4G technology
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This document discusses the evolution of wireless communication technologies from 0G to 4G. It provides an overview of each generation including key features and standards. The main points covered are: - 0G began with analog radio technology. 1G introduced the first analog cell phone networks. 2G brought digital networks and SMS. 3G added IP-based services like video calling. - 4G is defined as providing speeds up to 100 Mbps for mobile use and 1 Gbps when stationary, using wide bandwidths of 100MHz and above. It will combine with IP services. - Applications of 4G include virtual presence, telemedicine, tele-education and high quality video. The document also introduces WiMAX as
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This presentation summarizes 4G technology, providing an overview of its key features and advantages in 3 sentences or less:
4G technology supports high-speed wireless communication of up to 1 Gbps for stationary users and 100 Mbps for mobile users, allowing for multimedia applications like high-definition video calls and streaming. It uses an all-IP packet-switched network along with technologies like OFDM, MIMO antennas, IPv6, and software-defined radios. While 4G aims to provide affordable high-speed connectivity globally, challenges remain in fully implementing its capabilities and integrating new services cost-effectively.
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Now-a-days the goal of many customers is to have PC at one’s palm.
To support powerful systems we need long range, high speed wireless network called 4G.
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2. Early 1G analog networks had limited capacity and scalability, while 2G digital networks used TDMA to allow multiple calls per channel and deliver mobile to the masses.
3. CDMA, commercialized by Qualcomm, further increased capacity by using all available spectrum and allowing thousands of simultaneous calls. This established the foundation for 3G technologies.
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Here are three key reasons for researching 4G technology even though 3G has not been fully deployed yet:
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Now-a-days the goal of many customers is to have PC at one’s palm.
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4G technology
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This document compares 4G and 5G networks and their performance for different use cases. It discusses that 4G networks provide speeds from 100Mbps to 1Gbps while 5G aims to offer speeds over 1Gbps. 5G aims to integrate different networks to create a unified wireless solution. The document outlines several key features of 5G including higher speeds, lower latency, massive connectivity and customized services. It then compares 4G and 5G on aspects like speed, bandwidth and applications. In conclusion, it states that 5G will provide a more reliable and affordable wireless solution compared to previous technologies.
4G Technology
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4 G
The document summarizes 4G wireless network technology. 4G networks will provide transmission speeds from 100Mbps to 1Gbps using only packet-switched networks. Key objectives of 4G include high network capacity, seamless connectivity across networks, and support for multimedia applications requiring transmission of high-quality video and audio. 4G will rely on technologies like OFDMA and MIMO to achieve these goals and deliver an "all-IP" experience to users.
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This document provides an overview of 4G mobile technology, comparing it to 3G and 5G technologies. It discusses the technologies that enable 4G such as OFDM and MIMO, and how 4G can provide integrated voice, data and multimedia services with higher data rates than previous generations. Application areas of 4G that could see benefits include government organizations, education, electronics and telecommunications. Advantages include high speeds up to 100Mbps, while limitations include higher battery usage and costs.
4G Fourth generation
Deep Mehta presented information on the history and development of wireless communication technologies. The document discussed the four generations of wireless technology: 1G was analog and provided speeds up to 9.6 Kbps; 2G introduced digital networks like GSM and provided speeds up to 14.4 Kbps; 3G supported broadband data up to 2 Mbps; and 4G is expected to provide speeds from 100 Mbps to 1 Gbps using OFDM technology. The document also examined the working of different multiple access technologies and how 4G will enable new mobile applications and enterprise benefits like high-speed connectivity.
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This document provides an introduction to 4G networks, including their history and evolution. 4G was introduced to provide high-bandwidth internet access to users on the move. It has progressed from initial commercial deployments in Scandinavia in 2009 using LTE technology to widespread adoption around the world today. Key features of 4G include high speeds of up to 1 Gbps, quality of service, support for mobile broadband internet usage, and packet-switched connectivity. The document compares 4G to 3G and outlines advantages like broadband access anywhere as well as disadvantages such as initial high battery usage and implementation challenges. Potential applications of 4G include public safety services, traffic management, mobile commerce, entertainment, and more.
4 g technology
4G technology provides high-speed wireless internet access and multimedia services to users. It allows downloading of full-length movies within 5 minutes and streaming of high-definition content. 4G uses packet switching for voice and video calls, using network resources only when transmitting data. While 4G provides higher speeds and bandwidth than 3G, implementing the new technology poses challenges such as high costs and the need for more advanced hardware.
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5G mobile technology aims to provide faster download speeds, lower latency, and more bandwidth than previous generations. It is expected to be fully implemented by 2020. 5G will offer super fast and efficient mobile networks through bidirectional large bandwidth and connectivity anywhere in the world. Download and upload speeds may reach 3.77 Gbps. Applications of 5G include mobile devices that can sense natural disasters, self-cleaning phones, and health monitoring through suggested medications. 5G networks will utilize unified IP and seamless combinations of technologies to dynamically access information through various connected devices.
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There are two main cellular network technologies: GSM and CDMA. Major carriers like Sprint, Verizon, and T-Mobile use one or the other. Understanding the differences between GSM and CDMA, such as coverage, data speeds, and roaming capabilities, allows consumers to choose the preferable network for their needs.
Evolution from 3_g_to_4g_and_beyond_5g
This document discusses the evolution of wireless communication networks from 1G to 5G. It provides an overview of 1G to 3G wireless systems, including their key features and limitations. 4G is presented as a conceptual framework to address future high speed wireless needs, aiming to provide 100Mbps mobility and 1Gbps stationary speeds. 5G is described as a theoretical complete wireless system with almost no limitations, enabling a true "wireless world". The document concludes that wireless systems are becoming important infrastructure and a virtual global system can efficiently connect dedicated wireless networks from 2G to 4G.
3 g (3rd generation mobile technology)
Description of 3G technology used in wireless communication.
A brief introduction to other generations as well.
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Internet of Things (IoT)
The document discusses the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as embedding computing intelligence in objects to connect them to the Internet, enabling data collection and exchange. The document outlines key IoT technologies like sensors, connectivity, cloud platforms and machine learning. It describes the common IoT lifecycle of collecting, communicating and analyzing data to enable actions. Examples of IoT use cases covered include manufacturing, agriculture, automotive, retail, logistics, smart homes and its growing role in areas like fever detection and social distancing due to COVID-19. The presentation concludes with a vision of an expanded IoT future.
Digital logic
This document discusses digital logic gates. It begins by defining a gate as a digital circuit with one or more inputs and one output. The three basic gates are described as the NOT, OR, and AND gates. Additional universal gates, the NAND and NOR gates, are introduced. Truth tables are provided to explain the output of each gate for all possible input combinations. The document also discusses how to derive different gate functions using NAND and NOR gates alone through De Morgan's theorems.
Operating system
The document defines an operating system and describes its key functions. An operating system acts as an interface between software and hardware, controlling and monitoring system functions. It discusses three types of user interfaces - command line, menu driven, and graphical - and provides examples. The main functions of an operating system are booting the computer, managing resources like memory and CPU time, managing processes, memory, I/O, and providing services like file management, communication, security, and hardware control.
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The document discusses the knapsack problem and greedy algorithms. It defines the knapsack problem as an optimization problem where given constraints and an objective function, the goal is to find the feasible solution that maximizes or minimizes the objective. It describes the knapsack problem has having two versions: 0-1 where items are indivisible, and fractional where items can be divided. The fractional knapsack problem can be solved using a greedy approach by sorting items by value to weight ratio and filling the knapsack accordingly until full.
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What is spanning tree and minimum spanning tree , methods to create minimum spanning tree, prim's algorithm , kruskal's algorithm.
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divide and conquer , Example , benefits, Quick sort algorithm, complexity of quick sort, merits of quick sort
GPRS Technology
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) enables various corporate and consumer applications through data services like SMS, WAP, and MMS. There are two modes of GPRS - application mode where apps run on the phone itself, and tunneling mode where the phone acts as a modem to access networks through devices like laptops. GPRS terminals fall into Classes A, B, or C depending on their ability to simultaneously attach to GPRS and GSM services, with Class A having the most capabilities. GPRS supports point-to-point and point-to-multipoint data transfer between users and groups.
Algorithm - Introduction
This document discusses algorithms including:
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- Characteristics of algorithms include being definite, finite, unambiguous, and efficient.
- The design process involves understanding the problem, capabilities of the device, choosing exact or approximate solutions, selecting a data structure, and techniques like divide-and-conquer.
- Algorithms can be specified through languages, pseudocode, or flowcharts and must be proven correct. Their analysis considers time and space complexity.
Data structure - Graph
The document defines and describes various graph concepts and data structures used to represent graphs. It defines a graph as a collection of nodes and edges, and distinguishes between directed and undirected graphs. It then describes common graph terminology like adjacent/incident nodes, subgraphs, paths, cycles, connected/strongly connected components, trees, and degrees. Finally, it discusses two common ways to represent graphs - the adjacency matrix and adjacency list representations, noting their storage requirements and ability to add/remove nodes.
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Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
ここ3000字までしか入らないけどタイトルの方がたくさん文字入ると思います。
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みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
みなさんこんにちはこれ何文字まで入るの？40文字以下不可とか本当に意味わからないけどこれ限界文字数書いてないからマジでやばい文字数いけるんじゃないの？えこ...
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FME
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Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !
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Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalization
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Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 days
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“Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” a Presentation...
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Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdf
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdf
4G technology
- 2. CONTENTS EVOLUTION OF 4G CONCEPT OF 4G 3G vs 4G APPLICATIONS CONCEPT OF WiMAX Wi-Fi vs WiMAX CONCLUSION 2012
- 3. 0G Half-duplex lines -One speaks, the other cannot speak. Push-to-talk protocol (PTT) Voice only Two-way radio / “Walkie-Talkies” Mobile Telephone System (MTS) 1946 MTS 1962 IMTS 2012
- 4. 1G Analog cell phones Voice only 1980s to 1990s NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone) AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System) Problem with 1G: - Not encrypted - Prone to distortions 2012
- 5. 2G 1991 - Digital networks - SMS Multiplexing : TDMA and CDMA Mainly circuit : switched Standards : GSM, iDEN 1999 2.5G GPRS : Data rate up to 128 kb/s EDGE : Data rate up to 384 kb/s TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) GSM: Originally from Europe but used worldwide iDEN: Proprietary network used by Nextel in the US2012
- 6. 3G Combines with IP based services Video-conferencing Music downloading Transfer of data: Emails Documents CDMA2000, UMTS, W-CDMA Problem: Cost of deploying Different places, different air interface CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) UMTS- UNIVERSAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM W-CDMA: Wideband Code Division Multiple Access 2012
- 7. 4G CONCEPT “The user has freedom and flexibility to select any desired service with reasonable QoS and affordable price, anytime, anywhere.” 4G networks are projected to provide speeds of 100 Mbps while moving and 1 Gbps while stationary. 2012
- 8. Catagories 3g 4g Speeds 384Kbs to 2Mbps 20 to 100Mbps Bandwidth 5-20MHz 100MHz and more Access Technologies W-CDMA MC-CDMA Multiplexing CDMA CDMA 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 3G 4G Mbps 3G VS 4G 2012
- 9. 2012
- 10. APPLICATIONS Virtual Presence Tele-geoprocessing applications Tele-Medicine Tele- Education Multimedia– Video Services 2012
- 12. WiMAX (World Interoperability for Microwave Access) Two main applications of WiMAX: 1.Fixed WiMAX: Fixed WiMAX applications are point-to-multipoint enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL for homes and businesses. 2.Mobile WiMAX: Mobile WiMAX offers the full mobility of cellular networks at true broadband speeds. 2012
- 13. 2012
- 14. Wi-Fi vs WiMAX Wi-Fi 1.Uses shared spectrum 2.Operates at short distance WiMAX: 1.Uses private Licensed Spectrum 2.Operates at larger public areas 2012
- 15. – Embed 4G technology into all end-user devices – Develop mobile personal gateways – Develop external interfaces with 4G peripherals 4G ACCESS OPTION 2012