This document discusses the causes and treatment of watery eyes. It begins by defining watery eyes as excess tearing caused by overproduction of tears or obstruction of tear drainage. The two main types are lacrimation due to excessive tear production and epiphora due to issues with the tear drainage system. The tear production system and drainage system anatomy are described. Causes of excess tearing include inflammation, irritation, and hypersecretion. Causes of defective drainage include punctal malposition, obstructions, and lacrimal pump failure. Evaluation involves examining the eyes and testing tear drainage function. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include punctal dilation, lacrimal intubation, dacryocystorhinostomy surgery
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Understanding the far point is essential in diagnosing and managing refractive errors of the eye. It is the distance at which objects appear in sharp focus when the eye is relaxed, and it plays a crucial role in determining the appropriate prescription for eyeglasses or contact lenses.
Retinoscopy is a valuable tool for eye doctors to diagnose and manage refractive errors and other eye conditions. It is a safe, non-invasive, and relatively quick procedure that provides important information about the health of the eye. If you have any concerns about your vision, be sure to consult with an eye doctor who can perform a retinoscopy exam and provide the appropriate treatment.
Ophthalmology Eye care Presentation, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction, medical residency training presentation, ear nose and throat approach to nasolacrimal surgeries, federal medical centre lokoja, kogi state, Nigeria, ophthalmology surgery
Understanding the far point is essential in diagnosing and managing refractive errors of the eye. It is the distance at which objects appear in sharp focus when the eye is relaxed, and it plays a crucial role in determining the appropriate prescription for eyeglasses or contact lenses.
Retinoscopy is a valuable tool for eye doctors to diagnose and manage refractive errors and other eye conditions. It is a safe, non-invasive, and relatively quick procedure that provides important information about the health of the eye. If you have any concerns about your vision, be sure to consult with an eye doctor who can perform a retinoscopy exam and provide the appropriate treatment.
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2. WATERY EYES
Watering Eye
Lacrimation Epiphora
Excess tearing may
cause a sensation of
watery eyes or result in
tears falling down the
cheek. Watering of the
eyes is due to over-
production of tears by
the lacrimal gland or
obstruction of lacrimal
drainage path.
3. TYPES OF WATERY EYES
Lacrimation
Watering that occurs secondary to
excessive tear production in the
presence of a normal excretory
system.
Epiphora
• Watering that occurs secondary to
abnormal excretory system in the
presence of normal tear secretion.
6. TEAR
COMPOSITION
AND
SECRETION
• It is the inner most layer, secreted by goblet
cells, alters the surface tension & increases
the adhesion to the cornea.
Mucin Layer/ Mucous Layer
• It is the most thick layer, secreted by the
accessory lacrimal glands. Composed of
water, electrolytes, inorganic salts, urea,
protein & glucose.
Aqueous Layer
• Secreted by Meibomian gland, prevents
evaporation of tears. Consists of cholesterol
and lipids.
Oily Layer/ Lipid Layer
8. LACRIMAL
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
PHYSIOLOGY
• Tears drain into the puncta by
capillary action and also due to the
negative pressure created by the
sac.
• As the sac is surrounded by the
orbicularis oculi muscle, normal
blinking movement results is
negative pressure in the sac when
lids are open and positive pressure
when lids are closed.
9. PATHOLOGY OF
THE TEAR FILM
• Kerato-conjunctivitis Sicca
Deficiency of the aqueous layer
• Paradoxical watering
Deficiency of the mucous layer (compensatory
excessive aqueous secretion)
10. CAUSES OF
LACRIMATION:
• Secondary to ocular inflammation or surface
disease
• Emotional distress
• Irritation of the eyes (smoke, dust, foreign
body and injury)
Hypersecretion
11. CAUSES OF
EPIPHORA
• Malposition of the lacrimal puncta (e.g.
ectropion)
• Obstruction (e.g. anywhere along the
drainage system)
• Lacrimal pump failure (e.g. lower lid laxity or
weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscle)
Defective drainage
18. CONCLUSION
• The proper diagnosis and treatment of watering eye is important due to its
impact on the outcome of many other ocular procedures.
• Undiagnosed and untreated watering eye substantially decreases the
patient’s quality of life, visual acuity and impairs social contact.