The document presents a proposal for a study on assessing knowledge regarding prevention of complications among hypertensive clients in Eastern Nepal. Hypertension is introduced as a major public health problem and precursor to diseases like heart attack, stroke, and kidney disease. The study aims to assess knowledge regarding prevention of complications and its association with demographic variables. It will use a cross-sectional design involving 285 hypertensive clients surveyed using semi-structured questionnaires. Data analysis will include descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results could help modify prevention strategies and awareness of risk factors.

1. PROPOSAL PRESENTATION
GROUP 3

2. KNOWLEDGE REGARDING
PREVENTION OF COMPLICATIONS
AMONG HYPERTENSIVE CLIENTS
IN EASTERN REGION OF NEPAL: A
HOSPITAL BASED STUDY.

3. 
Hypertension is the commonest cardiovascular
disorder and now regarded as major public health
problem .

It is a precursor to major diseases like Myocardial
Infraction , Stroke and kidney disease.

Hypertension is a chronic medical condition in which
the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated.

High blood pressure is defined as if blood pressure
is persistently at or above 140/90 mmHg.

4. 


According to global health observatory the
overall prevalence of raised blood pressure is
40% in adults aged 25years and over in 2008
globally.
In United State adults the prevalence of
hypertension of aged 18 and over was 28.6% in
2009–2010.
In Nepal the prevalence of hypertension is 26.6%
in aged ≥ 25yrs according to world health
statistics 2012.

5. 
A study done by Adri B. on knowledge of the
hypertensive person regarding prevention
strategies for coronary heart disease in South
Africa Shows only16 out of 46 respondents
achieved a percentage on or above the
competency indicator of 50%. The majority of
the
respondents’
level
of
knowledge
regarding hypertension and cardiovascular
risk factors is below the competency
indicator.

6. 
To
assess
the
Knowledge
regarding
prevention of complication of hypertension
provide a basis to educate and aware the
public regarding preventing measures of
complications. This play a significant role to
reduce the death caused by complications of
hypertension.

7. 

Hypertension is one of the most crucial health
problem and the most common chronic disease
in developed and underdeveloped countries.
Hypertension is a preventable and treatable
condition but with out treatment it leads to
serious and life threatening complications such
as heart, kidney , and brain disorders which in
most cases results in patients disability.

8. 
Prevention of complication plays significant
role in controlling this disease which by
increasing the knowledge and awareness of
the public regarding hypertension.

9. 

These diseases are potentially the cause of a
patient to admit in a critical care unit.
This study find out the gap of knowledge
regarding the subject which helps in the
modification of prevention strategies to
aware their risk factor.

10. 
B. Oluranti Familoni; S. Abayomi Ogun, and A.
Olutoyin Aina, conducted a study on knowledge
and awareness of hypertension among patients
with systemic hypertension the. There were 254
hypertensive patients were included in the study.
The result shows that 52.4% of the participants
were aware that hypertension was the
commonest non communicable disease in
Nigeria. About one in 10 patients (11.4%) was
aware that "nil symptom" is the commonest
symptom of hypertension, while 37% were not
aware that hypertension could cause renal
failure.

11. 
Line A., Pascal B, Jean P. G., Anne R., Bernard W.
and Fred P. conducted study on knowledge,
attitudes, and practices on hypertension in a
country in epidemiological transition. The study
was done in total 1067 sample aged 25 to 64
years from the Seychelles Islands. The result
shows the age-standardized prevalence of
hypertension was 36% in men and 25% in women
aged 25 to 64 years. Among hypertensive
persons, 50% were aware of the condition, 34%
were treated, and 10% had controlled BP (ie, BP
,160/95 mm Hg).

12. 
To assess the
knowledge regarding
prevention of complications of hypertension
among hypertensive clients attending medical
out patient department in Eastern region of
Nepal.

To assess the association between knowledge
regarding prevention of complications of
hypertension with selected demographic
variables.

13. 
There is no relationship between
knowledge regarding prevention of
complications
of hypertension with
selected demographic variables.

14. 

Knowledge: Knowledge is defined as knowing
what is known of a person, thing, fact or
subject. It is a person’s range of information
and includes specific knowledge about a
subject.
Complications: Any disorders resulting from
high blood pressure ie: coronary heart
disease, renal disease, Stroke, congestive
heart failure, Myocardial Infarction, Aneurism,
Dementia.

15.  Hypertension:
High
blood
pressure is defined as if blood
pressure
is persistently at or
above 140/90 mmHg.
 Hypertensive
client: Client who is
already diagnosed and currently
on the treatment of the disease.

16. Dependent variable :
 Knowledge
Independent variables:
 Education
 Occupation
 Socio-economic status
 Gender
 Family history of hypertension
 Accessibility to information
 Age

17. Knowledge
Knowledge will be scored according to the correct response of the
respondents.
The correct response will be computed into percentage.
It will be ordered in four categories:
Low level<25%,Below average25-50%,Average 50-75%, High Level 75-100%
Level of measurement: Ordinal


Education: Primary, secondary, Higher secondary, Bachlors, Master, None
Measurements: Ordinal

Occupation: Professional (Technicals, Managerials, Service) Non
professional( skilled and Non skilled workers), Business.
Measurement: Nominal

18. 




Socio-economic status: Per capita income (Ratio
scale)
Gender:(Nominal)
Previous experience: Person who have a family
with hypertension ( Nominal)
Accessibility to information: Urban areas
(Nominal)
Age: Completed years from last birthday. (Ratio)

19. Occupati
on
Gender
Family
hystory of
hypertension
Accessibility
to
information
Education
Knowledg
e
High level of
knowledge
Low level of
knowledge

20. Research design
A descriptive cross sectional study will be
used to find-out the knowledge regarding
preventions of complications on hypertension
among hypertensive patients in eastern
region of Nepal.

21. 
Setting
The study will be conducted In clients
attending medical OPDs in selected hospitals.
Study population
All diagnosed cases of hypertension attending
medical OPDs in selected hospitals.


22. 
Sample:
Diagnosed cases of hypertension fulfilling the illegibility criteria at
the time of data collection.

Sample size: 285
Sample size is calculated according to statistical analysis. Based
on power analysis using prevalence(26%) at 0.05% significant
level, power of 80%.
Sampling technique:
Stratified population proportionate random sampling technique
will be used.
Selects all hospitals of Eastern Region of Hospital.
Dividing them into strata, taken equal proportion from each strata.


23. 
Inclusion criteria: Diagnosed case of
hypertension under antihypertensive
medications.

24. 


Tool for data collection
Semi-structured questionnaire will be used to
conduct the study.
Data collection techniques
Semi structured interview will be used by the
researcher own self.
Validity of the tool:
Content validity will be established by the review
of literature, consulting with experts on the
subjects including consultant clinicians and
guides and co-guides.

25. 
Plan for data analysis:
After collection of data it will be checked for
completeness. Coding will be done. Coded data will be
intered in EXCEL and transfer in SPSS PC 16 version.
Data will be presented by descriptive statistics such as
mean, median, mode, percentage and standard
deviation to describe demographic variables and other
variables of knowledge. Chi square test will be used to
find out the association between knowledge and
selected demographic variables.

26. 





Reliability of the tool: Cronbach alpha coefficient
test will be done for the reliability of test
instrument.
Ethical considerations:
Permission will be obtained from concerned
authorities from concerned hospitals.
Informed verbal consent will be taken from each
respondents prior data collection.
Participation will be completely voluntary
Confidentiality will be maintained.

27. S
N
Activities
1.
Literature review
2.
Problem identification
3.
Proposal writing
4.
Proposal presentation
5
Tool Development
6
Tool Finalization
7
Data collection
8
Data Analysis
9
Report Writing
10
Report Presentation
11
Report Submission
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sept
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb

28. Personal cost
 Transportation
 Communication
 Refreshment
 Material cost
 Stationary
 Literature review
i)
Photocopy
ii) Printing
iii) iii) Internet

10,000
5,000
15,000
15,000
10,000
10,000
10,000

29.  Report
preparation cost
 Expert cost
 Statistician
 Translator
 Editor
 Principle investigator
 Co-investigator
 Miscellaneous
total budget
10,000
10,000
5,000
5,000
20,000
15,000
10,000
1,50,000/-

30. Dear Respondent,
Research Topic: Knowledge Regarding Prevention of
Complication of Hypertension among Hypertensive Clients
in Eastern region of Nepal : A Hospital Based Study.
I am in the process of completing the Master of science
and nursing. I therefore invite you to participate in my
research study. All that is expected from you is to answer
the asked question. The contents of the questionnaire are
about high blood pressure.
The aim of the research is to determine the knowledge
regarding prevention of complications of hypertension.

31. It would be appreciated if you could participate in
the study. All information obtained from you will be
treated as confidential at all time. To maintain the
anonymity your name will not be written in the
questionnaire. Permission for conducting this study
has been granted by the relevant authorities.
Participation in this study is voluntary and you are
free to refuse to participate or withdraw your consent
and discontinue participation at any time.
Findings from the research study will not include
any data that could identify you or any other
participants in the study. The information given by
you will not be traceable and you will therefore not
be able to recall your consent.
Thank You

32. 

Oluranti Familoni; S. Abayomi Ogun, and A. Olutoyin Aina.
(2004). knowledge and awareness of hypertension among
patients with systemic hypertension Journal of the National
Medical Association VOL.96,NO.5,
Adri, B. (2009). knowledge of the hypertensive person
regarding prevention strategies for coronary heart disease
0861 670 411(South Africa+27 11 670 9000
(International)
Available from: uir.unisa.ac.za/handle/10500/2608

Global Health Observatory (2013). Raised blood pressure
Situation and trends Available From:
www.who.int/gho/ncd/risk_factors/blood...prevalence.../i
ndex.htm