12 lead introduction review of the basics
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The 12-lead ECG provides 12 pictures of the heart that can be interpreted in under 60 seconds. There are 3 limb leads, 3 augmented limb leads, and 6 precordial leads that each represent a different view of the heart. Understanding the vector, or direction of electrical flow, of each lead helps identify abnormalities in cardiac depolarization. The mean QRS axis can be determined from leads I, II, and III and indicates the quadrant of cardiac electrical activity. Interpreting 12-lead ECGs involves recognizing common patterns that indicate conditions like myocardial infarction.
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The document discusses the electrocardiogram (ECG), providing definitions and discussing its uses, components, and interpretation. Some key points:
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1. The document discusses ECG interpretation and analysis. It covers ECG basics, normal sinus rhythm, arrhythmias, and diagnosing myocardial infarction.
2. A key point is that diagnosing a myocardial infarction requires analyzing a 12-lead ECG, not just a rhythm strip, as the 12-lead ECG provides multiple views of the heart.
3. ST elevation in certain leads can help locate the site of a myocardial infarction, with the anterior wall seen in leads V1-V4, the lateral wall in leads I, aVL, V5-V6, and the inferior wall in leads II, III, and aVF.
53
The document discusses ECG leads and their axis. It explains that the 12-lead ECG places electrodes on the body in different configurations to view electrical activity from different perspectives. The 3 limb leads (I, II, III) and 3 augmented leads (aVR, aVL, aVF) use the arms and legs. The 6 precordial leads (V1-V6) are placed on the chest. Together, the 12-leads provide a multi-dimensional view of the heart's electrical activity. Each lead orientation favors visibility of certain heart regions, with limb leads viewing the inferior side and precordial leads viewing anterior-posterior activity.
4 ECG MADE EXTRA EASY.pdf
This document provides an overview of performing and interpreting electrocardiograms (ECGs). It outlines the objectives of understanding ECGs, including defining an ECG, performing one, and interpreting various cardiac pathologies. The document explains that an ECG is a tracing of the heart's electrical activity and describes the process for recording one, including electrode placement and the cardiac conduction system. It also provides a high-level overview of the typical waves, segments and intervals seen on an ECG tracing.
Ekg or ECG (clectrocariography)
This document provides an overview of performing and interpreting electrocardiograms (ECGs). It outlines the objectives of understanding ECGs, including defining an ECG, performing one, and interpreting various cardiac pathologies. The document explains that an ECG is a tracing of the heart's electrical activity and describes the process for recording one, including electrode placement and the cardiac conduction system. It also provides a high-level overview of the typical waves, segments and intervals seen on an ECG tracing and how the different leads view the heart.
Basics of ECG.ppt dr.k.subramanyam
This document provides an overview of electrocardiography (ECG), including how an ECG works, the basics of recording an ECG, ECG leads, normal ECG waveforms and intervals, interpreting an ECG, common abnormalities, and how to report an ECG. It discusses topics such as the cardiac conduction system, Einthoven's triangle, the 12-lead ECG, determining heart rate and axis, normal sinus rhythm, P waves, QRS complex, ST segment, T waves, and the QT interval.
ECG Interpretation ECG Interpretation Basics & Quick Guide ( PDFDrive ).pdf
The document discusses the basics of ECG interpretation. It describes the cardiac conduction system including the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers. It then covers electrocardiography, the uses of ECGs, types of ECGs including resting, exercise and ambulatory, the standard 12-lead setup, and waveform components including the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave.
ECG1.pptx
Electrocardiography involves recording the electrical activity of the heart over time using skin electrodes. An ECG machine produces a graph called an electrocardiogram. ECGs can be used to identify arrhythmias, ischemia, chamber hypertrophy, and other cardiac conditions. The document discusses the history of ECG machines, basic heart anatomy, ECG calibration, waveforms, and how to interpret rate and rhythm.
ECG (Veterinary).pptx
The document discusses principles of electrocardiography (ECG). It explains that an ECG complex consists of a PQRST waveform. The P wave indicates atrial depolarization while the QRS wave is produced by ventricular depolarization. It provides a brief history of ECG, noting that Willem Einthoven developed the bipolar triaxial lead system still used today. The document also lists common indications for ECG, such as arrhythmias, shock, or murmurs. It discusses the normal cardiac conduction system and rules for interpreting the polarity of deflections in ECG complexes.
Interpreting ecg
The document provides an overview of interpreting electrocardiograms (ECGs). It discusses the coronary circulation and electrical conduction system of the heart. It then covers the key elements of an ECG including the waveform and intervals in a normal reading. The document outlines how to interpret an ECG to identify lethal cardiac diseases by examining features such as the rate, rhythm, P waves, PR interval, and QRS complex. It provides guidance on evaluating the ECG for conditions like myocardial infarction by looking at changes in the ST segment across different electrode positions.
12 LEAD
Here are the key steps to determine the cardiac axis on a 12-lead ECG:
1. Identify the positive deflection of the QRS complex in leads I, II, III. This will help determine the quadrant of the axis.
2. Use lead aVR to help further refine the axis. A positive aVR narrows it to the left lateral or left posterior quadrant.
3. The axis is the point where an imaginary line drawn through the heart would intersect the ECG if extended to the peripheral leads.
Determining the cardiac axis provides important information to identify conduction abnormalities like hemiblocks. It's an essential part of accurately interpreting and diagnosing from a 12-lead ECG.
Cardiac Anatomy
The document discusses cardiac anatomy and circulation. It describes how the heart receives its own blood supply from the aorta and how circulation occurs during ventricular relaxation. It details the right and left coronary artery systems that supply nutrients and oxygen to the heart muscle. It explains how different blockages in these arteries can impact different areas of the heart muscle and electrical conduction.
ECG
This document provides an overview of electrocardiography (ECG). It defines an ECG as a tracing of the heart's electrical activity. The objectives are to learn how to perform an ECG, interpret the results, and recognize various pathologies. Key points covered include electrode placement, components of the ECG wave, the physiology of cardiac conduction, interpreting the rate, rhythm, axis, and analyzing P, QRS, and T waves. Causes of axis deviations and details on analyzing the P wave are also summarized.
Зүрхний цахилгаан бичлэг
This document provides an overview of interpreting 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) for myocardial infarction (MI). It reviews ECG waves, intervals, and segments. It defines ischemia, injury, and infarction and describes associated ECG changes. It identifies the five major infarct areas and corresponding lead changes. Color coding is used to indicate changes for anterior, inferior, lateral, posterior, and subendocardial MIs. Examples of ECG strips demonstrate single and combined infarct patterns. Cardiac enzymes that indicate infarction and their time courses are also reviewed.
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12 lead introduction review of the basics
- 1. 12 Lead Interpretation a review of the Basics
- 2. Introduction 12-Lead Interpretation is easier to read than normal ECG Interpretation Techniques used are performed in steps You can interpret a 12- lead ECG in 60 sec or less.
- 3. Reading a 12-Lead There are 12 Pictures taken of the heart every time a 12-Lead is taken. When looking at the ECG we pick out only 1 complex in every picture that represents that picture of the heart.
- 5. Leads used Limb Leads I, II, IIl Augmented Limb Leads: AVR, AVL, AVF, V-Leads or Precordial Leads If you don’t label the leads, youIf you don’t label the leads, you don’t know Jack!!!!!!!don’t know Jack!!!!!!!
- 6. Enthovens triangle Triangular representation of Leads I,II,II
- 8. Augmented Voltage leads AVR AVL AVF Uses a center ground computer assisted
- 13. Additional Leads
- 15. V4R V4R Significance of V4R in relation to RCA occulsions vs. LCA circumflex branch occulsions
- 18. Things the 12 Lead “sees”
- 19. Basics of 12 Lead ECG's: Vector
- 20. Basics of 12 Lead ECG's:Vector
- 21. Basics of 12 Lead ECG's Vector By understanding this concept of vector and knowing the "normal" vector of each of the 12 leads of the 12 lead ECG it becomes quite easy to identify problems in the direction of depolarization. It is also from this knowledge that one identifies the Mean QRS Axis. Using the six limb leads we identify the axis in relation to what is known as the frontal plane. Two major factors help to determine this mean QRS Axis, they are: 1. The anatomical position of the heart 2. The direction of ventricular depolarization.
- 22. Basics of 12 Lead ECG's Determining AXIS 1. Leads 1 and AVF divide the thorax into quadrants, (Left, Normal, Right, No Man's) 2. If leads 1 and AVF are both upright then the Axis is normal. 3. If lead 1 is upright and lead AVF is downward the Axis is Left.
- 23. Basics of 12 Lead ECG's Determining AXIS 4. If lead AVF is upright and lead 1 is downward then the Axis is Right 5. If both leads are downward then the Axis is extreme Right Shoulder and most often is Vent. Tachy
- 24. LEAD 1 LEAD 2 LEAD 3 Normal UPRIGHT UPRIGHT UPRIGHT Physiological Left Axis UPRIGHT UPRIGHT / BIPHASIC NEGATIVE Pathological Left Axis UPRIGHT NEGATIVE NEGATIVE Right Axis NEGATIVE UPRIGHT BIPHASIC NEGATIVE UPRIGHT Extreme Right Axis NEGATIVE NEGATIVE NEGATIVE
- 25. Evolution of an AMI
- 27. Footprints of Posterior MI Never runs alone (always with another MI; Inferior, Lateral, and/or RVI) Most of the Posterior Wall supplied by RCA or LCX Look for Tall R wave in V1,V2,V3 with ST segment depression Run Posterior Leads V7,V8,V9
- 29. ““You see what youYou see what you look for and onlylook for and only recognize what yourecognize what you KNOW”KNOW”
- 30. Example 1
- 31. Example 2
- 32. Example 3
- 33. Example 4
- 34. Example 5