This topic discusses the fundamentals of pneumatic systems.

1. DP ELC P4 | ENG4095
Develop Simple Mechatronics System
Topic: Pneumatic Systems
Instructor: Engr. Celestino Cole

2. Pneumatic System
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Pneumatics - is an application of
compressed gas (air) under pressure
to generate, transmit and control
power.

3. Pneumatic System
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Pneumatic system - is a collection of
interconnected components using
compressed air to do work for
automated equipment.
Components includes:
• Compressor
• Directional control valve
• Cylinders
• Actuators

4. Air Compressor
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Air compressor - is a pneumatic device
that converts power into potential energy
stored in pressurized air.

5. Directional Control Valve
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Directional Control Valve – is used to
control the direction and rate of flow of fluid
under pressure which is delivered by the
compressor or pump from the fluid tank.

6. Directional Control Valve
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Position boxes
2-Position valve is shown by two boxes.
3-Position valve is shown by three boxes.
Every valve provides two or more usable
positions, each position providing one or
more flow paths

7. Directional Control Valve
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Valve ports
Every valve port, which appears on the outside of the valve, is supposed to be shown on the
symbol. But the ports are shown on only one of the boxes, the box that represents the flow
paths that exist at the start of the machine cycle.
2-port 2-position valve or 2/2 Valve
3-port 2-positon valve or 3/2 Valve
4-port 3-position valve or 4/3 Valve

8. Directional Control Valve
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Ports and position
DCVs are described by the number of port
connections or ways they control.

9. Directional Control Valve
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Actuators
The actuators are the devices or methods that
cause the valve to shift from one position to
another.
Valve Action Actuator
Actuator

10. Directional Control Valve
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How it works
• 3 ports / 2 position
• Pushbutton actuator
with Spring return
• Normally closed

11. Directional Control Valve
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Manual Actuators
General
Pushbutton
Lever
Foot Pedal
Mechanical Actuators
Roller
Spring return
Idle Roller

12. Directional Control Valve
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Example:
Identify this valve
Ports:
Position:
Actuators:
Normally Close/ Normally open?

13. Directional Control Valve
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Electrical Actuators
Single Solenoid
Double Solenoid
Pneumatic Actuators
Direct
Indirect, pilot operated

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Pneumatic Cylinders

15. Pneumatic Cylinders
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Pneumatic cylinders is the final component of the
pneumatic or compressed air control mechanical
device. This device converts compressed air power
into mechanical energy.

16. Pneumatic Cylinders
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Type of pneumatic cylinders
Single acting pneumatic cylinders only work on one end
of the piston

17. Pneumatic Cylinders
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Type of pneumatic cylinders
Double acting operate on both ends of the piston, one
element is used for the outstroke, while the other is used
for instroke.
instroke outstroke

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Build Simple Pneumatic Circuit
(see demonstration using
Automation Studio)