The document discusses key terms related to cellular respiration, including glycolysis, aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, ATP, ATPase, phosphorylation, and defines the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen and occurs in mitochondria, producing a large amount of ATP. Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen, and pyruvate is converted to lactate in humans or ethanol in yeast, producing no ATP. The document also notes that cellular respiration is not the same as breathing.

1. Jessie, Diego, Ting-Ting, Mychi
Key Vocabulary Words:
1) Cell Respiration: The controlled release of energy in the form of ATP from organic
compounds in cells
2) ATPase: The enzyme needed to catalyse the hydrolysis reaction of ATP breaking
down into ADP and releasing 30.7kJ of energy
3) Phosphorylation: The process of adding a phosphate group to ADP (to synthesise
ATP)
4) Glycolysis: In cell respiration, glucose in the cytoplasm breaks down into pyruvate
(three-carbon compound) with a small yield of ATP
5) Anaerobic Respiration: Respiration without using oxygen; Pyruvate in the
cytoplasm is either converted into lactate (in humans) or ethanol and carbon
dioxide (in yeast), with no yield of ATP
6) Aerobic Respiration: Respiration using oxygen; Pyruvate in the mitochondria
breaks down into carbon dioxide and water with a large yield of ATP.
7) Lactic Fermentation: Pyruvate breaks down into lactate (lactic acid) in humans - in
anaerobic respiration
8) Alcohol Fermentation: Pyruvate breaks down into alcohol and carbon dioxide in
yeast - in anaerobic respiration
*Remember, cellular respiration is not the same as breathing*
Cellular respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic compounds in cells
to from ATP.

2. Jessie, Diego, Ting-Ting, Mychi
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen. Reactions continue in the
mitochondria.
Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen

3. Jessie, Diego, Ting-Ting, Mychi
Similarities and differences between Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration: