Portugal takes the lead in Global Trade Empires. World History

4. Europeans search for new trade routes.

5. Europeans search for new trade routes.

6. Europeans search for new trade routes.

7. Europeans search for new trade routes.

8. Europeans search for new trade routes.

9. Europeans search for new trade routes.

10. The Roles of States in Maritime Exploration

11. The Roles of States in Maritime Exploration

12. The Roles of States in Maritime Exploration

13. The Roles of States in Maritime Exploration

14. The Roles of States in Maritime Exploration

15. The Roles of States in Maritime Exploration

16. Mercantilism

17. Mercantilism

18. Mercantilism

19. Mercantilism

20. Mercantilism

21. Mercantilism

22. The Expansion of European Maritime Exploration

23. Portugal takes the lead.

25. Mehmet II: 1444--1481
(“The Conqueror”)
In 1453, Mehmet II, the Ottomans, took the city of Constantinople, ending the
Roman Empire in the East (Byzantine Empire).

26. Venice takes over most of the trade routes of the small Empire in 1265
* Istambul
The Ottomans now controlled and closed international trade to Europe, which
the Italian City-States monopolized.

27. Motives for Portugal
“Gold, glory , and God!”
1. God  convert people to Christianity called missionaries.
2. Glory fame, adventure, fun and danger.
3. Gold  trade, spices, tea; by-pass Ottomans to get to China.
Portugal takes the lead.

28. A Map of the KnownWorld 1480Portugal takes the lead.

29. Portugal takes the lead.

30. Portugal takes the lead.

31. Prince Henry, the Navigator
1394-1460 Developed ships to trade, destroy pirates, and search for
African gold.
Portugal takes the lead.

32. NewWeaponsTechnology

34. Portuguese Maritime Empire
1. Exploring the west coast of Africa.
2. Bartolommeo Dias, 1487 Cape of
Good Hope.
3. Vasco da Gama, 1498.
Calicut India.
4. AdmiralAlfonso deAlbuquerque,
Macau 1511 to Spice Islands.
Portugal takes the lead.

35. Portugal takes the lead.

36. Ottoman
Empire
Portugal
Bartolomeo Dias 1487
Vasco da Gama, 1498
Alfonso de
Albuquerque 1511
Portugal takes the lead.

37. • The gold rich Kingdom of Mali dominated the Saharan trade routes.

42. Portugal takes the lead.

43. • Vasco da Gama arrived in Calcutta in 1498.
Portugal takes the lead.

44. He filled his ships with spices.
Portugal takes the lead.

45. • He returned to Portugal and made a profit of several thousand percent!
Portugal takes the lead.

46. • The Portuguese conquered Goa (India) and used it as a major port.
Portugal takes the lead.

47. • In 1510, Afonso de Albuquerque captured Goa when Indian merchants resisted
Portuguese policies.
Portugal takes the lead.

49. • Admiral Alfonzo de Albuquerque claimed Malacca, Indonesia.
Portugal takes the lead.

50. • AdmiralAlfonzo deAlbuquerque sunk African and Muslim ships everywhere he sailed.
Portugal takes the lead.

51. • By 1514, they had reached China.
Portugal in East Asia

52. • Roman Catholic missionaries followed (Dominican and Franciscan) to convert the
people to Catholicism.
Portugal in East Asia.

53. • The Jesuits arrived in Macau, and attempted to win over elite Chinese society with
science.
Portugal in East Asia.

54. • Matteo Ricci (1582 Italian) and Adam Schall von Bell (1619 Germany) impressed some
Chinese, yet they failed to gain many converts.
Portugal in East Asia.

55. • Educated Chinese considered the Europeans barbarians, and tolerated their presence
at most.
Portugal in East Asia.

56. • Catholicism did worst in Japan.
Portugal in East Asia.

57. • In the 1549, Portuguese missionaries followed traders to Japan.
Portugal in East Asia.

58. • In the 16th Century, Portuguese missionaries went to Japan.
Portugal in East Asia.

59. • Portuguese missionaries made large Christian settlements during the 16th Century on
the Japanese islands.
Portugal in East Asia.

60. • However, the Japanese Shogun outlawed Christianity, and expelled all foreigners from
Japan.
Portugal in East Asia.

61. • The Portuguese continued to build forts along the maritime routes.
Trading Post Empire

62. • Homuz 1507, Goa 1510, Malacca 1511.
Trading Post Empire

63. Trading Post Empire

64. Trading Post Empire

65. Trading Post Empire

66. Portugal takes the lead.

67. Portugal looses the lead.

68. Portugal looses the lead.

69. Portugal looses the lead.

70. Portugal looses the lead.

71. Portugal looses the lead.

72. Portugal looses the lead.

73. Spain explores Westward.

74. • While Portugal sailed around Africa, the Spanish sailed west across the Atlantic
Ocean.

75. • While Portugal sailed around Africa, the Spanish sailed
west across the Atlantic Ocean.

76. Muslim Empire

77. Catholic Spain slowly won its independence from the Muslim Empire.

78. Muslim Empire

79. Muslim Empire

84. The Spanish converted the mosque of Cordoba into a Catholic Church, after Muhammad XII
surrendered (January 1492).

88. Christopher Columbus 1451-1506
Columbus argued the distance from Spain to Japan as 3,700 km, the correct
figure 19,600 km.

89. “Nothing that results from human progress is achieved through unanimous
consent, those that are enlightened before others are condemned to purse that
light in spite of others”
Christopher Columbus 1451-1506

90. Christopher Columbus 1451-1506

91. Christopher Columbus 1451-1506

92. Christopher Columbus 1451-1506
He thought he was in India.

93. Christopher Columbus 1451-1506

94. Christopher Columbus 1451-1506

95. Christopher Columbus 1451-1506

96. Christopher Columbus 1451-1506

97. TheTreaty ofTordesillas, 1494 &
The Pope’s Line of Demarcation
Portugal and Spain

98. Pre-ColumbianHistory.pptx

99. Looking for “El Dorado”

100. FernandoCortez
Conquistadors

101. FernandoCortez MontezumaII
vs.

102. The Death of Montezuma II

103. Mexico Surrenders to Cortez

104. FranciscoPizarro Atahualpa
vs.

105. Spanish and Portuguese Empires in the Americas 1550

111. The crew of Ferdinand Magellan sailed around the world opening up new
possibilities.

112. Soon, Spain colonized the Philippines (named after King Philip of Spain) and established direct
trade with China.

113. By 1600, Spain had established a huge maritime and land empire.