Lack of industrial-strength Active Network devices that dispel major concerns:
AN requires substantial supports from a NOS
AN introduces substantial software component, hence delay on the data path
AN lacks adequate measures to addressing integrity and security of network devices.
Enabling Active Flow Manipulation In Silicon-based Network Forwarding EnginesTal Lavian Ph.D.
A significant challenge in today’s Internet is the ability to efficiently incorporate customizable network intelligence in commercial high performance network devices.
Framework for introducing services
API for programming network devices
Enabling Active Flow Manipulation In Silicon-based Network Forwarding Engines Tal Lavian Ph.D.
Active networks (AN) approach opens an exciting opportunity for individual applications to define the service provided by the network through programmability.
Active Networks technologies expose a novel approach that allows customer value-added services to be introduced to the network “on-the-fly”.
Active Nets program has produced a new network platform flexible and extensible at runtime to accommodate the rapid evolution and deployment of network technologies.
The exciting opportunity exists for network service providers and third parties, not just the network device providers, to program the network infrastructure and services.
Industrial Internet of Things: Protocols an StandardsJavier Povedano
Presentation for the Distributed Systems Master at the University of Cordoba (Spain). In this presentation we review the state of the art in communication middlewares for Industrial Internet of Things
Tech 2 tech low latency networking on Janet presentationJisc
This event took place on 27 October 2021.
In this Tech 2 Tech session, we considered questions such as:
- Which types of applications need low latency, and what are their specific requirements for both latency and jitter?
- What levels of latency might you expect across Janet?
- What can you do to optimise latency for your networked applications?
- How can we measure latency and jitter?
Presentation from October 2012 RTI Technical Road Show.
Agenda Highlights:
How the DDS standard fosters information sharing and interoperability across systems of systems while driving down development, integration, maintenance, upgrade and acquisition costs
The latest 5.0 release of RTI's DDS solution and future roadmap, including enhanced security, support for integration patterns common in C2 systems, FAA DO-178C Level A certification, and DDS standardization initiatives
RTI's new Open Community Source license, which provides free-of-charge access to RTI DDS and allows it to be freely shared across projects and organizations
Enabling Active Flow Manipulation In Silicon-based Network Forwarding EnginesTal Lavian Ph.D.
A significant challenge in today’s Internet is the ability to efficiently incorporate customizable network intelligence in commercial high performance network devices.
Framework for introducing services
API for programming network devices
Enabling Active Flow Manipulation In Silicon-based Network Forwarding Engines Tal Lavian Ph.D.
Active networks (AN) approach opens an exciting opportunity for individual applications to define the service provided by the network through programmability.
Active Networks technologies expose a novel approach that allows customer value-added services to be introduced to the network “on-the-fly”.
Active Nets program has produced a new network platform flexible and extensible at runtime to accommodate the rapid evolution and deployment of network technologies.
The exciting opportunity exists for network service providers and third parties, not just the network device providers, to program the network infrastructure and services.
Industrial Internet of Things: Protocols an StandardsJavier Povedano
Presentation for the Distributed Systems Master at the University of Cordoba (Spain). In this presentation we review the state of the art in communication middlewares for Industrial Internet of Things
Tech 2 tech low latency networking on Janet presentationJisc
This event took place on 27 October 2021.
In this Tech 2 Tech session, we considered questions such as:
- Which types of applications need low latency, and what are their specific requirements for both latency and jitter?
- What levels of latency might you expect across Janet?
- What can you do to optimise latency for your networked applications?
- How can we measure latency and jitter?
Presentation from October 2012 RTI Technical Road Show.
Agenda Highlights:
How the DDS standard fosters information sharing and interoperability across systems of systems while driving down development, integration, maintenance, upgrade and acquisition costs
The latest 5.0 release of RTI's DDS solution and future roadmap, including enhanced security, support for integration patterns common in C2 systems, FAA DO-178C Level A certification, and DDS standardization initiatives
RTI's new Open Community Source license, which provides free-of-charge access to RTI DDS and allows it to be freely shared across projects and organizations
Time Sensitive Networks: How changes to standard Ethernet enable convergence ...Erik van Hilten
Standard Ethernet continues to expand its range, functionality and applications with the IEEE open standard, Time Sensitive Networking (TSN). The capabilities of TSN provide the industrial community with the ability to use standard Ethernet to support highly reliable and precise synchronized networking for industrial control. The presentation provides an update on the roadmap for TSN and an explanation around ways in which TSN enables seamless convergence within control networks. TSN updates to standard Ethernet will meet industrial control and measurement applications' needs, and solve interoperability issues by incorporating new capabilities needed in distributed systems. This presentation was held at the Hannover Messe Industry 4.0 Forum by Intel's Neil Stroud and National Instruments' Erik van Hilten.
Evolution of Network Synchronization TechnologiesADVA
At Quebec’s Hydro-Quebec Research Institute, Chuck Perry, system consultant, Oscilloquartz, explained the critical role of phase synchronization in network innovation success.
The Poacher and the Gamekeeper: Synchronization Delivery and AssuranceADVA
At the 2016 Workshop on Synchronization and Timing Systems in San Jose, Ken Hann outlined how, with the right equipment, synchronization delivery and assurance can both be achieved.
A Platform for Data Intensive Services Enabled by Next Generation Dynamic Opt...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
The new architecture is proposed for data intensive enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks
Encapsulates “optical network resources” into a service framework to support dynamically provisioned and advanced data-intensive transport services
Provides a generalized framework for high performance applications over next generation networks, not necessary optical end-to-end
Supports both on-demand and scheduled data retrieval
Supports a meshed wavelength switched network capable of establishing an end-to-end lightpath in seconds
Supports bulk data-transfer facilities using lambda-switched networks
Supports out-of-band tools for adaptive placement of data replicas
Offers network resources as Grid services for Grid computing
Disaggregated Networking - The Drivers, the Software & The High AvailabilityOpen Networking Summit
Dis-agregration is real… This trend started with SDN and the separation of Data plane and Control plane. The scope has expanded to include separate of hardware and software and created a whole new industry of white boxes, general purpose X86 commodity hardware. All three markets - Cloud, Enterprise and Carriers are now engaged in various solutions inside the Data Center. The disaggregation is impacted all parts of the network including Access and Edge layers.
Time Sensitive Networks: How changes to standard Ethernet enable convergence ...Erik van Hilten
Standard Ethernet continues to expand its range, functionality and applications with the IEEE open standard, Time Sensitive Networking (TSN). The capabilities of TSN provide the industrial community with the ability to use standard Ethernet to support highly reliable and precise synchronized networking for industrial control. The presentation provides an update on the roadmap for TSN and an explanation around ways in which TSN enables seamless convergence within control networks. TSN updates to standard Ethernet will meet industrial control and measurement applications' needs, and solve interoperability issues by incorporating new capabilities needed in distributed systems. This presentation was held at the Hannover Messe Industry 4.0 Forum by Intel's Neil Stroud and National Instruments' Erik van Hilten.
Evolution of Network Synchronization TechnologiesADVA
At Quebec’s Hydro-Quebec Research Institute, Chuck Perry, system consultant, Oscilloquartz, explained the critical role of phase synchronization in network innovation success.
The Poacher and the Gamekeeper: Synchronization Delivery and AssuranceADVA
At the 2016 Workshop on Synchronization and Timing Systems in San Jose, Ken Hann outlined how, with the right equipment, synchronization delivery and assurance can both be achieved.
A Platform for Data Intensive Services Enabled by Next Generation Dynamic Opt...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
The new architecture is proposed for data intensive enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks
Encapsulates “optical network resources” into a service framework to support dynamically provisioned and advanced data-intensive transport services
Provides a generalized framework for high performance applications over next generation networks, not necessary optical end-to-end
Supports both on-demand and scheduled data retrieval
Supports a meshed wavelength switched network capable of establishing an end-to-end lightpath in seconds
Supports bulk data-transfer facilities using lambda-switched networks
Supports out-of-band tools for adaptive placement of data replicas
Offers network resources as Grid services for Grid computing
Disaggregated Networking - The Drivers, the Software & The High AvailabilityOpen Networking Summit
Dis-agregration is real… This trend started with SDN and the separation of Data plane and Control plane. The scope has expanded to include separate of hardware and software and created a whole new industry of white boxes, general purpose X86 commodity hardware. All three markets - Cloud, Enterprise and Carriers are now engaged in various solutions inside the Data Center. The disaggregation is impacted all parts of the network including Access and Edge layers.
International Journal on Governmental Financial Management, 2010 Vol 2icgfmconference
Materiality in Government Auditing
Public Financial Management Reform in Kosovo
Telling a More Credible Performance Story: Old Wine in New Bottles
Cash Reporting in Developing Countries: The Case of Nepalese Central Government
Project Management Perspective on the Adoption of Accrual-Based IPSAS
New Guidance on Accounting and Financial Reporting for Intangible Assets
Recent Public Financial Management Publications and Other Resources
International Public Sector Accounting Standards and Financial Reporting in N...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF) discourages theoretical articles that are limited to axiomatics or that discuss minor variations of familiar models. Similarly, IOSR-JEF has little interest in empirical papers that do not explain the model's theoretical foundations or that exhausts themselves in applying a new or established technique (such as cointegration) to another data set without providing very good reasons why this research is important.
Frans van Schaik, Deloitte Accountants, The Netherlands. There is a striking difference in the approach taken in the
preparation of public sector specific
guidance on accounting and auditing. While the International Public Sector Accounting
Standards Board (IPSASB) issues stand-alone public sector accounting standards, the
International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI) issues practice notes,
which provide supplementary guidance for the public sector, in addition to the considerations
specific to the public sector contained in the International Standards on Auditing. There is a
similarity in that both IPSASB and INTOSAI fly in the jet stream of private sector standard
setters. IPSASB only deviates from the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS),
issued by the IFRS Board, for public sector specific reasons. INTOSAI adds guidance to the
International Standards on Auditing, issued by the International Auditing and Assurance
Standards Board (IAASB). These public sector specific practice notes are called International
Standards of Supreme Audit Institutions (ISSAI).
Enabling Active Flow Manipulation In Silicon-based Network Forwarding EnginesTal Lavian Ph.D.
Great Active Nets Community Solutions:
Active networks (AN) approach opens an exciting opportunity for individual applications to define the service provided by the network through programmability.
Active Networks technologies expose a novel approach that allows customer value-added services to be introduced to the network “on-the-fly”.
Active Nets program has produced a new network platform flexible and extensible at runtime to accommodate the rapid evolution and deployment of network technologies.
The exciting opportunity exists for network service providers and third parties, not just the network device providers, to program the network infrastructure and services.
Active Nets Technology Transfer through High-Performance Network DevicesTal Lavian Ph.D.
Deploying commercial high performance network devices to construct a programmable AN platform
Supporting customizable network intelligences
Supporting excellent AN-specific research projects
Addressing AN and optical networking issues
A Platform for Data Intensive Services Enabled by Next Generation Dynamic Opt...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
The new architecture is proposed for data intensive enabled by next generation dynamic optical networks
Offers a Lambda scheduling service over Lambda Grids
Supports both on-demand and scheduled data retrieval
Supports bulk data-transfer facilities using lambda-switched networks
Provides a generalized framework for high performance applications over next generation networks, not necessary optical end-to-end
Supports out-of-band tools for adaptive placement of data replicas
SDN 101: Software Defined Networking Course - Sameh Zaghloul/IBM - 2014SAMeh Zaghloul
Sameh Zaghloul
Technology Manager @ IBM
+2 0100 6066012
zaghloul@eg.ibm.com
SDN: Technology that enables data center team to use software to efficiently control network resources
SDN Overview
SDN Standards
NFV – Network Function Virtualization
SDN Scenarios and Use Cases
SDN Sample Research Projects
SDN Technology Survey
SDN Case Study
SDN Online Courses
SDN Lab SW Tools
- OpenStack Framework
- OpenDayLighyt – SDN Controller
- FloodLight – SDN Controller
- Open vSwitch – Virtual Switch
- MiniNet – Virtual Network: OpenFlow Switches, SDN Controllers, and Servers/Hosts
- OMNet++ Network Simulator
- Avior – Sample FloodLight Java Application
- netem - Network Emulation
- NOX/POX - C++/ Python OpenFlow API for building network control applications
- Pyretic = Python + Frenetic - Enables network programmers and operators to write modular network applications by providing powerful abstractions
- Resonance - Event-Driven Control for Software-Defined Networks (written in Pyretic)
SDN Project
Edge Device Multi-unicasting for Video StreamingTal Lavian Ph.D.
Multicast data stream from a server to multiple clients at the application level.
Overlay network structure must be constructed at the application layer to connect participating end systems
Mechanisms for adapting the overlay structure are necessary to provide and maintain adequate level of QoS of the application
Yoid – generic structure for overaly networks for content distribution
Overcast – single-source multicast
End System Multicast – small-scale multicast for teleconference
ALMI – an ALM infrastructure for multi-sender multicast that scales to a large number of groups with small number of members
Edge devices form overlay structure
Edge devices can replicate and multi-unicast to multiple clients
Overcome bottleneck problem over access link
Radisys/Wind River: The Telcom Cloud - Deployment Strategies: SDN/NFV and Vir...Radisys Corporation
Radisys and Wind River present on the evolution to the Telecom Cloud and how cloud technology and network virtualization will provide both big opportunities and challenges for operators. Important details and insights are shared on Network Function Virtualization (NFV), Software Defined Network (SDN) and Virtualization.
At the Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers Expo 2014, Andy Smith of Juniper Networks presented Juniper’s vision and architecture for a cable oriented packet optical core and metro transport system. Access insights and network diagrams in his presentation and learn more in his blog post: http://juni.pr/1rwapCG.
Founded in 1997 by President and CEO Alastair Hartrup, Network Critical is a UK-based company that has grown into a global leader, developing premier network access solutions for the enterprise security and network management marketplace. A channel-friendly company, Network Critical operations continue to grow world-wide, with new offices in Buffalo, New York and Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Network Critical provides proper enterprise access wherever monitoring is critical—maximizing the value of customer monitoring investments, and giving customers the assurance that traffic is always seen and always available.
Platforms for Accelerating the Software Defined and Virtual Infrastructure6WIND
As network infrastructures evolve and selected elements shift from physical systems to virtual functions a new class of network appliance is required that provides high performance processing, balanced I/O and hardware or software acceleration. Such a platform must combine standard server technology and modular systems that can be configured to support line rate performance with network interfaces up to 100Gbit/s.
This webinar will discuss a class of network appliance that offers performance levels previously requiring more complex and costly architectures while integrating seamlessly with standard software frameworks such as Linux, Open vSwitch (OVS) and Intel® Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK).
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
Embodiments of the present invention present a method and apparatus for photonic line sharing for high-speed routers. Photonic switches receive high-speed optical data streams and produce the data streams to a router operating according to routing logic and produce optical data streams according to destination addresses stored in the data packets. Each photonic switch can be configured as one of a 1:N multiplexer or an M:N cross-connect switch. In one embodiment, optical data is converted to electrical data prior to routing, while an alternate embodiment routes only optical data. Another embodiment transfers large volumes of high-speed data through an optical bypass line in a circuit switched network to bypass the switch fabric thereby routing the data packets directly to the destination. An edge device selects one of the packet switched network or the circuit switched network. The bypass resources are released when the large volume of high-speed data is transferred.
Systems and methods to support sharing and exchanging in a networkTal Lavian Ph.D.
Embodiments of the invention provide for providing support for sharing and exchanging in a network. The system includes a memory coupled to a processor. The memory includes a database comprising information corresponding to first users and the second users. Each of the first users and the second users are facilitated for sharing or exchanging activity, service or product, based on one or more conditions corresponding thereto. Further, the memory includes one or more instructions executable by the processor to match each of the first users to at least one of the second users. Furthermore, the instructions may inform each of the first users about the match with the at least one of the second users when all the conditions are met by the at least one second user based on the information corresponding to each of the second users.
Systems and methods for visual presentation and selection of IVR menuTal Lavian Ph.D.
Embodiments of the invention provide a system for generating an Interactive Voice Response (IVR) database, the system comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory comprising a list of telephone numbers associated with one or more destinations implementing IVR menus, wherein the one or more destinations are grouped based on a plurality of categories of the IVR menus. Further the memory includes instructions executable by said processor for automatically communicating with the one of more destinations, and receiving at least one customization record from said at least one destination to store in the IVR database.
Various embodiments allow Grid applications to access resources shared in communication network domains. Grid Proxy Architecture for Network Resources (GPAN) bridges Grid services serving user applications and network services controlling network devices through proxy functions. At times, GPAN employs distributed network service peers (NSP) in network domains to discover, negotiate and allocate network resources for Grid applications. An elected master NSP is the unique Grid node that runs GPAN and represents the whole network to share network resources to Grids without Grid involvement of network devices. GPAN provides the Grid Proxy service (GPS) to interface with Grid services and applications, and the Grid Delegation service (GDS) to interface with network services to utilize network resources. In some cases, resource-based XML messaging can be employed for the GPAN proxy communication.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
Systems and methods for electronic communicationsTal Lavian Ph.D.
Embodiments of the invention provide a system for enhancing user interaction with the Internet of Things. The system includes a processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory includes a database having one or more options corresponding to each of the Internet of Things. The memory further includes instructions executable by the processor to share at least one of the one or more options with one or more users of the things. Further, the instructions receive information corresponding to selection of the at least one option by the one or more users. Additionally, the instructions update the database based on the selection of the at least one option by the one or more users. Further, a device for enhancing interaction with the things is also disclosed.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
Radar target detection system for autonomous vehicles with ultra-low phase no...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
An object detection system for autonomous vehicle, comprising a radar unit and at least one ultra-low phase noise frequency synthesizer, is provided. The radar unit configured for detecting the presence and characteristics of one or more objects in various directions. The radar unit may include a transmitter for transmitting at least one radio signal; and a receiver for receiving the at least one radio signal returned from the one or more objects. The ultra-low phase noise frequency synthesizer may utilize Clocking device, Sampling Reference PLL, at least one fixed frequency divider, DDS and main PLL to reduce phase noise from the returned radio signal. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art Radar Systems by providing much lower level of phase noise which would result in improved performance of the radar system in terms of target detection, characterization etc. Further, a method for autonomous vehicle is also disclosed.
Various embodiments allow Grid applications to access resources shared in communication network domains. Grid Proxy Architecture for Network Resources (GPAN) bridges Grid services serving user applications and network services controlling network devices through proxy functions. At times, GPAN employs distributed network service peers (NSP) in network domains to discover, negotiate and allocate network resources for Grid applications. An elected master NSP is the unique Grid node that runs GPAN and represents the whole network to share network resources to Grids without Grid involvement of network devices. GPAN provides the Grid Proxy service (GPS) to interface with Grid services and applications, and the Grid Delegation service (GDS) to interface with network services to utilize network resources. In some cases, resource-based XML messaging can be employed for the GPAN proxy communication.
Method and apparatus for scheduling resources on a switched underlay networkTal Lavian Ph.D.
A method and apparatus for resource scheduling on a switched underlay network (18) enables coordination, scheduling, and scheduling optimization to take place taking into account the availability of the data and the network resources comprising the switched underlay network (18). Requested transfers may be fulfilled by assessing the requested transfer parameters, the availability of the network resources required to fulfill the request, the availability of the data to be transferred, the availability of sufficient storage resources to receive the data, and other potentially conflicting requested transfers. In one embodiment, the requests are under-constrained to enable transfer scheduling optimization to occur. The under-constrained nature of the requests enable transfer scheduling optimization to occur. The under-constrained nature of the requests enables requests to be scheduled taking into account factors such as transfer priority, transfer duration, the amount of time it has been since the transfer request was submitted, and many other factors.
Dynamic assignment of traffic classes to a priority queue in a packet forward...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
An apparatus and method for dynamic assignment of classes of traffic to a priority queue. Bandwidth consumption by one or more types of packet traffic received in the packet forwarding device is monitored to determine whether the bandwidth consumption exceeds a threshold. If the bandwidth consumption exceeds the threshold, assignment of at least one type of packet traffic of the one or more types of packet traffic is changed from a queue having a first priority to a queue having a second priority.
Method and apparatus for using a command design pattern to access and configu...Tal Lavian Ph.D.
An XML accessible network device is capable of performing functions in response to an XML encoded request transmitted over a network. It includes a network data transfer service, coupled to a network, that is capable of receiving XML encoded requests from a client also connected to the network. A service engine is capable of understanding and parsing the XML encoded requests according to a corresponding DTD. The service engine further instantiates a service using parameters provided in the XML encoded request and launches the service for execution on the network device in accordance with a command design parameter. A set of device APIs interacts with hardware and software on the network device for executing the requested service on the network device. If necessary, a response is further collected from the device and provided to the client in a response message.
Embodiments of the invention provide means to the users of the system to provide ratings and corresponding feedback for enhancing the genuineness in the ratings. The system includes a memory coupled to a processor. The memory includes one or more instructions executable by the processor to enable the users of the system to rate each other based on at least one of sharing, exchanging, and selling one of activity, service or product. The system may provide a mechanism to encourage genuineness in ratings provided by the users. Furthermore, the instructions facilitate the rating receivers to provide feedbacks corresponding to the received ratings. The feedback includes accepting or objecting to a particular rating. Moreover, the memory includes instructions executable by the processor to enable the system to determine genuineness of an objection raised by a rating receiver.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a system for enhancing reliability in computation of ratings provided by a user over a social network. The system comprises of a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory further comprises a rater score database, a satisfaction database, a social network registration database, a user profile database, and a plurality of instruction executable by the processor. Said instructions in the memory are enabled to accept a message from at least one user wherein said message comprises a satisfaction score associated with at least one service provider and to retrieve a rater score associated with said at least one user from said rater score database. Further, the memory includes instructions in order to compute a new satisfaction score based on said rater score and said satisfaction score and update said satisfaction database to include said new satisfaction score. In a similar manner, the new satisfaction score can be computed based upon the information stored in the social network registration database and user profile database.
Systems and methods for visual presentation and selection of ivr menuTal Lavian Ph.D.
Embodiments of the invention provide a system for generating an Interactive Voice Response (IVR) database, the system comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor. The memory comprising a list of telephone numbers associated with one or more destinations implementing IVR menus, wherein the one or more destinations are grouped based on a plurality of categories of the IVR menus. Further the memory includes instructions executable by said processor for automatically communicating with the one of more destinations, and receiving at least one customization record from said at least one destination to store in the IVR database.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
A system for providing ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizers using Fractional-N PLL (Phase Lock Loop), Sampling Reference PLL and DDS (Direct Digital Synthesizer). Modern day advanced communication systems comprise frequency synthesizers that provide a frequency output signal to other parts of the transmitter and receiver so as to enable the system to operate at the set frequency band. The performance of the frequency synthesizer determines the performance of the communication link. Current days advanced communication systems comprises single loop Frequency synthesizers which are not completely able to provide lower phase deviations for errors (For 256 QAM the practical phase deviation for no errors is 0.4-0.5°) which would enable users to receive high data rate. This proposed system overcomes deficiencies of current generation state of the art communication systems by providing much lower level of phase deviation error which would result in much higher modulation schemes and high data rate.
Enabling Active Flow Manipulation In Silicon-based Network Forwarding Engines
1. Enabling Active Flow Manipulation In
Silicon-based Network Forwarding
Engines
Tal Lavian - tlavian@Nortelnetworks.com
Phil Wang, Ramesh Durairaj, Jennifer Rasimas, Doan Hoang,
Franco Travostino.
Nortel Networks, Advanced Technology Labs
Open Source - http://www.openetlab.org
May 28-29, 2002 1
DANCE Exposition
2. • AN technology Transfer
• Issues in the realization of AN technologies
• Main contributions of the paper.
• Commercial Active Services Platform
• Application Example 1 – SSL
• Application Example 2 – ASF
• A Demo Application
• Next Generation Active Services Platform
• Conclusion
May 28-29, 2002 2
Outline of the talk
DANCE Exposition
3. May 28-29, 2002 3
AN Technology Transfer
Great Ideas
Usable/Realizable
Mechanisms/Products
DANCE Exposition
Active Nets Community
Active Nets Community
Active Nets Ideas
Active Nets Ideas
Real
Active
Services
Products
Current Internet
Technology
Scan the technology horizon
4. Lack of industrial-strength Active Network
devices that dispel major concerns:
May 28-29, 2002 4
DANCE Exposition
AANN iissssuueess
• AN requires substantial supports from a NOS
• AN introduces substantial software component,
hence delay on the data path
• AN lacks adequate measures to addressing integrity
and security of network devices.
5. May 28-29, 2002 5
Main contributions of the paper
Dynamically control ASICs and MEMs
• Active Flow Manipulation Concept
DANCE Exposition
— Flow abstraction
— Actions on Flows
— Control/Data separation
• Openet Platform
— Commercial Network Devices
— Runtime Environment
— Active Services
• Applications
6. May 28-29, 2002 6
Active Flow Manipulation
DANCE Exposition
Forwarding
Processor
Forwarding
Processor
Packet
Policy
Filters
AFM
Packet
Filte
r
Packet
Action
• A key enabling
technology of
Openet
• Two abstractions
— Primitive flows
— Primitive actions
• Customer network
services exercise
active network
control
— Identifying specific flows
— Apply actions to alter
network behavior in real-time
AFM is well suited to work with
underlying high-throughput ASICs
8. May 28-29, 2002 8
Openet: An active service platform
User Oplets
ORE JFWD
CPU
JNI/Native Code
Monitor status
DANCE Exposition
JVM
MEM …
Filtered packets New forwarding rules
Forwarding Engine
OpletService,
Shell, Logger
Jcapture, HTTP,
IpPacket
Standard Services
ANTS
Application services Firewall, DiffServ
Function Services
Control Plane
Data Plane
9. Nortel Networks’ contributions to
Active Services
• Practical Active Services Architecture on real network device.
• Commercial Active Services platform.
— ASF - Product
— SSL – Product
— Open Active Architecture for more product
— Alteon+iSD as a research platform
— L3 programmable routing switch PP8600 – used by research community
— Photonic Switch – Early prototype
— Active VPN – Carrier A
— Active fault diagnostic – Carrier A
— Active SLA reliability
— Active Extranet on Demand – CeNTIE- Media post production industry
— Early stages in disaster recovery and fault tolerant networks
May 28-29, 2002 9
• Identify Active applications (more than Ping )
DANCE Exposition
10. Strong computation power inside
Computation
May 28-29, 2002 10
network device.
AActcitviev eS eSrevrivciecse sP Plaltaftofromrm AActcitviev eS eSrevrivciecse sP Plaltaftofromrm AActcitviev eS eSrevrivciecse sP Plaltaftofromrm Active Services Platform
Intercepts selected flows
and performs intelligent
processing based on L2-
L7 filtering
Users Servers
The emphasis is on interception and
processing transparently. Entities at both
ends may not be aware of the existence of
the Alteon in the path
DANCE Exposition
Forwarding
Up to 256 Linux based engines
11. Runtime Environment
For Active Services
May 28-29, 2002 11
Alteon Switched Firewall (ASF)
A Real Product
Active Services
DANCE Exposition
Servers
AFM Action
on the data Flow
AFM Flow (Req.)
Selection
data for the session
1 1st pkt
Active Service:
Policy Checking
2 Data
12. May 28-29, 2002 12
Alteon Switched Firewall (ASF)
A Real Product
Active Services
3
Active Service:
Policy Checking
DANCE Exposition
1 1st pkt
1 Add
1 Conn.
2 Data for the session
Delete Conn. after UDP
timeout if session is inactive
Servers
AFM Flow
Selection
AFM Action
on the Flow
Runtime Environment
For Active Services
14. ASF as an Active Service Technology
• The Alteon selectively redirects new
connection requests to the Alteon Switched
Firewall Director to perform policy checking.
• The Director runs the Check Point FireWall-1
engine as an Active Service.
• The Active Service manages the connection
table, specifies rules for handling packets in
the session, passes the connection table to the
Alteon Switched Accelerator.
• 90% of traffic is accelerated, supporting a
throughput of 3.2 Gbps.
May 28-29, 2002 14
DANCE Exposition
15. • Client sends an HTTPS request
• Switch redirects request on port
443 to iSD-SSL
• iSD-SSL completes SSL
handshake
• iSD-SSL initiates HTTP connection
to server on port 80
• Switch selects real server based
on configured LB policy
• Server responds to HTTP request
and replies to the iSD-SSL
• iSD-SSL encrypts session and
sends HTTPS response to client
HTTPS, SMTP-S, POP3-S and IMAP-S services
May 28-29, 2002 15
SSL Acceleration
How Does the iiSSDD--SSSSLL AAcccceelleerraattoorr wwoorrkk??
DANCE Exposition
16. Active Services Runtime Environment
May 28-29, 2002 16
SSL Acceleration Cont
Encrypt
Decrypt Server
DANCE Exposition
Servers
Policy
Check
Conn.
Splice
Selection
AFM Action
on the data Flow
AFM Flow (Req.)
Selection
data for the session accelerated
For Active Services
Data
Accelar
17. Active Services: Surviving Disasters
Active Service Creation: With the right service platform and
APIs, we were able to set the prototype in just few weeks
When a disaster strikes, there are a few seconds left to
evacuate any and all data out of the disaster area. A huge
bolus of data drops unannounced at the network edge
• Data Evacuation
— Data collection (e.g., data since last backup, sensor data, top-secret data)
— Automated network setup and data transport
Cannot have all circuits to all potential disaster areas pinned all the time!
Fast route setup, end-to-end. Bandwidth on demand
Secure access to exclusive high-priority service (akin to GETS in telephony)
May 28-29, 2002 17
Disaster sensor acts as service trigger
Policy elements (e.g., what, where to)
Secure data carriage
— Active control of both legacy and optical networks
DANCE Exposition
• Data Recovery
— Service restoration from the safe site
— Active control of both optical and legacy networks
Fast re-route setup
Bandwidth and priority
18. NAS
NAS
May 28-29, 2002 18
Disaster Recovery concept
Active Services on 10GE All-Optical
Switch
Nortel’s Active Services
DANCE Exposition
Control
Mesg
8600
NAS
8600
MEMs
Switch
Prototype
8600
1G
1G
10G
10G
NAS
1G
1G
1G
A B
C
D
X
Y
Z
B2
B3
Alteon
Alteon
Alteon
EvaQ8
OG - 1
EvaQ8
OG -2
EvaQ8
OG - 3
1. Normal App flow : Client X -> Server Z
2. Disaster Strikes at Location Z
3. EvaQ8 OG 3 sends a signal to OG1
4. OG1 instructs Photonic Switch to
connect B2 & B3 ; Server Z and Server
Y data syncd
5. On successful sync, OG2 instructs
Photonic switch to connect B1->B2.
6. Service Restored for Client X ->server
Y
Disaster Event/
Environ. Sensor
B1
Control
Mesg
NAS
NAS
1G
19. May 28-29, 2002 19
DANCE Exposition
AN Collaboration:
CeNTIE – CSRIO-Nortel
Tele-Health Focus Group
• Royal Australian College of Surgeons
• Medic Vision
• University of Sydney
• NSW Health
• Royal Prince Alfred
• Interactive Virtual Environment Centre
(IVEC).
• Centre for Medical and Surgical Skills
(CTEC).
Media Systems Focus Group
• Fox Studios
• Animal Logic
• GMD
• Film Industry Broadband Resource
• Ambience
• Enterprise (FIBRE)
• WAM!NET
• Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC)
• ScreenWest
Center for Networking Technologies for
Information Economy (CeNTIE) - a
CSIRO-led consortium including Nortel
Networks, Amcom Telecommunications,
the UNSW, UTS and the WA Interactive
Virtual Environments Centre (IVEC).
www.centie.net
20. Summary of Our Work
• We have inspired ourselves to active networks concepts
• Capable of dynamic monitoring, controlling and
modification of ASICs and MEMs
• Demonstrate Active Networks technology transfer through Nortel
Active Services platform.
• We have implemented programmable Gigabit Routing Switch
(backplane 256 Gbs)
• Active Services in the control plane (slows down in the data plane)
May 28-29, 2002 20
— New Active Services platform: Openet + Alteon + iSD
DANCE Exposition
— AFM abstraction
• The granularity is streams and not packets
— Short time granularity (part of apps and not human intervention,
keyboard, telnet, cli, snmp)
21. May 28-29, 2002 21
Summary of Our Our Work (cont.)
• Enabling New Types of intelligence on
programmable network device to handle
Infinite Bandwidth resources, Wire speed
routing capability, and nontrivial Streaming
media application.
DANCE Exposition
23. May 28-29, 2002 23
Client And Server Authentication
DANCE Exposition
1 User opens session
2 Sends server certificate
Requests client certificate 3
Serves request/response
7
Send encrypted data to back
6 end
Validates the client certificate info.
5
Private key
Confidential
4
Client sends the certificate with public key
Public key
Published
24. Strong computation power inside
network device.
Load balance of iSDs (and servers)
May 28-29, 2002 24
iSD iSD iSD iSD
DANCE Exposition
User connections
Intelligent Processing such
As Load Balancing, Optimizing
Bandwidth, Specialized services
Server
Server
Server
Server
Server
Server
Balancing servers
Connections terminate at the Alteon
Balancing iSDs
Balancing can be based on
•load, or
•Functionality
Powerful generic processors do not have the filtering capability of the Alteon. That is
if they have to do the same thing as the Alteons, they have to do filtering in software, hence slow.
•An API is needed for exploring this filtering capacity
25. May 28-29, 2002 25
Content Re-route
Optical Ring
DANCE Exposition
Mirror Server
Data Server
• Resource optimization (route 2)
— Alternative lightpath
• Route to mirror sites (route 3)
— Lightpath setup failed
— Load balancing
— Long response time
– Congestion
– Fault
Route 1
Route 2
Route 3
Editor's Notes
Here is the outline of the talk.
First I will identify several driving forces that led us in this direction of programmable networking
Next, I review some basic functionality of a routing network element.
Then I introduce our idea when we develop the AFM concept
I will describe a framework for which AFM can be applied
I will also describe several relevant examples using AFM and the platform
Finally I conclude with a hint of what we go from here.
To me as a researcher : to be able to implement several of our new congestion control algorithms on a real router.
For Nortel Networks: potential revenue generating direction by inventing and developing advanced technology/
By looking at the Internet from users’ perspective, service providers’ perspective and network providers’ perspective, we have identified several driving forces that steered us in this direction of research:
Users want intelligent services
Service providers want to differentiate their service and offer new services in: time to market, flexibility and by managing their services
Network Providers want to manage their services efficiently and economically. They want to sell, lease their resources at premium price.
They want to sell bandwidth on-demand, etc.
Above all we need programmability in network devices for introducing, enabling all kinds of intelligent services.
What we need : a framework, a platform independent API.
Database of what to be done based on SLA
Database of possible filters of interests
AFM defines a set of primitive flows and operation to obtain composite flows
AFM defines a set of primitive actions
Flow and Action can form an algebra in the most general sense. One can actually design machine with this algebra.
The main interest is in identifying specific flows and applying actions to alter the behaviour in real-time.
iSD acts as a transparent proxy; source IP addresses are preserved.
Not only does it work with HTTP type of traffic but it can now also handle other protocols: Additional (besides HTTPS) virtual servers for SMTP-S and POP3-S and IMAP-S services are created. Each virtual SSL server listens to a specific TCP port and is mapped to a virtual (VIP) on the Web switch. Each server must be assigned a unique number.
Tele-Health user information:
Medic Vision – an Australian organisation that commercializes Tele-Health applications (e.g. robotics)
University of Sydney: Chris Liddle (Doctorate of Pharmecology). Interest lies in Information Technology as it applies to health initiatives.
NSW Health: Representation from the group involved with Tele-health initiatives.
Royal Prince Alfred:
IVEC: organisations including CSIRO, University of Western Australia, Curtin University of Technology, Central TAFE.
Media Systems Information about user groups
Animal Logic: film Industry adds special effects.
GMD
Ambience:
FIBRE:
WAM!NET:
ABC
ScreenWest: constorium of companies based in Western Australia that work on film industry related activities.
This slide describes how the authentication is performed with an Alteon SSL Acceleration solution
This whole process enables authentication of both server and client through certificate and key verifications
Authenticating both clients and servers is a critical need for applications like B2B, extranets and financial. Not only the server has to identify itself to the client but also the user has to be identified for the transaction to be valid.
Authenticating servers only is sufficient in most B2C e-Commerce transactions because the customer has to be reassured about buying on a real and known site while the site does not care about who is buying as long as the credit card information are valid.