This document provides an overview of file systems and storage options in Windows Server 2016. It discusses the four main file systems - FAT, FAT32, NTFS, and ReFS. NTFS and ReFS are the two file systems supported by Windows Server 2016. ReFS provides advantages like availability, scalability, data integrity and application compatibility. It allows the system to continue functioning despite errors. NTFS also provides features like disk quotas, file encryption, dynamic volumes, self-healing and security. The document concludes by covering initializing disks using MBR or GPT partition styles.

1. INTRODUCTION OF
STORAGE

2. OVERVIEW
 Understanding and define File Systems
 Configure storage pools
 implement simple, mirror, and parity storage layout
options for disks or enclosures;
 expand storage pools;

3. UNDERSTANDING FILE SYSTEMS
 There are four (4) supported file systems:
FAT, FAT32, NTFS, and ReFS.
 FAT and FAT32 partitions may not always be an available option.
 FAT has a max partition size of 4GB and FAT32 has a max partition size of 32
GB.

4.  When you’re planning your Active Directory deployment,
the file system that the operating system uses is an
important concern for two reasons.
 First, the file system can provide the ultimate level of security
for all the information stored on the server itself.
 Second, it is responsible for managing and tracking all of this
data.

5. WINDOWS SERVER 2016 PLATFORM SUPPORTS
 The Windows Server 2016 platform supports two main file systems:
 Windows NT File System (NTFS)
 Resilient File System (ReFS)
 Although ReFS was new to Windows Server 2012
 NTFS in Windows Server 2016 has been improved for better
performance.

6. RESILIENT FILE SYSTEM (REFS)
 ReFS allows the Windows Server 2016 system to
continue to function despite some errors that
would normally cause data to be lost or the system
to go down. ReFS uses data integrity to protect
your data from errors and also to make sure that
all of your important data is online when that data
is needed.

7. ADVANTAGE RESILIENT FILE SYSTEM
 Availability If your hard disk becomes corrupt, ReFS has the ability to
implement a salvage strategy that removes the data that has been
corrupted. This feature allows the healthy data to continue to be available
while the unhealthy data is removed.
 Scalability One of the main advantages of ReFS is the ability to support
volume sizes up to 2^78 bytes using 16 KB cluster sizes, while Windows
stack addressing allows 2^64 bytes.
 ReFS also supports file sizes of 2^64-1 bytes, 2^64 files in a directory, and
the same number of directories in a volume.

8.  Data Integrity ReFS uses a check-summed system to verify that all
data that is being written and stored is accurate and reliable.
ReFS always uses allocate-on-write for updates to the data, and it
uses checksums to detect disk corruption.
 Application Compatibility ReFS allows for most NTFS features and
also supports the Win32 API. Because of this, ReFS is compatible
with most Windows applications.

9. NTFS
 Disk Quotas To restrict the amount of disk space used by users on the network, system administrators
can establish disk quotas.
 File System Encryption system administrators are often given full permission to view all files and data
stored on hard disks, which can be a security and privacy concern.
 Dynamic Volumes Protecting against disk failures is an important. Redundant Array of Independent
Disks (RAID) technology, software-based solutions had some shortcomings. Perhaps the most significant
was that administrators needed to perform server reboots to change RAID configurations. Also, you
could not make some configuration changes without completely reinstalling the operating system. With
Windows Server 2016 support for dynamic volumes, system administrators can change RAID and other
disk configuration settings without needing to reboot or reinstall the server. The result is greater data
protection, increased scalability, and increased uptime. Dynamic volumes are also included with ReFS.

10.  Self-healing NTFS Self-healing NTFS attempts to fix corrupted NTFS file systems without taking them
offline. Self-healing NTFS allows an NTFS file system to be corrected without running the Chkdsk.exe
utility. New features added to the NTFS kernel code allow disk inconsistencies to be corrected without
system downtime.
 Security NTFS allows you to configure not only folder-level security but also file-level security. NTFS
security is one of the biggest reasons most companies use NTFS. ReFS also allows folder- and fi le-
security.

11. INITIALIZING DISKS
 Once a disk drive has been physically installed, it must be initialized by selecting the type of partition.
Different types of partition styles are used to initialize disks:
 Master Boot Record (MBR) and GUID Partition Table (GPT).
 MBR has a partition table that indicates where the partitions are located on the disk drive, and with
this particular partition style, only volumes up to 2 TB (2,048 GB) are supported.
 An MBR drive can have up to four primary partitions or can have three primary partitions and one
extended partition that can be divided into unlimited logical drives.
 GPT disk drive can support volumes of up to 18EB (18,874,368 million terabytes) and 128 partitions.

12. Thank you !