The charge of the ion is indicated by the superscript number after the element symbol. A positive number means the atom lost electrons and is positively charged. A negative number means the atom gained electrons and is negatively charged. Model: Na+ Ion Sodium ion (Na) that lost 1 electron Charge: +1 Protons: 11 Electrons: 10 Neutrons: 12 Mass: 22.9898 Model this ion in your notebook! Model: Cl- Ion Chlorine ion (Cl) that gained 1 electron Charge: -1 Protons: 17 Electrons: 18 Neutrons: 18

1. 11/17 A/B Day
LEQ: How can neutrons and electrons
affect the characteristics of an atom?
1. What is the difference between a convergent and
divergent boundary?
2. What is the name of the process that causes
tectonic plates to move and shift?
3. What is the law of superposition?
4. What is a proton?
5. What is an atom?

2. Track your progress: Unit 2 Quiz A
-1 = 96 -9 = 64 -17 = 32
-2 = 92 -10 = 60 -18 = 28
-3 = 88 -11 = 56 -19 = 24
-4 = 84 -12 = 52 -20 = 20
-5 = 80 -13 = 48 -21 = 16
-6 = 76 -14 = 44 -22 = 12
-7 = 72 -15 = 40 -23 = 8
-8 = 68 -16 = 36 -24 = 4

3. LET’S REVIEW…
Atomic Number
(# of protons
7 in the
Element nucleus)
Symbol N
Nitrogen
14.01

4. How do we find the number of neutrons?

5. Today’s LEQ: How can neutrons and
electrons affect the characteristics of an
atom?
By the end of today, you should be able to…
1. Model isotopes when given a specific atomic
mass
2. Model ions when given specific charge
3. Tell the charge of a diagram of an atom

6. Make a hypothesis: Closest answer gets an
emergency pass!
When we change the number of protons in an atom,
it becomes a different element.
When we change the number of neutrons in an atom,
I think_________________________.
When we change the number of electrons in an atom,
I think_________________________________.

7. Focus Vocabulary:
66. Isotope
67. Ion

8. ISOTOPE

9. ISOTOPE
Atom with a different number of
neutrons

11. BrainPop: Isotopes

12. Copy this in your notes…
C-12
ELEMENT ATOMIC
SYMBOL MASS

13. Elements of the
same TYPE can
have DIFFERENT
ATOMIC MASSES

14. Carbon: What is the atomic mass?
12

15. Carbon: What is the atomic mass?
14

16. Normal Carbon Carbon ISOTOPE
They have a different
number of neutrons!
6 protons
6 protons
8 neutrons
6 neutrons
(Atomic Mass = 14)
(Atomic Mass = 12)

17. C-12 C-14 (isotope)
Protons: 6 Protons: 6
Neutrons: 6 (12-6=6) Neutrons: 8 (14-6=8)

18. ISOTOPE
Atom with a different number of
neutrons
C-12 = normal carbon atom (6 neutrons)
C-14 = carbon ISOTOPE (8 neutrons)

19. Let’s model some isotopes!
Neutrons Protons
We are ONLY MODELING THE
NUCLEUS NOW!!!

20. He-4
2
Nucleus
He
Helium
4.00260

21. He-5 (isotope!)
2
Nucleus
He
Helium
4.00260

22. Be-9
4
Be
Nucleus Beryllium
9.01218

23. Be-10 (isotope!)
4
Be
Nucleus Beryllium
9.01218

24. Be-11 (isotope!)
4
Be
Nucleus Beryllium
9.01218

25. O-16
8
O
Nucleus Oxygen
15.9994

26. Model: 0-14 Isotope

27. Model: Ne-22 Isotope

28. Model: Ne-23

29. Model: Na-22 Isotope

30. Draw and label in your notebook….
(nucleus only, but LEAVE ROOM FOR ELECTRON
ENERGY LEVELS! WE WILL ADD THESE LATER!)
1. Li-7
REMEMBER:
2. Li-5 (isotope)
3. N-14
4. N-15 (isotope)
5. F- 16 (isotope)
6. Ne-20
7. Ne-21 (isotope)
8. H-2 (isotope)

31. HOT Q:
How is an isotope different
from just a regular atom? What
about the atom CHANGES?
Hint:

32. THE MASS!!!
Isotope with
less neutrons
(or weight!)
Regular
Atom
Regular
Atom Isotope with
more neutrons

33. Isotopes and Absolute Dating: Reading
1.What is one way that scientists use isotopes?
2.What substance is found in all living things?
3.Do you think that carbon dating is a good way to
predict the age of something? (Is there anything
you think might make this process inaccurate?)
4.How do isotopes relate to our last unit of geologic
evolution and earth history?

34. Summarizer: PART ONE
Take a look at your hypothesis from the beginning of
class. It should look like this,
When we change the number of neutrons in an atom, I think _______.
1. Was your hypothesis correct? (Totally? Partially? Not at all?)
2. What ACTUALLY happens when we add or subtract the
number of neutrons in an atom? How do the
characteristics of the atom change? (YOU MUST USE THE
WORD ISOTOPE IN YOUR ANSWER!)

35. Today’s LEQ: How can neutrons and
electrons affect the characteristics of an
atom?
By the end of today, you should be able to…
1. Model isotopes when given a specific atomic
mass
2. Model ions when given specific charge
3. Tell the charge of a diagram of an atom

36. ION

37. ION
Atom with a different number of
electrons; has a + or — CHARGE

38. BrainPop-Ions

39. ION
Atom with a different number of
electrons
N +1 = nitrogen that LOST one valence
electron
N -2 = nitrogen that GAINED two valence
electrons