Professor Isa Jahnke gave a presentation on digital didactical designs in higher education at the University of Bolzano. She discussed how physical classrooms are merging with digital spaces through student use of mobile devices, creating new "crossaction spaces." She outlined characteristics of learning in this digital age, including students connecting resources, asking online networks questions, and creating and sharing work. She presented examples of didactical designs centered around student production, cooperation, and reflection to support meaningful learning goals. These examples engaged students in research processes, online knowledge sharing, and generating educational content.

1. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Digital Didactical Designs
in Higher Education
Professor Dr. Isa Jahnke
Presentation at the University of Bolzano
27 March 2015

2. isa.jahnke@umu.se
I only told that I have
taught him, not that he
has learned“
I did teach my dog
Tiger something new:
„to sing a song“!
I don’t hear that
he sings!
There is a difference between
teaching and learning
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c .Johannes Wildt

3. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Datum Sidfot 3
Bolzano
Umeå European
Capital of Culture 2014

4. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Umeå – European Capital of Culture 2014

5. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Umeå University
built in 1965

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http://iml.edusci.umu.se/ictml/
Eva Mårell
Post-doc
Peter Bergström
Post-doc
Anders Norberg
PhD student and
Educational
Technologist
Lars Häll
Post-Doc

7. isa.jahnke@umu.se
My Background
Hochschuldidaktik / Instructional design
Informatik & Society
#Skype on wheels
(Telepresence Robots)
#GoogleGlass
Mobile & Creative Learning
#Odder (DK)
#DDD (funded by VR)
#Finland schools - cooperation
#ipadsPTE (Umeå Univ.)
PeTEX (EU, 2008-2011)
Jahnke, Terkowsky, Pleul, Wildt, Tekkaya
Informal-In-Formal
#InPUD in CS (2001-2005/9)
Creativity in HE
#DaVINCI (2009-2011)
isa.jahnke@umu.se
My new book
/Routledge

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What is your background in terms of
“discipline”, “field” or “department”?
ANSWER HERE
http://PollEv.com/isaja
Poll Every Where . com

9. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Outline
• An alternative view
on our digital world today --- CrossActionSpaces
• What does this mean for teaching and learning in
higher education? (understanding learning in such a digital world)
= Characteristics of Learning in the Digital Age
• What designs for teaching and learning are needed
under such new conditions?
• Examples

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Question to all of you
Who is using right now a device with Internet access?
lofoten picture

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Classroo
m /
Course
Classroo
m /
Course
Digital Age classrooms:
Spaces Merging
Access to
Processes
Twitter,
GroupApps
Chats/Blogs/Websites
Social Networking Sites/
Live Broadcasting Interactive
…
Traditional classroom
Separation
Access to
information/books/knowledge
Jahnke, 2015
Routledge, in press

12. isa.jahnke@umu.se
An alternative perspective –
ICT in education is more than just a
tool
Physical classroom and web-enabled mobile devices
are merging into new spaces – co-expanded
communication spaces
=CrossActionSpaces
Jahnke, 2015 my new book,
Routledge/in press
“When people have the whole world
in front of them”

13. isa.jahnke@umu.se
What are the characteristics of human
actions in CrossActionSpaces?
Human interaction is evolving towards crossaction
• Humans connect to each other’s resources
• There is no clear difference between offline and online
(e.g., YouNow)
• They are “in” different places at same times
(Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, …)
• When they have a question they ask their online
networks or “google / bing” it
• Learners are makers - they create and share
• They discuss
(The example of huge conferences)
Photo: Ralf Jahnke-Wachholz
Reflections = people interact, make
choices and decisions and can
explain why they are doing it what
they are doing, and why this is
useful for their learning progress
What is “Learning” then?
• reflective doing of multiply crossactions
• reflective performance of crossactions
• reflective communication
Jahnke, 2015
Routledge, in press

14. isa.jahnke@umu.se
The Web2.0-Trap: the crowd matters – not?!
A thought experiment
Web 2.0 in the society works because relativily many people are active
e.g., Wikipedia.de:
1% of 80 millions German speaking people is still many: 800.000
0,1% of 80 millions 80.000
Web 2.0 In courses
1% of 100 students in a lecture = 1
1% of 40 students in a seminar = 0,4
Technology itself is not enough!
A didactical design is required where
learners become active participants

15. isa.jahnke@umu.se
What is a) learning in
your course, and how
do you define b)
teaching?
Go to
TodaysMeet.com
• https://todaysmeet.com/Bolzano
and write your answer there
Use keywords or short phrases
(ca. 10 mins)

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Theoretical lens
Design is the act of giving a form to something
Teaching is the ’design act’ of creating conditions for
learning; more specific, it is the act of modelling
sociotechnical-pedagogical processes to enable
student learning
Designs for Learning
--Bonderup-Dohn & Hansen, 2014
--Jahnke, Norqvist, & Olsson, 2014

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Learning Goal:
Painting a house
Please use pen and paper or laptop/ipad
And paint a house
Then, ask your colleague (sitting next to you) to
assess your product
Photo: Ralf Jahnke-Wachholz

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• Set learning goals
• Set criteria
• Create learning processes

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Learning goals
(intended learning outcomes,
teaching aims)
Learning
expedition
(learning process)
Process-based
Assessment
Criteria/Feedback/guided
reflections
(by peers, teachers,
self-reflections)
social relations/roles
Web-enabled
digital media
Digital Didactical
Design
--Hudson, 2008
--Jahnke & Kumar, 2014

20. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Social Relations
Multiply Roles
From 1 to many
Learning
activities
(From surface to
deep learning)
Teaching aims /ILO
From non-clear to
clear and visible
Outer circle=5
Inner circle=1
From teacher-led classrooms (inner circle)
to learning-centric situations (outer circle)
Mobile Technology
integration
From substitution to
multimodal
Process-based
Assessment (guided
reflections)

21. isa.jahnke@umu.se

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Digital
Didactical
Design
3 layers
affect each
other
ICT ICT
ICT
ICT
Student
Teacher
Content
Teaching
objectives
Pro.-
Assessment/Feedbac
k
Learning
activities
Academic staff
development
Curriculum (+exams)
development
Institutional
strategies
1 Didactical
Interactions
2 Digital
Didactical Design
3 Didactical
Conditions
22

23. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Designing for Learning
=> teaching is ”process design”!
Jonassen et al, 2003 “Solving Problems…”
“Meaningful learning with technology” (2012)
Instead of creating a course design,
where and when students meet,
design the process!
**Do not** (re-)organize learning
around textbooks or meetings points
but: design the process.

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Learning is supported in forms of
trad. Course Design vs. Process Design
Element for organizing learning is
a) meeting place b) regular meetings
Element for organizing learning is the
process that supports learning to achieve
learning goals (development of competencies)
THINK IN PROCESSES
What activities?
What resources?
What roles?
When, where?

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• collaborative producing experiments
• Video-recording
• Peer-reflections
• Mind mapping for finding the knowledge gap
• Students searched online about existing experiments to create new ones
EXAMPLE
Learning goals: Students develop Physics/Chemistry skills

26. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Planning
the physics
Exp.
Conducting
1st
Peer-
reflecting
Im-
proving
Conduc-
ting
2nd
Teacher
as Expert
Students as
collaborative
producers
Teacher
as Process-
Mentor
Teacher
as Learning-
Companion
Students as
documentors
Internet
access,
Information;
Apps (…)
Media tablet
Video-
recording
Media tablet
YouTube
Channel
Media tablet:
Produced Video
Mindmap App
Students as
collab. reflectors
process-based assessment
(feedback)
Developed
skills in
physics;
applying
knowledge
feedforward (support of learning
progress)
Adopting SeeMe rules by Herrmann (2009); Roles in red oval;
Activities in yellow; Entities such as resources and technology in blue
rectangle; Teaching aims/ILO in green; Process-based assessment in

27. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Planning
the physics
Exp.
Conducting
1st
Peer-
reflecting
Im-
proving
Conduc-
ting
2nd
Teacher
as Expert
Students as
collaborative
producers
Teacher
as Process-
Mentor
Teacher
as Learning-
Companion
Students as
documentors
Students as
collab. reflectors
Internet
access,
Information;
Apps (…)
Media tablet
Video-
recording
Media tablet
YouTube
Channel
Media tablet:
Produced Video
Mindmap App
process-based assessment
(feedback)
Developed
skills in
physics;
applying
knowledge
feedforward (support of learning
progress)
Adopting SeeMe rules by Herrmann (2009); Roles in red oval;
Activities in yellow; Entities such as resources and technology in blue
rectangle; Teaching aims/ILO in green; Process-based assessment in

28. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Considering five elements when
designing learning processes
Meaningful learning
5 facets
• A complex situation – Active
• Constructive (students solve a problem)
• Cooperation (to solve the complex problem)
• Authentic (real-world problem)
• Goal-directed / Reflective)
Jonassen et al, 2003 “Solving Problems…”
“Meaningful learning with technology” (2012)

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Communication
(express)
Information
Networking
(Connect)
Cooperation/
Collaboration
Sharing
Social Tagging
Services (del.icio.us,
bibsonomy)
Forums
Blogs
(Wordpress,…)
Wikis (Wikipedia,
Openstreet map, …)
Microblogging
(z.B. Twitter)
Where to put traditional
learning management systems (LMS) ?
Social Networking
(Ning, Facebook,…),
YouTube
Podcasts
(Lecture recordings, …) Crowdsourcing
(NASA Clickworker,,...)
Chats, IM
Mindmap
apps
Document-mana-
gement-systems
Jahnke, 2015
Routledge, in press
Technology View

30. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Jonassen, Howland, Moore and Marra (2003);
Technology Integration Matrix (UF, Florida)
“Technologies need to engage learners in
articulating/communication and representing
their understanding, not that of teachers.”
(p. 4).

31. isa.jahnke@umu.se
The Padagogy Wheel
http://www.unity.net.au/allansportfolio/edublog/

32. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Examples
Blended Learning
Learning expedition
with a Wiki
Lectures with
Forum / Blogs /
TodaysMeet etc.
Intut/Prätut
Online - Student
Generated
Webtours (online)

33. isa.jahnke@umu.se
1: WIKI – collaborative research-based learning
including peer-reviews (2001-2011)
http://ews.tu-dortmund.de

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Seminar Summer 2009
Module: „Social Change“ (Teacher Education)
Presence
meeting
Introduction
(April 2009) Online
Scientific article WIKI-
based (Dortmund
Intranet)
Guided Reflections
with three feedback
loops (teacher/peers)
Presence
Students
prepare a
course
Juli/Aug
2009

35. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Didaktik approach: Research-based learning
= Designing learning around research processes with
process-based feedback!
 3-5 students per group:
Developing of a scientific article (Social Change topic)
• 1. Formulating RQ
• 2. Researching literature
• 3. Narrow down the RQ
• 4. Exploring theoretical approaches
• 5. Plannung and conducting data collection and analysis
• 6. Documentation
 Empirical study: e.g., 1-3 interviews or survey or etc.
 Peer-Reviews (NOTE: “how to write a review” guide; formal/content issues!)
 Plannung and Conducting of a 60mins. interactive session
(NOTE: students need a guide how to facilitate small groups )
When turns
research into research-
based learning?

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11.5.Literature (Basics)
17.5Feed
22.06.Scientific wiki Entry
incl. Emircal data
Reviews 3.07.
Ü./Folien13.07
Feed20.07
Introdduction (3hours)
20.4.
Apr. Mai Juni Juli Aug.
31.07-
01.08.200
9
Schedule
Presence
- Fr 26.6., G1-5
(ca. 1 hr)
- Fr 03.7., G6-10

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2) InTUT PräTUT – Learning process in the focus!
(Backhaus/ Steiner)

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3) Student Generated Webtours
www.professorenweb.de
Thomas Laukamm

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4) Traditional lectures/seminars
with ICT support
• TodaysMeet.com
• Polleverywhere.com
• …
Give every student a voice and activate her
participation through your design for learning
- but don’t say “it is optional” (BIG MISTAKE 

40. isa.jahnke@umu.se
What have the examples in common?
”Maker Movement in Education” , Maker Pedagogy
Learning through Reflective Making – Learners express themselves in different ways
1. Activating student engagement (motivation) through
producing and (reflective) making
2. More than one correct answer or strategy is possible
3. Documenting learning steps,
= "students express themselves in different ways"
4. choices of learning activities;
= "different ways are possible to build a product”
5. Connecting the learning process to a real audience,
bringing the real world into the university = real world problems
6. combining traditional resources (books, pen, whiteboard...)
and different apps/technology; => technology will not
substitute all other great resources; it is just another way of
designing for learning while using different resources
Maker Movement
Hatch, 2013
Jahnke, 2015,
Routledge/in press

41. isa.jahnke@umu.se
CrossActionSpaces
"require teachers to undertake more complex reasoning than before
in their planning and practice" (Webb & Coxx, 2007)
Traditional teaching was a routine activity, it is
moving. Teaching using innovative pedagogy
(Didaktik) turns into a
design project in teacher teams
Teachers are learners at the workplace
(Goggins, Jahnke, Wulf, 2014)
Learners become not only pro-sumers/ producers
but
**reflective** makers in groups
Making or producing
is not enough!
Criteria and guided
reflections are required
for supporting the
learning process for a
progress

42. isa.jahnke@umu.se
The university of the
future - design thinking
In the university of the future, teaching is organized in project
teacher teams across existing disciplines
(e.g., Eva Mårell’s GoogleGlas project: involving 3 different study programs)
Teacher teams from different departments work together per
semester and design a "learning expedition"
- learning by topic / not by subject
„knowledge is not the destination but an ongoing activity”
(Jonsson et al., 2013)

43. isa.jahnke@umu.se
What the cleaning person is seeing...
http://www.sycmu.com/2012/11/26/classroom-blackboard-teacher-sees-students/
Traditional teaching face a challenge that
new innovative designs for learning overcome?!

44. isa.jahnke@umu.se
Thanks!
Professor Dr. Isa Jahnke
ICT, media and learning
Umeå University
Dep of Applied Educational Sciences
Email
isa.jahnke@gmail.com
Website
http://www.isa-jahnke.com
Facebook and Twitter
@isaja

45. isa.jahnke@umu.se
http://iwastesomuchtime.com/on/?i=37716