Egypt becomes an Empire.....

1. New
Kingdom

2. Memphis
Giza
Saqqara
Thebes
Nubia
Tanis
Phoenicia
Crete
Knossos
Jerusalem

3. Tigris
Euphrates
UR
URK
Lagash
Sumer
Babylon
Ural Sea
Persian Gulf

4. New Kingdom
Thebes drives out the Hyksos.
Egypt becomes a world power and Empire.
Egypt ruled by the military who chooses Pharaoh

5. Map of New Kingdom Egypt

6. Amosis I 1550–1525 BC
18th Dynasty
Amosis rallies all of central Egypt and builds
a great army and navy.

7. He defeats the Hyksos and takes their capital in
Palestine.

8. He builds a fortresses on the
Island of Shaat in Nubia.
The women play important roles
in government, some become
national icons.

9. Give praise to the lady of the land,
The mistress of the shores of Hau-
nebut, Whose reputation is high
over every foreign land,
Who governs the masses, The
king’s wife, the sister of the
sovereign (life, prosperity, and
health!),The king’s daughter, the
noble king’s mother, The wise one,
Who takes care of Egypt. She has
gathered together its officials And
guarded them; She has rounded up
its fugitives And gathered up its
deserters; She has pacified Upper
Egypt And subdued its rebels: The
king’s wife, Ahhotep, may she
live.

10. Amosis I c. 1550–1525 BC
Amosis’ pyramid complex at Abdju

11. Instead of pyramids, Kings hid their burial sights in
the side of the cliffs around Thebes.

12. Tutmosis I coffin made by daughter Hatshepsut in the Valley of the Kings

13. Hatshepsut c. 1479–1458 BC,
Came to the throne as regent to her
stepson.
“His son arose in his place as king
of the Two Lands, having assumed
rule upon the throne of his begetter;
while his sister, the god’s wife
Hatshepsut, conducted the affairs
of the land, the Two Lands being in
her counsels. She is served; Egypt
bows [its] head”.

14. Hatshepsut c. 1479–1458 BC,
On some monuments, she re-carved the image to show her as
a man.

15. Hatshepsut c. 1479–1458 BC

16. Hatshepsut c. 1479–1458 BC,
She strongly supports
trade, business, and
peace.
Ushering in decades of
prosperity.

17. Hatshepsut c. 1479–1458 BC,
She builds the most
famous temple in the
Valley of the Kings.

18. Hatshepsut c. 1479–1458 BC,

20. Hatshepsut c. 1479–1458 BC,
She rebuilds Thebes grandly, and improves cities everywhere.

21. In 1458, Thutmose III succeeds her.
He orders her statues smashed.

22. Tutmosis III 1479–1425 BC
He led seventeen international
war campaigns with a
professional standing army.

23. Tutmosis III 1479–1425 BC
“The Napoleon of Egypt“, he
captures 350 cities during his
rule.

24. Tutmosis III 1479–1425 BC
He personally led his troops in
battle.
“Be steadfast, be steadfast! Be
vigilant, be vigilant!”, said the
King, as he appeared in the
center of his infantry, standing
on a chariot of electrum and
clad in shining armor—a
dazzling sight to inspire his
troops and intimidate the enemy
who fled.”

25. He records the stupendous booty
from the Battle of Megiddo at
Thebes:
two thousand horses and a
thousand chariots; almost two
thousand cattle, the same number
of goats, and more than twenty
thousand sheep; 1,796 male and
female slaves and their children,
and numerous prisoners of war,
including the wives of the ruler of
Kadesh.

26. Tutmosis III 1479–1425 BC
He continues building on
a lavish scale.

27. Tutmosis III 1479–1425 BC
He continues building on
a lavish scale.

29. Migrates and slaves filled Egyptian
towns and cities.
Egyptians learn glass making from
Sumerian immigrants.

30. Jews in Egypt
Some scholars believe Moses (c1391–1271 BCE) lived
contemporarily with Tutmosis III rather than the traditional
King Ramses the Great.

31. Ikhnaton 1353–1336 BC
The most controversial and
enigmatic pharaoh.
He degreed only one God
mattered (monotheism) the
Aten, and outlawed all other
religions.

32. Amenophis Ikhnaton 1353–1336 BC

33. Amenophis Ikhnaton 1353–1336 BC
He built a new
capital Akhet-Aten,
He ignored foreign
affairs and poured
all of Egypt's’ wealth
into his city and
religion.
Egypt lost Syria to
the Hittite Kingdom.

34. He built Sun temples throughout
Egypt.

35. Amenophis Ikhnaton 1353–1336 BC
While kings of the past
stressed their role in
upholding maat ,
Akhenaten said he lived
on maat like the gods
themselves.

36. Amenophis Ikhnaton 1353–1336 BC
You shine forth in beauty on the horizon of heaven,
O living Aten, the creator of life! When you rise on the eastern horizon,
You fill every land with your beauty .Beautiful, great, dazzling ,High over every
land,
Your rays encompass the lands To the limit of all that you have made.…
The earth is bright when you rise on the horizon ,And shine as Aten of the
daytime.
You dispel the darkness When you send out your rays. The Two Lands are in
festival …
All the herds are at peace in their pastures, Trees and plants grow green ,Birds
fly up from their nests
…Fish in the river leap in your presence ,Your rays are in the midst of the sea.
…How manifold are your deeds, Though hidden from sight. Sole god, apart from
whom there is no other,
You created the earth according to your desire, when you were alone
.All people, cattle, and flocks, All upon earth that walk on legs ,All on high that fly
with wings …
Your rays nurse every pasture ;When you rise, they live and prosper for you. You
made the seasons to foster everything of your making—

37. Nefertari’s Tomb

38. King Tutankhamen1332–1323 BC.
Akhenaten’s nine-year-old son
succeded him Tutankhaten, “the
living image of the Aten.”
Picked and controlled by the
priests of the old religions, and
military.

39. King Tutankhamen1332–1323 BCE.
He starts restoring the traditional Gods, yet dies
mysteriously before his 20th birthday in 1322 BCE.

40. King Tutankhamen1332–1323 BCE He tomb in
the Valley of the Kings forgotten, until Howard Carter discovered it in 1922.

41. King Tutankhamen1332–1323 BCE The most
famous find in Egyptian archeology.

44. King Tutankhamen1332–1323 BCE

45. King Tutankhamen1332–1323 BCE

51. His widow (Ankhesenamun )
arranges a marriage with a
Hittite prince.
However, he was assassinated on
the Egyptian board.
The Hittites took more lands
from Egypt.

52. Ramses II 1303 BC – 1213 BCE
19th Dynasty
Ramses the Great the
most celebrated, and
powerful pharaoh of the
New Kingdom.

53. Battle of Kadesh May 1274 BC
In 1274, he leads an
army against the
Hittite King Muwatalli.

54. Battle of Kadesh May 1274 BC

55. Hittites
3,700 heavy chariots
37,000 infantry.
Egyptians
20,000 troops divided into 4
divisions. Light chariots and
infantry

56. Battle of Kadesh May 1274 BC

57. Battle of Kadesh May 1274 BC

58. Battle of Kadesh May 1274 BC

59. Battle of Kadesh May 1274 BC

60. "I found the 2,500 chariots, in whose midst
I was, sprawling before my horse. Not one
of them found his hand to fight...and they
were unable to shoot. They found not their
hearts to seize their javelins."

61. Battle of Kadesh May 1274 BC

62. A truce the next day.

63. Hattusili and Ramses proclaim the
first known Peace Treaty in history.
Peace between Egypt and Hittite
Egyptian northern boarder set at
Byblos.

64. Behold, Hattusili, the ruler of the
Hittites, binds himself by treaty to
Usermaatra, chosen-one-of-Ra, the
great ruler of Egypt, beginning today,
so that perfect peace and
brotherhood may be created
between us forever—he being in
brotherhood and peace with me, and
I being in brotherhood and peace
with him, forever

65. Harsh treatment for Egyptian troops
that fled.
None of you was there...None rose to lend
me his hand in my fight...None of you
came later to tell the story of his heroic
deeds in Egypt...The foreigners who saw
me, praise my name to the end of all lands
where I was not known...Since ancient
times a man was honored for his fighting
abilities, but I will not reward any of you, as
you have abandoned me when I was alone
fighting my enemies."

66. Ramses II 1303 BC – 1213 BC
Ramses triumphantly returns to
Egypt proclaiming it a great
victory, although it was a draw
or loss.
The Hittites annex Kadesh and
the surrounding provinces.

67. Ramses II
Ramses promoted it as the greatest Egyptian victory in history
on hundreds of temple walls, obelisks, and frescos.

69. Ramses II
He improves cities, temples and monuments.
At Abu Simbel, four colossal seated statues of Ramses (each 20
meters high) guard the temple.

70. Abu Simbel

74. Temple to Nephatari

75. Ramses II

76. Ramses II 1279–1213 BC

77. Ramses II

78. Temple of Karnak

79. Most scholars think Moses led the Hebrews (Jews)
out of Egypt during his long reign.

80. Ramses III 1186–1155 BCE
Last effective military
pharaoh, barely fights off
another invasion of the Sea
Peoples.

81. The Sea People destroy the Hittite Kingdom.

82. Egypt had 11 pharaohs named Ramses, the most popular name.

83. Egypt divides internally into two states.
Libyans first immigrated legally to Egypt.
They joined the army and served loyalty.
Decline of New Kingdom

84. In 1069 BCE, a Libyan general became pharaoh, dividing Egypt into two
parallel states.
Each didactic half had its own system of government, administration, and
ceremonial capital.
Decline of New Kingdom

85. Each didactic half had its own
system of government,
administration, and ceremonial
capital

86. Decline of New Kingdom
In 728, the Kingdom of Kush
conquers Nubia, Egypt looses
its gold mines.

88. The Assyrians invade four times in
30 years. They destroy the
Libyans and sack Memphis and
Thebes.
Decline of New Kingdom

89. Decline of Egypt
• Assyrians sack Memphis and Thebes 662BC
• Darius of Persians becomes Pharaoh of Egypt 525BCE
• Alexander the Great becomes Pharaoh Egypt 332BCE
• Egypt becomes a colony of Rome in 30BCE

90. Cleopatra VII the last Pharaoh of Egypt
considered herself the daughter of Isis

91. end
• 639 CE Arabs conquer Egypt
• Followed by the Ottoman, French, and British
Empires
• Egypt would not be an independent Nation
State until February 22, 1922 after President
Woodrow Wilson forced the Europeans to give
up colonial empires.

94. • Amun Thebian god of the wind
• Husband of Mut
• And father to the Moon
• After Thebes drives out the
Hysksos
• Amun is merged with RA to
become Amun RA

95. NEXT TIME
NEW CENTERS
OF CIVILIZATION
Pgs 54-60