid
Clusters
Grid Storage
10 l
#8 – 6.7 km
PP
8600
PP
8600
2 x gigE
17. Initial Performance measure:
End-to-End Transfer Time
r ef snart eli F
0.5s 3.6s 0.5s 174s 0.3s 11s
noit acoll A ht aP
t seuqer
r evr eS NI DO
gni ssecor P
DI ht aP
denr ut er
r ef snar T at aD
BG 02
r evr eS NI DO
gni ssecor P
t seuqer
sevirr a
r ef snart eli F
ht ap , enod
desael er
acoll aeD ht aP
t seuqer
25s
kr owt eN
noit ar ugif nocer
0.14s
put es PTF
e mit
18. Transaction Demonstration Time Line
#1 Transfer
6 minute cycle time
Customer #2 Transaction Accumulation
#2 Transfer #2 Transfer
Customer #1 Transaction Accumulation
-30 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360 390 420 450 480 510 540 570 600 630 660
allocate path de-allocate path
#1 Transfer
time (sec)
20. Conclusion
• The DWDM-RAM architecture yields Data
Intensive Services that best exploit Dynamic
Optical Networks
• Network resources become actively managed,
scheduled services
• This approach maximizes the satisfaction of
high-capacity users while yielding good overall
utilization of resources
• The service-centric approach is a foundation
for new types of services
21. Some key folks checking us out at our
CO2+Grid booth, GlobusWORLD ‘04, Jan ‘04
Ian Foster and Carl Kesselman, co-inventors of the Grid (2nd,5th from the left)
Larry Smarr of OptIPuter fame (6th and last from the left)
Franco, Tal, and Inder (1th, 3rd, and 4th from the left)
22. Defense Advanced Research
Projects Agency
DWDM
RAM
Data@LIGHTspeed
NNTTOONNCC
National Transparent Optical
Network Consortium
BUSINESS WITHOUT BOUNDARIES
24. Optical Abundant Bandwidth Meets Grid
The Data Intensive App Challenge:
Emerging data intensive applications in the field of HEP,
astro-physics, astronomy, bioinformatics, computational
chemistry, etc., require extremely high performance and
long term data flows, scalability for huge data volume,
global reach, adjustability to unpredictable traffic
behavior, and integration with multiple Grid resources.
Response: DWDM-RAM
An architecture for data intensive Grids enabled by next
generation dynamic optical networks, incorporating
new methods for lightpath provisioning. DWDM-RAM
is designed to meet the networking challenges of
extremely large scale Grid applications. Traditional
network infrastructure cannot meet these demands,
especially, requirements for intensive data flows
PBs Storage
Data-Intensive Applications
DWDM-RAM
Abundant Optical Bandwidth
Tbs on single fiber strand
25. Overheads - Amortization
When dealing with data-intensive
applications, overhead is insignificant!
Setup time = 48 sec, Bandwidth=920 Mbps
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 10000000
File Size (MBytes)
Setup time / Total Transfer
Time
500GB
26. Grids urged us to think End-to-End Solutions
Look past boxes, feeds, and speeds
Apps such as Grids call for a complex mix of:
Bit-blasting
Finesse (granularity of control)
Virtualization (access to diverse knobs)
Resource bundling (network AND …)
Multi-Domain Security (AAA to start)
Freedom from GUIs, human intervention
++
++
++
++
++
Our recipe is a software-rich symbiosis
of Packet and Optical products
! ERA WTFOS
27. NRS Interface and Functionality
// Bind to an NRS service:
NRS = lookupNRS(address);
//Request cost function evaluation
request = {pathEndpointOneAddress,
pathEndpointTwoAddress,
duration,
startAfterDate,
endBeforeDate};
ticket = NRS.requestReservation(request);
// Inspect the ticket to determine success, and to find
the currently scheduled time:
ticket.display();
// The ticket may now be persisted and used
from another location
NRS.updateTicket(ticket);
// Inspect the ticket to see if the reservation’s scheduled time has changed, or
verify that the job completed, with any relevant status information:
ticket.display();
28. Application Level Measurements
File size: 20 GB
Path allocation: 29.7 secs
Data transfer setup time: 0.141 secs
FTP transfer time: 174 secs
Maximum transfer rate: 935 Mbits/sec
Path tear down time: 11.3 secs
Effective transfer rate: 762 Mbits/sec
29. Network Scheduling – Simulation Study
Blocking Probability
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1 2 3 4 5 6
experiment number
blocking probability
Simulation
Erlang B Model
Blocking probability
Under-constrained requests
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1 2 3 4 5 6
experiment number
blocking probability
0%
50%
100%
lower-bound
30. The Network Resource Service (NRS)
• Provides an OGSI-based interface to network
resources
• Request parameters
– Network addresses of the hosts to be connected
– Window of time for the allocation
– Duration of the allocation
– Minimum and maximum acceptable bandwidth
(future)
31. The Network Resource Service
• Provides the network resource
– On demand
– By advance reservation
• Network is requested within a window
– Constrained
– Under-constrained