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Photosynthesis - dark reaction
The document discusses the dark reactions of photosynthesis, emphasizing the Calvin cycle and the C4 pathway, both of which facilitate carbon fixation in plants. It details the mechanisms, stages, and advantages of the C4 pathway compared to C3, including adaptability to environmental stress, and introduces the Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) pathway. Additionally, it touches on the phenomenon of photorespiration and its impact on photosynthesis efficiency.
