All about amateur radio propagation as understood by amateur radio operators This relates to Section 29 of the NZART Radio Syllabus and may be used to teach this section of the exam.
I developed this presentation for a talk to our local radio club in 2014. It graphically shows how the sun and it's activity affects ham radio activity.The 11 year cycle is explored along with the terms used to describe sunspot activity and it's relationship to radio communication.
I developed this presentation for a talk to our local radio club in 2014. It graphically shows how the sun and it's activity affects ham radio activity.The 11 year cycle is explored along with the terms used to describe sunspot activity and it's relationship to radio communication.
This presentation is about radio propagation and how the sun's activity affects HF radio communications. We are near the top of Cycle 24 and the slides show graphically what will happen to radio paths over the next 11 years into Chcle 25.
Radio propagation is the way radio waves travel or propagate when they are transmitted from one point to another and affected by the medium in which they travel and in particular the way they propagate around the Earth in various parts of the atmosphere.
Outline of Presentation :
Modes of propagation, Ground Wave Propagation,
Structure of troposphere and ionosphere,
Characteristic of Ionospheric layers,
Sky wave propagation, Definitions for Virtual height,
Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF) and Skip distance,
Optimum Working Frequency (OWF), Fading,
Ionospheric absorptions, Multi-hop propagation,
Space wave propagation and Super refraction.
This presentation is about radio propagation and how the sun's activity affects HF radio communications. We are near the top of Cycle 24 and the slides show graphically what will happen to radio paths over the next 11 years into Chcle 25.
Radio propagation is the way radio waves travel or propagate when they are transmitted from one point to another and affected by the medium in which they travel and in particular the way they propagate around the Earth in various parts of the atmosphere.
Outline of Presentation :
Modes of propagation, Ground Wave Propagation,
Structure of troposphere and ionosphere,
Characteristic of Ionospheric layers,
Sky wave propagation, Definitions for Virtual height,
Maximum Usable Frequency (MUF) and Skip distance,
Optimum Working Frequency (OWF), Fading,
Ionospheric absorptions, Multi-hop propagation,
Space wave propagation and Super refraction.
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UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL PUNJAB ,LAHORE ,PAKISTAN
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Propagation Effects and Their Impact on Satellite-Earth Links: Introduction,
Quantifying attenuation and depolarization,
Propagation effects that are not associated with hydrometeors, Prediction of rain attenuation,
Prediction of XPD,
Propagation impairments countermeasures.
This slide contains the content about earth's atmosphere. You will able to know about different layers of atmosphere and radio wave propagation through atmospheric layers.
All about amateur radio EMI, interference and filtering to minimize. This relates to Section 29 of the NZART Radio Syllabus and may be used to teach this section of the exam.
All about amateur radio RF transmission lines. This relates to Section 26 of the NZART Radio Syllabus and may be used to teach this section of the exam.
All about amateur radio operating Procedures. This relates to Section 29 of the NZART Radio Syllabus and may be used to teach this section of the exam.
23 Radio Regulations & 24 Operating PracticesLee Jennings
All about amateur radio Regulations and Operating practices This relates to Section 23 and 24 of the NZART Radio Syllabus and may be used to teach this section of the exam.
This is a presentation outlining the beginnings of Amateur radio in the early 1900s to the present day. There are 37 slides from the the Spark era to the rise of the internet within our hobby. Anyone is welcome to use any of this material if they presenting a similar talk.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to Production
28 Radio Propagation
1. It’s really not Witchcraft
28 - Radio Propagation28 - Radio Propagation
2. QQ - What happens to Radio- What happens to Radio
Waves during the dayWaves during the day
and during the night?and during the night?
AA –– It’s all about sunspots, the greatIt’s all about sunspots, the great
Ionospheric sponge and ReflectionsIonospheric sponge and Reflections
3.
4. You Need to Know about Angle of RadiationYou Need to Know about Angle of Radiation
Angle of radiation is not just a theory…Angle of radiation is not just a theory…
It’s real – if you want to work DXIt’s real – if you want to work DX
High angle of radiation – Little or no reflection and no DXHigh angle of radiation – Little or no reflection and no DX
Low angle of radiation – good reflection and you work the DX!Low angle of radiation – good reflection and you work the DX!
5. Skip Zone TerminologySkip Zone Terminology
The Skip Zone is the far end of the ground wave to
where the refracted wave first returns to earth
The Skip Distance is from the transmitter to where
the refracted sky wave first returns to earth
6. Waves and Ionospheric LayersWaves and Ionospheric Layers
Ground Wave
Are signals that travel on the surface of the earth for short distances
Skywave
Are signals that reflect off the Ionosphere layers. It is the primary mode of
long distance communication.
Ionospheric Layers
The F1 and F2 Layers - are the highest and separate during the day and
combine during the night
The E Layer - lower and more dense. Densest at noon and disappears
when the sun goes down
The D Layer – Only exists during the day and absorbs all signals below 4
Mhz
7. Waves and Ionospheric Layers 2Waves and Ionospheric Layers 2
Absorption
The D and E layers absorb signals below 4 Mhz during the day
Critical Frequency
The highest frequency at which reflections are return to earth from a vertical
incidence
MUF (Maximum Useable Frequency)
• If the frequency used is too high, it will pass through the layers and
disappear into space.
• The MUF varies with solar activity and time of day.
• The MUF is the highest frequency that will reflect off the Ionosphere.
8. Other Propagation TermsOther Propagation Terms
Sporadic E Skip
When the E layer becomes highly charged permitting reflection of signals up
to 200 Mhz for a few minutes to a few hours
Tropospheric Ducting
Where waves get trapped between layers and goes long distances. Usually
happens over water.
Wave Angle
The angle at which radio waves leave the earth and reflect off the Ionosphere
and back to earth. The angle determines the skip distance
Fading
Fading happens when signals return to earth by two or more separate paths
and cancel each other out. Aircraft, Mountains andionospheric layers may
also reflect part of a signal while the other part of the signal takes a more
direct path
9. You Should Know!You Should Know!
OWF = Optimum working frequency
MUF = Maximum Working Frequency
CRITICAL Frequency = The highest frequency reflected
back to earth at vertical incidence
Polarization
The polarization of an electromagnetic wave is determined by the “E” field
Sunspots
Maximum sunspots (and radio activity) occur every 11 years
Ionization
The ionization level of the ionosphere reaches it’s minimum just before
sunrise
Reflection
VHF or UHF signals transmitted towards a tall building are often reflected
10. We Are Done !We Are Done !
73 de Lee, ZL2AL73 de Lee, ZL2AL