Momentum is a quantity that expresses the motion of a body, equal to the product of its mass and velocity. The momentum of an object depends on its mass and velocity, with greater mass or velocity resulting in more momentum. The law of conservation of momentum states that in a closed system without external forces, the total momentum before and after an interaction will be the same. Examples include a person recoiling after firing a gun or moving backward when throwing an object off a skateboard. In collisions, the total momentum of the system is conserved and can be expressed mathematically as the sum of the momentum of the objects before equalling the sum after.

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2. Momentum
A quantity expressing the motion of a body or system, equal to the
product of the mass of a body and its velocity, and for a
system equal to the vector sum of the products of mass and
velocity of each particle in the system.
Momentum = mass • velocity

3. Momentum
 The momentum of a ball depends on its
mass and velocity.
 Ball B has more momentum than ball A.

4. Momentum and collisions
Momentum p=mv
(kg m/sec)
Velocity (m/sec)
Mass (kg)
Momentum is a vector; its direction is the same
as the direction of the velocity.

5. Conservation of Momentum
The law of conservation of momentum states
when a system of interacting objects is not influenced by
outside forces (like friction), the total momentum of the
system cannot change.
If you throw a rock forward from a
skateboard, you will move backward in
response.

6. Example of conservation of momentum
SHOOTING A GUN AND RECOIL

7. Law of Conservation Of Momentum
Total momentum of an isolated system before collision is always
equal to total momentum after collision.
MATHEMATICAL REPRESENTATION
Consider an Two bodies A and B and mass m1 and m2 moving initially with
velocities u1 and u2
Total momentum before collision = m1u1 + m2u2
Let after collision their velocities become v1 and v2.
Total momentum after collision = m1v1 + m2v2

8. Law of Conservation Of Momentum
According to the law of conservation of momentum
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2

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