Presented by Jimmy Smith, Director General, ILRI, With contributions from: Habibar Rahman, Susan MacMillan, Ram Deka, Chris Jones at the Workshop on ICAR lecture series #44 Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, 17 February 2022
Presented by Muhammad Farooq Tareen at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
Climate change poses serious threats to the environment and dairy production in Africa. Dairy production contributes to climate change through feed production, processing, transportation, and enteric methane emissions from cattle. However, climate change also negatively impacts dairy production by shortening growing seasons, causing water scarcity, and increasing heat stress for cattle. To adapt, the dairy industry needs to improve resilience through better herd management, feed strategies, and manure management to mitigate emissions. The future will require more sustainable dairy production to meet increasing demand while protecting the environment.
The role of livestock in food and nutrition securityILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the University of Florida Global Nutrition Symposium on ‘Nurturing development: Improving Human Nutrition with Animal-Source Foods’, 29–30 March 2017
The Livestock Sector in India: Progress and Challenges by Vijay Sardana, Poultry Federation of India.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
The document summarizes key aspects of the mammary system, milk synthesis, milk let-down, and milking in dairy animals. It describes the anatomy of the mammary gland and how it consists of lobules, alveoli, and lactiferous ducts. It explains the processes by which milk precursors are transported from blood and synthesized within epithelial cells, including the formation of proteins, lactose, and milk fat. It discusses factors that influence milk let-down such as tactile stimulation and oxytocin response. Finally, it provides an overview of hand milking and machine milking techniques.
Effects of climate change on Livestock productionSabal Pokharel
Livestock production is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. The number of large, factory farms is increasing as smaller family farms decline. Factory farming practices produce high volumes of waste and emissions. Ruminant animals like cattle are significant methane emitters due to their digestive process. Deforestation to create new pastures also releases large amounts of carbon dioxide. To reduce these effects, options include increasing carbon sequestration through forest conservation, improving production efficiency, optimizing animal diets, and carefully managing manure storage.
The document discusses the importance of livestock management in Pakistan, noting that the livestock sector contributes significantly to the country's economy and rural employment. It provides details on the role and contributions of the dairy, meat, and poultry industries, as well as common livestock management practices. The document also outlines challenges facing Pakistan's livestock resources, including climate, breeding methods, healthcare, and facilities.
This document discusses feeding recommendations for small ruminants such as sheep and goats. It provides guidelines for feeding kids/lambs, growing animals from 3-6 months, adult animals, and animals during gestation and lactation. It recommends increasing nutrient intake during flushing and lactation periods. Metabolic disorders like enterotoxemia and polioencephalomalacia are also discussed. The document emphasizes matching feed quality and quantities to animal needs and gradual introduction of new feeds.
Presented by Muhammad Farooq Tareen at the Workshop on transforming livelihoods in South Asia through sustainable livestock research and development, Kathmandu, Nepal, 13-14 November 2018
Climate change poses serious threats to the environment and dairy production in Africa. Dairy production contributes to climate change through feed production, processing, transportation, and enteric methane emissions from cattle. However, climate change also negatively impacts dairy production by shortening growing seasons, causing water scarcity, and increasing heat stress for cattle. To adapt, the dairy industry needs to improve resilience through better herd management, feed strategies, and manure management to mitigate emissions. The future will require more sustainable dairy production to meet increasing demand while protecting the environment.
The role of livestock in food and nutrition securityILRI
Presented by Jimmy Smith at the University of Florida Global Nutrition Symposium on ‘Nurturing development: Improving Human Nutrition with Animal-Source Foods’, 29–30 March 2017
The Livestock Sector in India: Progress and Challenges by Vijay Sardana, Poultry Federation of India.
Presented at the ReSAKSS-Asia - MIID conference "Evolving Agrifood Systems in Asia: Achieving food and nutrition security by 2030" on Oct 30-31, 2019 in Yangon, Myanmar.
The document summarizes key aspects of the mammary system, milk synthesis, milk let-down, and milking in dairy animals. It describes the anatomy of the mammary gland and how it consists of lobules, alveoli, and lactiferous ducts. It explains the processes by which milk precursors are transported from blood and synthesized within epithelial cells, including the formation of proteins, lactose, and milk fat. It discusses factors that influence milk let-down such as tactile stimulation and oxytocin response. Finally, it provides an overview of hand milking and machine milking techniques.
Effects of climate change on Livestock productionSabal Pokharel
Livestock production is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. The number of large, factory farms is increasing as smaller family farms decline. Factory farming practices produce high volumes of waste and emissions. Ruminant animals like cattle are significant methane emitters due to their digestive process. Deforestation to create new pastures also releases large amounts of carbon dioxide. To reduce these effects, options include increasing carbon sequestration through forest conservation, improving production efficiency, optimizing animal diets, and carefully managing manure storage.
The document discusses the importance of livestock management in Pakistan, noting that the livestock sector contributes significantly to the country's economy and rural employment. It provides details on the role and contributions of the dairy, meat, and poultry industries, as well as common livestock management practices. The document also outlines challenges facing Pakistan's livestock resources, including climate, breeding methods, healthcare, and facilities.
This document discusses feeding recommendations for small ruminants such as sheep and goats. It provides guidelines for feeding kids/lambs, growing animals from 3-6 months, adult animals, and animals during gestation and lactation. It recommends increasing nutrient intake during flushing and lactation periods. Metabolic disorders like enterotoxemia and polioencephalomalacia are also discussed. The document emphasizes matching feed quality and quantities to animal needs and gradual introduction of new feeds.
Livestock production systems and animal land holding patternraoof pattoo
This document summarizes livestock production systems according to agro-climatic zones and land holding patterns. It categorizes livestock systems as solely livestock, mixed-farming, landless, grassland-based, and more. It also describes husbandry systems as intensive, semi-intensive, extensive, migratory and others. For small ruminants, it outlines migrating, semi-migrating and sedentary sheep production systems. Goat systems include extensive-nomadic, transhumant and sedentary. The document also summarizes land holding patterns in India and shows that dairying is dominated by small/marginal landholders and landless workers.
Water is the most important nutrient for animals after oxygen, making up 50-95% of an animal's body. It serves many essential functions like regulating temperature, transporting nutrients, and excreting waste. Sources of water include drinking water, feed moisture, and metabolic water produced during digestion. Requirements vary by species, age, production level, and environment, but on average cattle need 30-40 kg daily. Homeostasis maintains water balance through hormones like ADH that influence urine production and salt appetite mechanisms involving aldosterone to regulate sodium and water retention. Toxic elements in water can harm animals if total dissolved solids exceed 3,000 mg/liter.
This slide share revolves around the anatomy and physiology of an udder including the mechanism of milk production in cows and the hormones involved with their role in milk synthesis.Hope its helpful.
Clean Milk Production Practices and its Management in India by Sunil Meenasunil meena
Milk is the main product from a dairy enterprise, produced basically as food for human consumption. A dairy farmer must, therefore, aim at maximising on milk output from his/her dairy herd. At the same time the farmer must ensure that milk is produced in clean and hygienic conditions so that it is fit for human consumption.
From public’s health point of view, milk is a very good media for bacterial and other micro-organisms development. As such, disease hazard in public can easily be predisposed by infected milk during production, handling and marketing.
Clean Milk Production Practices
Source Hygiene and Preparations
Check for mastitis with a strip cup or any other method.
Isolate sick animals and milk them last (Their milk should not be mixed with good milk).
Wash udder, teats and flank of the animal with clean water preferably add a disinfectant. Wipe with a clean cloth.
Always groom and cut the hair around the under.
Dispose fore-milk
Tie tails of troublesome animals when milking.
Milker’s Hygiene
Milker should: –
Be healthy and clean
Maintain short fingernails and hair cut (ladies can cover their heads when milking as guard to falling hair)
Avoid smoking during milking time.
Be quick and efficient
Milk continuously (no interruptions).
Milking Environment
The shed can be permanent or movable
Where possible provide a cement floor for easy and proper cleaning.
Water should drain easily and away from the shed
Provide a clean feed trough, water trough and protected store.
There should be a good source of water nearby
The shed should be located away from bad smells and odours
It should be cleaned after every milking
Livestock should not have access to the shed during the day
Utensils
a. Types
Use seamless utensils preferably aluminium or stainless steel
Use cans, sufurias or metal buckets in milking
Provide a good washing place
Washing procedure
Rinse excess milk with cold and clean water
Scrub with a brush using hot water mixed with a detergent e.g. soap or detergent
Rinse with cold water and place the utensils to dry on a rack upside down during the day.
c. Storage
Utensils should be stored at night in a safe and clean place, which is well ventilated.
Milking
a. Preparation
Do not excite the animals
Regularize milking intervals
b. Method
Squeeze the teat and do not pull.
All milk should be got from the under i.e. avoid incomplete milking
Use a teat dip after milking
Milk Handling
a. Filtering
Use a white filter cloth
Filter immediately after milking
Disinfect, wash and dry the filter cloth after use
b. Storage
Store milk in cool and clean place
The room used to store milk should without other materials such as chemicals and should also be lockable.
c. Marketing or Disposal
Milk should be delivered to the market as soon as possible
It is advisable to delivery milk early in the morning and evening to avoid hot periods of the day.
The livestock sector in Pakistan contributes 11.3% to national GDP and accounts for 52% of agricultural value addition. Pakistan has the 3rd largest herd size in the world, with cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goat populations all growing between 35-68% from 2000-2006. The livestock sector employs around 35 million people. In Punjab, almost 75% of the rural population is directly or indirectly employed by the livestock sector, which generates $35 billion annually. The meat and dairy industries in Punjab are underdeveloped and fragmented, with opportunities for investment and growth.
My best effort is to collect good information for students,and then provide them as like. so follow me and aso provide me your good feedbecks in comments bar.
thank you all!
Presented by Isabelle Baltenweck at the UN Food System Summit Science Days Side Event on Decision-making for Sustainable Livestock: Capitalizing on Models, Data and Communications, 7 July 2021
The non-conventional feed resources (NCFR) refer to all those feeds that have not been traditionally used in animal feeding and or are not normally used in commercially produced rations for livestock.
NCFR include commonly, a variety of feeds from perennial crops and feeds of animal and industrial origin.
Stress management is important for poultry as birds have limited resources for growth and responding to environmental changes. Cold stress is more dangerous than heat stress as it causes more fat deposition and weight gain in birds, leading to long term problems and economic losses. During heat stress, birds cannot maintain temperature and pant to cool down. This reduces performance. Proper housing ventilation and evaporative cooling can help alleviate heat stress. Feeding fat, vitamins, and electrolytes supplemented diets and providing plenty of fresh, cool water can also help birds better handle stress.
Nutrition is the foundation of good production in small ruminants like sheep and goats. Nutrient requirements depend on several factors including species, size, age, stage of production, level of production like number of fetuses, and climate. Younger and smaller animals require a more nutrient dense diet compared to mature larger animals. Animals in late gestation and lactation have higher energy and mineral needs. Higher producing animals have greater nutritional demands. Proper nutrition is key to optimal health, growth and productivity of small ruminants.
The roles of livestock in achieving the sustainable development goalsILRI
Presented by Iain A Wright, Deputy Director General-Research (ILRI) at the 25 Anniversary Conference of the Ethiopian Society for Animal Production (ESAP), Haramaya, Ethiopia, 24–26 August 2017
India ranks first in milk production globally, producing over 32 million liters per day. Gujarat has an annual milk production of 248 million liters per day, with a per capita availability of 435 grams per day. Milk and milk products play a vital role in India's economy, contributing over $105 billion annually. India's dairy industry is dominated by buffaloes, which produce 55% of the country's milk, followed by cows at 40%. The top five milk producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, and Gujarat.
The document discusses the importance of maintaining hatching egg quality from collection through incubation. Key points include:
1) Hatching egg quality cannot be improved after lay but must be properly maintained through collection, cleaning, storage, and transportation.
2) Proper management of nests and nesting materials, egg collection frequency, containers, cleaning, storage conditions, and transportation help preserve the delicate embryo structure inside eggs.
3) Maintaining optimal temperature and humidity levels during storage, transportation, and pre-heating is critical for hatching egg quality and subsequent chick quality.
Hatchability is influenced by many factors including fertility, embryo metabolism, incubation temperature and humidity, oxygen requirements, egg handling and nutrition. Maintaining optimal temperatures of 99.5°F from days 1-19 and 89-99°F on days 20-21 is important as is humidity between 50-60%. Proper egg selection, storage, turning and nutrition can also impact hatchability. Genetics, diseases and other environmental stresses like high altitude can affect fertility and embryonic development.
The document discusses developments in nutrient requirements of chickens over the past five decades. Genetic selection has contributed 85-90% of production improvements, while advances in nutrition have contributed 10-15%. Precise nutrient requirements depend on bird genetics, sex, production stage, and environmental factors. Requirements have been defined by several agencies and continue to be refined. Advances include defining requirements for individual amino acids using the ideal protein concept, determining digestible nutrient levels in feed ingredients, and formulating least-cost diets. Future areas of focus are feed additives, alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters, and improving nutrient utilization efficiency.
The document summarizes trends in India's livestock sector. It notes that the livestock population has increased between 2000-2010 for cows/buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs and poultry. India is the largest milk producer in the world and its poultry sector is growing rapidly. The livestock sector provides income and employment for rural communities and is an important source of manure and fuel. It contributes significantly to India's economy and food security.
Winning solutions for climate-smart dairy animal nutrition in IndiaILRI
This document discusses opportunities to improve dairy production in India through better livestock feeding solutions that are climate-smart. It notes that dairy demand is increasing rapidly in India but production relies heavily on low-quality crop residues as feed. Improving feed quality and processing can boost milk yields while reducing emissions. Specifically, crop breeding to select for higher-digestibility crop residues like rice straw could both improve animal nutrition and reduce burning of residues. Processing methods like feed blocks can also enhance the utilization of available feedstuffs. Overall, modest gains in feed quality and intake could significantly increase production and lower emissions intensities to support sustainable dairy development.
This document discusses the past, present, and future of the seed and biotech industry in India. It notes that food grain production has increased significantly since the 1950s due to improved seed varieties and hybrids introduced by the seed industry. Today, the private sector accounts for 90% of seed production and distribution. The future of agriculture relies on continued innovation in seed technology, including drought-resistant and nitrogen-efficient crops, as well as those with enhanced nutrition. The seed industry seeks government support through infrastructure status, loans, and inclusion in subsidy programs to further boost agricultural productivity and ensure food security.
Livestock production systems and animal land holding patternraoof pattoo
This document summarizes livestock production systems according to agro-climatic zones and land holding patterns. It categorizes livestock systems as solely livestock, mixed-farming, landless, grassland-based, and more. It also describes husbandry systems as intensive, semi-intensive, extensive, migratory and others. For small ruminants, it outlines migrating, semi-migrating and sedentary sheep production systems. Goat systems include extensive-nomadic, transhumant and sedentary. The document also summarizes land holding patterns in India and shows that dairying is dominated by small/marginal landholders and landless workers.
Water is the most important nutrient for animals after oxygen, making up 50-95% of an animal's body. It serves many essential functions like regulating temperature, transporting nutrients, and excreting waste. Sources of water include drinking water, feed moisture, and metabolic water produced during digestion. Requirements vary by species, age, production level, and environment, but on average cattle need 30-40 kg daily. Homeostasis maintains water balance through hormones like ADH that influence urine production and salt appetite mechanisms involving aldosterone to regulate sodium and water retention. Toxic elements in water can harm animals if total dissolved solids exceed 3,000 mg/liter.
This slide share revolves around the anatomy and physiology of an udder including the mechanism of milk production in cows and the hormones involved with their role in milk synthesis.Hope its helpful.
Clean Milk Production Practices and its Management in India by Sunil Meenasunil meena
Milk is the main product from a dairy enterprise, produced basically as food for human consumption. A dairy farmer must, therefore, aim at maximising on milk output from his/her dairy herd. At the same time the farmer must ensure that milk is produced in clean and hygienic conditions so that it is fit for human consumption.
From public’s health point of view, milk is a very good media for bacterial and other micro-organisms development. As such, disease hazard in public can easily be predisposed by infected milk during production, handling and marketing.
Clean Milk Production Practices
Source Hygiene and Preparations
Check for mastitis with a strip cup or any other method.
Isolate sick animals and milk them last (Their milk should not be mixed with good milk).
Wash udder, teats and flank of the animal with clean water preferably add a disinfectant. Wipe with a clean cloth.
Always groom and cut the hair around the under.
Dispose fore-milk
Tie tails of troublesome animals when milking.
Milker’s Hygiene
Milker should: –
Be healthy and clean
Maintain short fingernails and hair cut (ladies can cover their heads when milking as guard to falling hair)
Avoid smoking during milking time.
Be quick and efficient
Milk continuously (no interruptions).
Milking Environment
The shed can be permanent or movable
Where possible provide a cement floor for easy and proper cleaning.
Water should drain easily and away from the shed
Provide a clean feed trough, water trough and protected store.
There should be a good source of water nearby
The shed should be located away from bad smells and odours
It should be cleaned after every milking
Livestock should not have access to the shed during the day
Utensils
a. Types
Use seamless utensils preferably aluminium or stainless steel
Use cans, sufurias or metal buckets in milking
Provide a good washing place
Washing procedure
Rinse excess milk with cold and clean water
Scrub with a brush using hot water mixed with a detergent e.g. soap or detergent
Rinse with cold water and place the utensils to dry on a rack upside down during the day.
c. Storage
Utensils should be stored at night in a safe and clean place, which is well ventilated.
Milking
a. Preparation
Do not excite the animals
Regularize milking intervals
b. Method
Squeeze the teat and do not pull.
All milk should be got from the under i.e. avoid incomplete milking
Use a teat dip after milking
Milk Handling
a. Filtering
Use a white filter cloth
Filter immediately after milking
Disinfect, wash and dry the filter cloth after use
b. Storage
Store milk in cool and clean place
The room used to store milk should without other materials such as chemicals and should also be lockable.
c. Marketing or Disposal
Milk should be delivered to the market as soon as possible
It is advisable to delivery milk early in the morning and evening to avoid hot periods of the day.
The livestock sector in Pakistan contributes 11.3% to national GDP and accounts for 52% of agricultural value addition. Pakistan has the 3rd largest herd size in the world, with cattle, buffalo, sheep, and goat populations all growing between 35-68% from 2000-2006. The livestock sector employs around 35 million people. In Punjab, almost 75% of the rural population is directly or indirectly employed by the livestock sector, which generates $35 billion annually. The meat and dairy industries in Punjab are underdeveloped and fragmented, with opportunities for investment and growth.
My best effort is to collect good information for students,and then provide them as like. so follow me and aso provide me your good feedbecks in comments bar.
thank you all!
Presented by Isabelle Baltenweck at the UN Food System Summit Science Days Side Event on Decision-making for Sustainable Livestock: Capitalizing on Models, Data and Communications, 7 July 2021
The non-conventional feed resources (NCFR) refer to all those feeds that have not been traditionally used in animal feeding and or are not normally used in commercially produced rations for livestock.
NCFR include commonly, a variety of feeds from perennial crops and feeds of animal and industrial origin.
Stress management is important for poultry as birds have limited resources for growth and responding to environmental changes. Cold stress is more dangerous than heat stress as it causes more fat deposition and weight gain in birds, leading to long term problems and economic losses. During heat stress, birds cannot maintain temperature and pant to cool down. This reduces performance. Proper housing ventilation and evaporative cooling can help alleviate heat stress. Feeding fat, vitamins, and electrolytes supplemented diets and providing plenty of fresh, cool water can also help birds better handle stress.
Nutrition is the foundation of good production in small ruminants like sheep and goats. Nutrient requirements depend on several factors including species, size, age, stage of production, level of production like number of fetuses, and climate. Younger and smaller animals require a more nutrient dense diet compared to mature larger animals. Animals in late gestation and lactation have higher energy and mineral needs. Higher producing animals have greater nutritional demands. Proper nutrition is key to optimal health, growth and productivity of small ruminants.
The roles of livestock in achieving the sustainable development goalsILRI
Presented by Iain A Wright, Deputy Director General-Research (ILRI) at the 25 Anniversary Conference of the Ethiopian Society for Animal Production (ESAP), Haramaya, Ethiopia, 24–26 August 2017
India ranks first in milk production globally, producing over 32 million liters per day. Gujarat has an annual milk production of 248 million liters per day, with a per capita availability of 435 grams per day. Milk and milk products play a vital role in India's economy, contributing over $105 billion annually. India's dairy industry is dominated by buffaloes, which produce 55% of the country's milk, followed by cows at 40%. The top five milk producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, and Gujarat.
The document discusses the importance of maintaining hatching egg quality from collection through incubation. Key points include:
1) Hatching egg quality cannot be improved after lay but must be properly maintained through collection, cleaning, storage, and transportation.
2) Proper management of nests and nesting materials, egg collection frequency, containers, cleaning, storage conditions, and transportation help preserve the delicate embryo structure inside eggs.
3) Maintaining optimal temperature and humidity levels during storage, transportation, and pre-heating is critical for hatching egg quality and subsequent chick quality.
Hatchability is influenced by many factors including fertility, embryo metabolism, incubation temperature and humidity, oxygen requirements, egg handling and nutrition. Maintaining optimal temperatures of 99.5°F from days 1-19 and 89-99°F on days 20-21 is important as is humidity between 50-60%. Proper egg selection, storage, turning and nutrition can also impact hatchability. Genetics, diseases and other environmental stresses like high altitude can affect fertility and embryonic development.
The document discusses developments in nutrient requirements of chickens over the past five decades. Genetic selection has contributed 85-90% of production improvements, while advances in nutrition have contributed 10-15%. Precise nutrient requirements depend on bird genetics, sex, production stage, and environmental factors. Requirements have been defined by several agencies and continue to be refined. Advances include defining requirements for individual amino acids using the ideal protein concept, determining digestible nutrient levels in feed ingredients, and formulating least-cost diets. Future areas of focus are feed additives, alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters, and improving nutrient utilization efficiency.
The document summarizes trends in India's livestock sector. It notes that the livestock population has increased between 2000-2010 for cows/buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs and poultry. India is the largest milk producer in the world and its poultry sector is growing rapidly. The livestock sector provides income and employment for rural communities and is an important source of manure and fuel. It contributes significantly to India's economy and food security.
Winning solutions for climate-smart dairy animal nutrition in IndiaILRI
This document discusses opportunities to improve dairy production in India through better livestock feeding solutions that are climate-smart. It notes that dairy demand is increasing rapidly in India but production relies heavily on low-quality crop residues as feed. Improving feed quality and processing can boost milk yields while reducing emissions. Specifically, crop breeding to select for higher-digestibility crop residues like rice straw could both improve animal nutrition and reduce burning of residues. Processing methods like feed blocks can also enhance the utilization of available feedstuffs. Overall, modest gains in feed quality and intake could significantly increase production and lower emissions intensities to support sustainable dairy development.
This document discusses the past, present, and future of the seed and biotech industry in India. It notes that food grain production has increased significantly since the 1950s due to improved seed varieties and hybrids introduced by the seed industry. Today, the private sector accounts for 90% of seed production and distribution. The future of agriculture relies on continued innovation in seed technology, including drought-resistant and nitrogen-efficient crops, as well as those with enhanced nutrition. The seed industry seeks government support through infrastructure status, loans, and inclusion in subsidy programs to further boost agricultural productivity and ensure food security.
Livestock, livelihoods and the future of India’s smallholder farmersILRI
Smallholder farmers in India produce much of the country's livestock and dairy, contributing significantly to agricultural GDP and livelihoods. Rising global and domestic demand for livestock products presents opportunities but also risks. If met through imports or industrialization, it could harm the Indian economy, environment, and many livelihoods. However, transforming smallholder livestock systems sustainably could help millions improve production and livelihoods, maintaining India's economic growth. The conference aimed to discuss actions supporting smallholders to meet future demand for animal-source foods in an equitable and sustainable manner.
This document provides information about a knowledge partner organization that has been operating since 2002. It provides business consulting services across various industries to companies seeking business expansion support. The organization has a team of over 35 employees and 15 freelancers with industry experience. It has offices in India and Dubai, and a presence in 20 countries through channel partners. The document then discusses the Indian food processing industry and various government initiatives to support the agriculture and food processing sectors.
BENISON Media is the publisher of Think Grain Think Feed – the magazine for feed technology. It covers the complete value chain of feed industry, starting from feed crop production to feed additives and premixes, till processing and storage technology for poultry, dairy and aqua sector.
May 2016 - Think Grain Think Feed
Personal reflection on the status and challenges regarding use of agricultura...ExternalEvents
The document discusses the status and challenges of agricultural biotechnologies in Asia Pacific regions. It notes that molecular breeding, genetic engineering, microbiology, and biodegradation technologies are currently used approaches that can benefit farmers in the region. Some concerns with GM technologies include the need for proper risk assessment, management, and public awareness. New technologies such as gene editing should also be explored. Governments in the region need clear policies to facilitate the commercialization of products while addressing social issues.
The document discusses organic rice cultivation. It begins by noting that the green revolution led to increased food production but also environmental issues from overuse of chemicals. It then discusses what organic farming entails, focusing on avoiding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Subsequent sections provide details on organic rice production methods like nutrient management using compost and green manures, and integrated pest management. Case studies show positive effects of organic nutrient sources and management practices on rice growth and yields. Overall the document promotes organic rice cultivation as a sustainable alternative to conventional methods.
This ppt prepared by santosh raut as doctorial seminar
( Ph.D/Agronomy)
This ppt useful for students, all those related agriculture and other peoples. This ppt provide useful information related to organic rice with including reference/ case studies .
Presentation at the 95th Governing Board meeting (Program Committee) By Rese...ICRISAT
This document provides a summary of the RP-Asia program committee presentation to the 95th ICRISAT Governing Board meeting. It discusses ICRISAT's contributions to achieving SDG2 of ending hunger and malnutrition through its work in crop improvement, integrated crop management, and the ICRISAT Development Centre. Key points include the release of improved varieties of chickpea, groundnut, pigeonpea, sorghum and pearl millet globally. Case studies from India, Myanmar, Ethiopia and Tanzania show increased crop production and farmer incomes from adopting these varieties. Projects in India demonstrate the benefits of integrated watershed management and soil health initiatives in increasing crop yields and water storage.
The document discusses plans by the Government of India to celebrate 2023 as the International Year of Millets. It provides background on millets production in India and globally. Key points include:
- India is one of the world's largest producers of millets and proposed 2023 as the International Year of Millets to the UN.
- The Government of India has established committees and task forces to coordinate celebrations and promote production, nutrition, processing, and consumption of millets within India and globally in 2023.
- Activities will include conferences, exhibitions, recipes development, strengthening seed supply and processing infrastructure, and mass awareness campaigns on health benefits of millets.
- The
1) India has the highest number of organic producers globally and potential to expand organic livestock production given growing domestic and export demand.
2) Organic livestock standards prohibit use of antibiotics and hormones, require access to pasture, and natural breeding and feeding.
3) The organic milk and meat market in India is growing rapidly but awareness, certification, costs and market access remain challenges for farmers.
A N Sinha Institute of Social Science (ANSISS), and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) organized a one day consulation on
‘A Food Secure Bihar: Challenges and Way Forward’ on August 06, 2014 at ANSISS, Patna, Bihar.
You are aware that National Food Security Act (NFSA) has been enacted with a view to ensure food security in India and Bihar is one of the state where ensuring food security is a major challenge. A better understanding of NFSA in the context of Bihar will be helpful for effective implementation of the NFSA. The main objective of the policy consultative workshop is to deliberate on the options and strategies for making NFSA efficient and effective in Bihar.
The document summarizes discussions from an ICAR industry meet on agricultural technologies and partnerships. It outlines strategies to reduce agricultural risks through ecological, financial, social and technical approaches. It also describes various public-private partnership models and technologies that have increased farm incomes and production, including hybrid crops, dairy and fisheries techniques, value addition processes, renewable energy, and diagnostics. The document advocates for further commercialization, entrepreneurship training, and international collaborations to accelerate agricultural growth.
Emerging opportunities in Indian Dairy Industry : outlook for futureVipin Kumar
The roles played by different sectors in emergence of dairy industry in India. The key drivers and trends of Indian dairy industry. The different emerging opportunities in coming future.
BENISON MEDIA is in business of Publishing “ Think Grain Think Feed ” – A Monthly magazine for feed and technology related to it. The magazine provides important information related to animal feed and Grain industry starting from feed crop production to feed additives and premixes, processing and storage technology for poultry, dairy and aqua sector.
It provides a comprehensive information on the market and industry, economic and policy issue, scientific advances, new products, latest technology and latest news and analysis on the development in Feed Industry. Our Feed & Grain magazine is circulated among Government officials, Feed industry, agriculture research and academics, feed millers, raw material traders, technology providers, integrator, cooperatives, veterinarians, embassies, trade associations, storage industry professionals, workers and rural institutions etc.
” Think Grain Think Feed ” is a Feed and Grain magazine for the animal feed industry and its suppliers. It carries a mix of discussion, comment, market analysis, company profiles, interviews, technical articles, special features, product information, appointments and news on matters of interest to the animal feed sector. Advertising covers ingredients and additives, machinery, software and other goods and services used in the production of animal feed.
Rainbow revolution in Agriculture-a step towards sustainabilitysatarupa modak
Agriculture is the main pillar in our country occupies the centre stage of India’s social security and overall economic welfare. Unfortunately the allied sector has remained neglected in the past, now fully realising the emerging complex challenges, need to set a vision to attain rainbow revolution covering the entire spectrum of activities in agriculture, which will make India a developed nation free of poverty, hunger, malnutrition, and make environmentally safe.Rainbow revolution with focus on allied activities new concepts has emerged out and the white, yellow, golden ,red, silver , blue, pink, black and grey revolution are major areas of thrust by the govt. respectively for dairy, oil seed, horticulture, meat industry, egg industry, fisheries, onion, fuel, fertilizer and shrimps production will have to be integrated in a sustainable manner for preserving a healthy environment and enhancing ecosystem that means need to a step towards sustainability. The first agricultural revolution started with shifting cultivation. Then the Industrial revolution made to move agriculture beyond subsistence to generate the kinds of surpluses. And Green revolution has been the corner stone in India for agricultural achievement and transformation from begging bowl to self sufficient in food surplus.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Poster by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione presented at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 29 November 2023.
A training, certification and marketing scheme for informal dairy vendors in ...ILRI
Presentation by Silvia Alonso, Jef L. Leroy, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas and Delia Grace at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Milk safety and child nutrition impacts of the MoreMilk training, certificati...ILRI
Poster by Silvia Alonso, Emmanuel Muunda, Moira Donahue Angel, Emily Kilonzi, Giordano Palloni, Gideon Kiarie, Paula Dominguez-Salas, Delia Grace and Jef L. Leroy presented at the Micronutrient Forum 6th Global Conference, The Hague, Netherlands, 16 October 2023.
Preventing the next pandemic: a 12-slide primer on emerging zoonotic diseasesILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness, happiness and focus.
Preventing preventable diseases: a 12-slide primer on foodborne diseaseILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
ANAMOLOUS SECONDARY GROWTH IN DICOT ROOTS.pptxRASHMI M G
Abnormal or anomalous secondary growth in plants. It defines secondary growth as an increase in plant girth due to vascular cambium or cork cambium. Anomalous secondary growth does not follow the normal pattern of a single vascular cambium producing xylem internally and phloem externally.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
Nucleophilic Addition of carbonyl compounds.pptxSSR02
Nucleophilic addition is the most important reaction of carbonyls. Not just aldehydes and ketones, but also carboxylic acid derivatives in general.
Carbonyls undergo addition reactions with a large range of nucleophiles.
Comparing the relative basicity of the nucleophile and the product is extremely helpful in determining how reversible the addition reaction is. Reactions with Grignards and hydrides are irreversible. Reactions with weak bases like halides and carboxylates generally don’t happen.
Electronic effects (inductive effects, electron donation) have a large impact on reactivity.
Large groups adjacent to the carbonyl will slow the rate of reaction.
Neutral nucleophiles can also add to carbonyls, although their additions are generally slower and more reversible. Acid catalysis is sometimes employed to increase the rate of addition.
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Insights from the transformation of dairy in India
1. Better lives through livestock
Insights from the transformation of dairy in India
Jimmy Smith, Director General
International Livestock Research Institute
With contributions from: Habibar Rahman, Susan MacMillan, Ram Deka, Chris Jones
ICAR lecture series #44 Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav
17 February 2022
2. 2
Overview
• Snapshot of India’s dairy
transformation (photofilm)
• Unpacking Indian dairy
trends and context
• Lessons to learn from Indian dairy
• The future of Indian dairy
• In India
• And beyond
6. 6
Value of agricultural production USD billion (India)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Agric Livestock Milk
2018: milk 80% of the total value of livestock and 22% total value of agriculture
FAOSTAT
7. 7
GDP and expenditure on dairy per capita
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Per
capita
monthly
consumption
expenditure
INR
Annual
GDP
per
capita
USD
Year
exp dairy rural exp dairy urban GDP per cap
• The amount spent on dairy increased over 30-fold between 1970 and 2011
• The consumption expenditure shares remained constant: 38% rural, 62% urban
GDP: World Development Index data:
https://datacatalog.worldbank.org/public-licenses#cc-by
Dairy expenditure:
https://www.nddb.coop/information/stats/percapitacomsp
8. 8
Milk production, million tonnes; increase in productivity
per milch animal
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
196119631965196719691971197319751977197919811983198519871989199119931995199719992001200320052007200920112013201520172019
No.
animals
(millions)
Milk,
million
tonnes
cow buffalo no. adult females (cow and buffalo)
255 litres/
animal
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
Operation flood
1328 litres/
animal
Source: FAOSTAT (production)
Animal numbers: NDDB, from Livestock Census data DAHD&F, GoI
13. 13
1946
Kaira District
Cooperative
Milk Producers
formed
1950
Verghese Kurien
joins KDCMPL
1955
Brand Amul
founded
1965
NDDB
established
1973
KDCMPL and Amul
subsumed by Gujerat Co-
operative Milk Marketing
Federation
1974
Mother Dairy
established
1991
Delicensing:
foreign equity
participation
up to 51%
1992
Milk and milk
products order
1994
Exports
decanalized
1995
International
Dairy
Agreement
(WTO), India
does not join
1997
India
surpasses
US as
largest milk
producer
2000
Export
obligations
removed under
TRIMS 2001
India
renegotiates
WTO terms 2001
MMPO
amended,
minimum
threshold for
registration
2002
Milk shed
provision
dissolved in
MMO
2006
Food safety and
standards act
passed
2012
Export
ban, later
revoked
2014
India’s milk
production
surpasses
EU
2016
NCDFI
e-markets 2019
India does
not sign
RCEP
1970 to 1996
Operation flood
Ph 1: 1 million farmers
Ph 2: 10 million farmers
Ph 3: 7 million farmers
Market pull
before
technology
Farmer skills
+
professional
management
Research ‘in its
place’:
- With the
end in mind
- In context:
- Institutional
- Policy
Adapted from: https://www.theindiaforum.in/article/after-flood
15. Yield gaps remain: technical, market and institutional
0
10
20
30
40
50
S.Asia dairy E.Africa dairy W.Africa beef W.Africa s.ruminants S'n Africa small
ruminants
%
potential
gain
from
interventions
Genetics
Health
Feed
0
10
20
30
40
50
S.Asia dairy E.Africa dairy W.Africa beef W.Africa s.ruminants S'n Africa small
ruminants
%
potential
gain
from
interventions
Mkt access
Input delivery
Staal, S., Poole, J., Baltenweck, I., Mwacharo, J., Notenbaert, A., Randolph, T., Thorpe, W., Nzuma, J. and Herrero, M. 2009. Targeting strategic
investment in livestock development as a vehicle for rural livelihoods. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation – ILRI Knowledge Generation Project Report.
Nairobi, Kenya: ILRI.
16. 16
Research elements
▪ Opportunities—market pull on productivity drivers:
I. Genetics
II. Health
III. Nutrition (feeds)
▪ Challenges:
I. Livestock and the environment
II. One Health:
I. Zoonotic diseases
II. Antimicrobial resistance
III. Food safety
▪ Market and policy:
I. National government policies
II. Livestock master plans
16
ILRI research
with partners
in India
17. 17
Win-win opportunity
Emission intensity and milk yield
FAO and GDP. 2018. Climate change and the global dairy cattle sector – The role of the dairy sector in a low-carbon future. Rome. 36 pp.
Licence: CC BY-NC-SA- 3.0 IGO
18. 18
South Asia: regional average feed rations
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
dairy cattle dairy buffalo
Fresh grass Hay Crop residues Sugarcane tops Leaves Bran Oilseed meals
Inputs into crop
production
-fertilizer
-mechanical
Crop residues
could be more
efficiently used
for feed
Are
manufacturing
by-products
being well used
for feed?
What about rice
residues?
Livestock: On our plates or eating at our table? A new analysis of the feed/food debate
Anne Mottet, Cees de Haan, Alessandra Falcucci, Giuseppe Tempio, Carolyn Opio, Pierre Gerber http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2017.01.001
19. 19
Opportunity: more and better feed options from crop residues
• Small changes in crop residue quality have a significant impact on milk production:
‘. . . a 1% increase in digestibility of sorghum stover fed to dairy cows leads to a 6-8% increase in milk
production . . .’
• Improve feed quality:
• Inclusion of feed quality parameters in crop breeding parameters (conventional breeding,
genomic selection)
• Significant increase in crop variety uptake, milk yields
• Improve feed utilization through processing
• By manufacturing feed blocks
• By leveraging spin-off technologies from 2nd-generation biofuel technologies
for deconstructing ligno-cellulosic biomass (2-CCT = 2-Chemical Combination Treatment; developed by ILRI with the Council of
Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology)
Kristjanson P.M. and Zerbini E. 1999. Genetic Enhancement of Sorghum and Millet Residues Fed to Ruminants. An ex ante assessment of returns to
research. ILRI Impact Assessment Series 2. ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute), Nairobi, Kenya. 52pp.
20. 20
New cultivars and varieties
India leads by exploiting existing cultivar variations
for targeted genetic enhancement
• Developing new dual-purpose cultivars of, e.g.,
pearl millet, sorghum, groundnut, maize, wheat
and rice
• ICRISAT groundnut variety grown on
160,000 ha
• Three superior dual-purpose sorghum
varieties registered in India
• Released maize hybrid most popular in
India
21. 21
Processing technologies
Use of spin-off technologies from 2nd-generation biofuel technologies
can turn crop residues from ‘wastes’ into high-quality concentrates
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0
2 0
2 5
3 0
3 5
4 0
4 5
5 0
5 5
6 0
W e e k s o f e x p e rim e n ta tio n
In
ta
k
e
(g
/k
g
L
W
)
T M R w ith 2 C C tre a te d rice s tra w
T M R w ith ste a m tre a te d rice s tra w
T M R w ith u n tre a te d rice stra w l
x = 4 1 .4
x = 5 2 .3
x = 3 6 .7
+ 3 .9 2 k g L W G
+ 6 .1 2 k g L W G
+ 1 .6 6 k g L W G
R e s p o n s e o f s h e e p fe d to ta l m ix e d ra tio n s c o n ta in in g 7 0 % o f u n tre a te d , 2 C C T
tre a te d a n d s te a m tre a te d ric e s tra w
( Blümmel et al. 2018)
Steam Explosion effect on higher intake
2CCT effect on higher digestibility
2CCT: treatment developed by the Council of Scientific
and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical
Technology
22. 22
Would rice straw with a digestibility of more than 60%
continue to be burnt?
Better residue quality:
Genetic enhancement
and processing, eg
2-CCT treatment
160 million tonnes rice straw
At least 60% burnt producing
7,300 kg CO2 eq/ha/year
Wasted inputs
Negative
climate impact
23. 23
One Health: ICAR and ILRI research on three key issues at
the animal-human health interface
1. Diagnosis: zoonoses
(Assam, Bihar, Odisha and
Haryana)
Many zoonotic diseases present,
varying incidence
Presenting risks to human health,
milk productivity and farm
economics
2. Diagnosis: antimicrobial
resistance
(Assam, Haryana and Karnataka)
AMR residues and resistance
genes detected
Farmers largely unaware of risks
Solutions to reduce risks
One Health approach at all levels
Strong awareness, motivation, good
production practices, vaccination and
improved biosecurity
Training/solutions: improve handling,
marketing and consumption practices
24. 24
One Health: ICAR and ILRI research on three key issues at
the animal-human health interface
3. Food safety
• Informal dairy
sector critical for
nutrition, health
and livelihoods
• 97% of milk
produced passes
through the
informal sector
• Essential to
improve the
quality and
safety of milk
without
jeopardizing
livelihoods
Improve – not ban –
informal markets
• Producers, traders, market
agents: improved
knowledge, attitude and
practices; increased
productivity
• Safer milk for about 1.5
million consumers
• Benefits: USD5.6 million,
IRR 224%
• New govt and World Bank
multi-million dollar project
in Assam to scale out to 16
project districts
Research-based drivers of change:
• Training, monitoring & certification
(TMC) of informal market actors
• Consumer awareness building
• Incentive mechanisms
• One Health approach
25. 25
Planning future investments:
Livestock master plans for Bihar (complete)
and Odisha (under way)
Cow and buffalo dairy—priority
• Technical interventions and investments:
• Improving feed availability and quality
• Selection and crossbreeding
• Inclusion of women and marginalized communities in all interventions
• Increased processing of milk and marketing of milk products
• Demand-pull strategy of encouraging more public and private investment in
value-adding processing to create assured markets for the additional milk
• Training, price incentives, private investment, AI facilities, feed market options
https://hdl.handle.net/10568/100538
28. 28
Dairy demand in India
115,405
196,321
237,014
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2010 2030 2050
000
M
tonnes
Source: Impact model predictions under moderate climate change in 2050 with assumption
of moderate economic and population growth, with thanks to Dolapo Enahoro (ILRI)
30. 30
Changing contexts and drivers: the transition continues
Climate change
mitigation: production
efficiencies
Climate change
adaptation:
Changing geographies
Youth engagement
Digital opportunities
Consumers:
Diet changes (more
processed)
Food safety
Mixture of large and
small scale
One Health
Incentives for
environmental
sustainability
Key ingredients
remain:
• Research
• Policy
• Institutional
• Market
31. 31
Although lower in total, dairy demand
in Africa will rise slightly faster than India
46,439
70,781
102,864
115,405
196,321
237,014
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2010 2030 2050
000
M
tonnes
Africa India
Source: Impact model predictions under moderate climate change in 2050 with assumption
of moderate economic and population growth, with thanks to Dolapo Enahoro (ILRI)
32. 32
Many other countries face rapid rises in dairy demand:
opportunities for South-South learning
✓ Political will
✓ Policy and institutional environment
✓ Connecting farmers to market (technology ‘push’
doesn’t work)
✓ Building dairy industry from its current smallholder
base
✓ Enabling and improving safe informal markets
✓ Technology elements that work for smallholders,
women, youth:
✓ improved feed
✓ genetics and AI
✓ animal health
✓ Addressing climate challenges (mitigation and
adaptation)
33. 33
ILRI is co-hosted by both the
governments of Ethiopia and
Kenya, with offices in 8 other
countries in Africa (Burking
Faso, Burundi, Mali, Nigeria,
Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda and
Zimbabwe); 4 countries in Asia
(China, India, Nepal and
Vietnam).
ILRI has approximately 650
permanent staff (with a gender
breakdown of 40% female and
60% male).
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI):
a One CGIAR research centre
• ILRI in South Asia since 2004
• New Delhi: regional office;
coordinating across South Asia
• Three project offices in India:
Hyderabad, Bhubaneswar and
Guwahati