This document appears to be a lesson plan on the myth of Daedalus and Icarus. It includes an introduction to myths, an overview and objectives of the lesson, the main story text, comprehension questions, and activities for students. The story is about the inventor Daedalus who created wings for himself and his son Icarus to escape from the island of Crete by flying. However, Icarus ignored his father's warning and flew too close to the sun, causing his wax wings to melt and him to fall to his death in the sea.

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Lesso
n 2
Overcoming
Challenges
1. Discovering Personal Challenges

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Prayer

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Checking
of Attendance

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Classroom
Rules

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1
Keep your
classroom
clean.

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Sit properly.
2

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Raise your hand
if you want to
recite.
3

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Participate
to gain points.
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Do not ask
permission to go out
during discussion.
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Do not make
unnecessary noise.
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Do not disturb me
when I’m
discussing.
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Do not cheat and
plagiarize.
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1
Preliminary
Activities

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Revie
w
What is myth?
Oral Tradition
o A myth is an ancient story created to explain natural events.
o Gods, goddesses, and heroes are among the characters in myths.
o In addition to explaining events in nature, some myths also present a
lesson on how to live, or serve as a warning to follow the rules of
the society.
o Like other stories, myth also observes the specific elements which
help in the development of the text.
o Characterization, Setting, Plot, Theme, and Point of view are the
significant elements of a myth.

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Overview of the
Lesson
o “The story of Daedalus and Icarus” is a myth.
o It discusses adventures and mistakes of heroes or
characters.

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Initial Activity
Directions: Accomplish the Story Anticipation-Reaction Guide below:
DISAGREE AGREE STATEMENT WERE YOU RIGHT?
1. Daedalus is a famous architect and
inventor.
2. Daedalus created a maze for King Minos
so complex that nobody could escape
from it.
3. To keep Daedalus from revealing the
secrets of the maze, Minos imprison him
and his son, Icarus.
4. Icarus drowned in the sea.

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Objectives
2

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Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
a. Determine how connected events contribute to the totality of
a material viewed (EN10VC-Ia-1.4/2.4)
b. Compare new insights with previous learning (EN10RC-If-21)
c. Express insights based on the ideas presented in the material
viewed (EN10VC-Id-25)
d. Explain how the elements specific to a selection build its theme
(EN10LT-Ia-14.2)

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Lesson Proper
3

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Daedalus
and Icarus
by Nick Pontikis

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Those who could not be able to
answer the questions in between
the discussion have to submit an
exit slip before leaving the
classroom.

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Daedalus and Icarus
by Nick
Pontikis

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Daedalus and Icarus
Daedalus-his name means "skilled worker- was a famous
architect, inventor, and master craftsman known for having created
many objects that figure prominently in various myths. He had a
beloved son named Icarus.
Among the many inventions and creations crafted by Daedalus
were the wooden cow he constructed for Queen Pasiphae, the
Labyrinth of the Minotaur at Knossos on the island of Crete, artificial
wings for himself and his son Icarus, and he was even said to have
invented images.

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1. Who are the characters
mentioned in the first part of
the story?
2. What did Daedalus created
or invented?

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The infamous Labyrinth was so cunningly crafted that Daedalus
himself could barely find his way out after constructing it. With
countless winding passages and turns that opened into one another,
the Labyrinth appeared to have neither beginning nor end. Daedalus
built the maze to imprison the Minotaur, half man half bull beast.
His homeland was Athens but his parentage is uncertain.
Alcippe, Merope, and Iphinoe are all mentioned at different times as
being his mother. His father's identity was never precisely
established, but many claim that it was Metion, son of Erectheus.

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3. Why did they
imprison the
minotaur?

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For a short time, his apprentice was his sister's son Perdix. But
Daedalus was so proud of his achievements that he could not bear
the idea of a rival. His sister had placed her son Perdix under his
charge to be taught the mechanical arts.
Perdix was an apt scholar and showed striking evidence of
ingenuity. According to Ovid, imitating it, he took a piece of iron and
notched it on the edge, and thus invented the saw.

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4. Based on the
highlighted statement of
the story, what do you
think will happen?

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Perdix also put two pieces of iron together, connecting them at
one end with a rivet, and sharpening the other ends, and made a pair
of compasses.
Daedalus was so envious of his nephew's accomplishments
that he seized an opportunity to toss him from the hill of the
Acropolis. As he was plunging to his death, however, the goddess
Athena turned Perdix into a partridge to save him.

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5. What did Perdix
created or
invented?

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Other sources claim instead that his apprentice was his nephew
Talos. They say that it was Talos, at the age of twelve, who displayed
a skill that nearly rivaled his mentor's. Daedalus, fearing that the boy
would surpass him in talent, murdered the boy by tossing him from
the Acropolis of Athens.
He was then tried at the Areopagus, which was the ancient
Greek court, and banished from his home city of Athens. He fled to
the island of Crete, where he began to work at the court of King
Minos and Queen Pasiphae, in the magnificent palace of Knossos.

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6. Where are the
two main settings
mentioned in the
story?

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It is said that Daedalus was the first to conceive masts and
sails for ships for the navy of Minos, helping Crete become a
naval power. The statues he carved were so exquisite, they
looked as if they were alive.
Daedelus also constructed a wooden cow for the queen to
hide in to satisfy her amorous longings for a white bull sent by
Poseidon.

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When the dreadful Minotaur was born, Daedalus built the
Labyrinth to contain the monstrous half-man, half-bull. For years,
Minos demanded a tribute of youths from Athens to feed the
creature as punishment for the accidental killing of his son while he
was visiting Athens.
Eventually, the Athenian hero Theseus came to Crete to
attempt to slay the Minotaur. Princess Ariadne, daughter of King
Minos and Queen Pasiphae, fell in love with Theseus and asked
Daedalus to help him.

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Daedalus gave her a flaxen thread for Theseus to tie to the
door of the Labyrinth as he entered, and by which he could find his
way out after killing the monster. Theseus succeeded, and escaped
Crete with Ariadne.
Minos, enraged at the loss of his daughter, not to mention the
killing of his pet Minotaur, shut Daedalus and his son Icarus into the
Labyrinth, knowing that Theseus could not have accomplished the
deed without inside help.

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7. Why did Minos
shut Daedalus and
Icarus in the
Labyrinth?

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Daedalus managed to get out of the Labyrinth after all, he had
built it and knew his way around. Daedalus decided that he and his
son Icarus had to leave Crete and get away from Minos, before he
brought them harm.
However, Minos controlled the sea around Crete. The King kept
strict watch on all vessels, permitting none to sail without being
carefully searched by his soldiers.

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8. Since Minos has
control over the land and
sea routes, how could
Daedalus and Icarus
escape from Crete?

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Since Minos controlled the land and sea routes, and there was
no route of escape there; Daedalus realized that the only way out
was by air. But only the gods could fly!
To escape, Daedalus built wings for himself and Icarus,
fashioned with feathers held together with wax. Daedalus tried the
wings on himself first and was satisfied that his plan would work.

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Before taking off from the island, Daedalus warned his son to
follow closely behind him. He sternly cautioned Icarus not to fly too
close to the sun, as it would melt his wings, and not too close to the
sea, as it would dampen them and make it hard to fly.
They successfully flew from Crete, but Icarus grew exhilarated
by the thrill of flying and began getting careless. The father and son
passed the islands of Samos, Delos and Lebynthos, and the further
away from Crete they flew, the more cocky became Icarus.

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9. What do you
think will happen to
Icarus?

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Forgetting his father's stern advice, Icarus flew too close to the
sun god Helios, who was pulling the sun behind his chariot high in
the sky.
The wax holding together his wings softened and melted from
the heat and, try as he might, Icarus could not prevent the feathers
from falling off his body. Furiously he flapped his arms, but soon no
feathers at all were left and he fell to his death, drowning in the sea,
as his helpless father in anguish watched his son perish.

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His father cried, bitterly lamenting his own arts, and called the
land near the place where Icarus fell into the ocean Icaria in memory
of his child. The Icarian Sea, where he fell, was forever named after
him and it is said that the great hero Heracles (Hercules), who was
passing by, gave him proper burial.
Daedalus grieved for his dead son and then continued to Sicily,
where he came to stay at the court of Cocalus in a place called
Camicus. On the island's south coast, Daedalus built a temple for
Apollo, and hung up his wings, as an offering to the Olympian god.

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But vengeful King Minos wasn't quite done – he then went in
pursuit of Daedalus, hoping to locate and trick the great inventor
into revealing himself.
At each city he visited, Minos offered a reward to whoever
could thread a spiral seashell, a seemingly impossible task.
Eventually, Minos came to Camicus in Sicily and presented the
contest at Cocalus' court.

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10. Why did Minos
offer a reward to
whoever could thread
a spiral seashell?

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Cocalus knew of Daedalus' talents, and gave the shell to him.
The clever Daedalus tied the string to an ant, placed the ant at one
end of the shell, and allowed the ant to walk through the spiral
chambers until it came out the other end.
When Minos saw that someone had solved the puzzle, he
demanded that Cocalus surrender Daedalus, for he insisted that
only he would have been inventive enough to solve the task. King
Cocalus promised to do so, but he persuaded Minos to first take a
bath and stay for some entertainment.

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Minos agreed, and was consequently murdered by Cocalus'
daughters, who had been totally impressed by the toys and gifts
which Daedalus had bestowed upon them and did not want any
harm to come to him.
Source: http://thanasis.com/icarus02.html

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Comprehensio
n Questions
4

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Comprehension
Questions
1. What did Daedalus design to hold the Minotaur?
2. What did Daedalus invent to help him and Icarus escape
from the Labyrinth?
3. What did he warn Icarus not to do?
4. What happened to Icarus?
5. Why did Minos imprison Daedalus in the Labyrinth?

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5
Collective
Activity

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Directions: With a partner, state whether you agree
or disagree with the given statement below and find
evidence from the text to support your claim.
Daedalus is responsible for his son's death.
Collective Activity

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Individual
Activity

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Individual Activities
Directions: In a paragraph, recall a personal experience
when you had committed a mistake similar to what Icarus
did in the story. State the outcome of the mistake you did.

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Short Quiz/
Exit Slip

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What lesson have you learned from
the story?

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God bless!


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This is title number
Eight
And this is subtitle number Eight
8

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This is title number Eight.
This is subtitle number One.
Did you know that elephants can sense storms?
Elephants may be able to detect a thunderstorm from
hundreds of miles away, and will head towards it,
looking for water.
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7 9
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0
5

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This is title number
Nine
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Did you know that a cat uses its whiskers
as feelers to determine if a space is too
small to squeeze through?
Also, cats love to sleep. A fifteen-year-
old cat has probably spent ten years of
its life sleeping.
Did you know that dogs can smell your
feelings?
Dogs can pick up on subtle changes in
your scent, which can help him figure out
how you are feeling, such as by smelling
your perspiration when you become
nervous or fearful.
A man's best friend... Mmm, can I fit in?...
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This is title number Ten
And this is subtitle number Ten
1
0

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This is title number Ten.
This is subtitle number Ten.
Did you know that elephants can sense storms?
Elephants may be able to detect a thunderstorm from
hundreds of miles away, and will head towards it, looking
for water.
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5