CONNECTKaro 2015 - Session 7A - GPC - Greenhouse Gas Protocol for Cities
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The document introduces the Greenhouse Gas Protocol for Cities (GPC), a global standard for measuring city-level greenhouse gas emissions. It provides an overview of the GPC's development, key reporting frameworks and principles. The GPC offers a standardized approach for cities to consistently measure and manage their emissions to support mitigation target setting and climate action planning. Over 1,000 cities have adopted or are considering adopting the GPC to track their emissions over time and benchmark progress towards climate goals.
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CONNECTKaro 2015 - Session 7A - GPC - Greenhouse Gas Protocol for Cities
- 1. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Greenhouse Gas Protocol for Cities – Introduction and Global Perspective April 16, 2015 Delhi, India Holger Dalkmann WRI
- 2. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Cities’ Contribution To Global GHG Emissions >70% of global energy-related CO2 emissions are attributable to cities Source: World Energy Outlook
- 3. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Why GPC? Different types of measurements Account for only a portion of emissions Unclear if targets will be met Incomplete data limits investment Unable to relate to national climate action WITHOUT GPC One measurement Consistently account for all emissions Emissions trajectory will understood Good data drives investment Can measure city’s contribution to national action WITH GPC
- 4. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting The GPC offers the first, global standard to consistently measure city-level emissions. GPC
- 5. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Lead Authors Over 30 years experience in promoting sustainability worldwide Represent >1200 local governments across the globe Represent over 80 mega and innovative cities across the globe
- 6. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Global Launch June 2012 Draft Version 1.0 for Pilot Test Jun 2011 C40-ICLEI MOU Mar 2012 Draft Version 0.9 for Public Comment May-Dec 2013 Pilot Test by 35 cities July 2014 Draft Version 2.0 for Public Comment Dec 2014 GPC Development Process
- 7. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Base year Emissions Scenario analysis Target SettingAction Plan Tracking Progress Implemen- tation LOW-CARBON PLANNING CYCLE Why Measure Emissions? Establish base year emissions Identify emission sources and reduction opportunities Set target and develop action plans Track progress Benchmarking
- 8. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Pilot City Experience: City of Rio de Janeiro Target: Avoid 20% of 2005 emission level by 2020 GPC Application: Used the GPC to establish 2005 base year emissions and track its 2012 progress
- 9. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Reporting Framework Scope Framework Comprehensively report all GHG emissions from: • Emissions from in-boundary sources (scope 1, or “territorial”) • Emissions from the use of grid- supplied energy (scope 2) • Emissions from out-of-boundary sources as a result of activities in the city (scope 3) City-induced Framework Report only GHG emissions that attributable to activities in the city: • BASIC level reporting: Cover sources that occur in almost all cities and calculation methodologies/data are more readily available • BASIC+ level reporting: More comprehensive coverage of emissions sources
- 10. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Scope Framework Scope 1 Agriculture, Forest, & Other Land Use Industrial Process & Product Use In-boundary Transportation Grid-Supplied Energy Transmission & Distribution Out-of-Boundary Waste In-Boundary Waste Out-of-Boundary Transportation Stationary Fuel Combustion Scope 3 Scope 2 Other Indirect Emissions CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6 NF3
- 11. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting City-Induced Framework Scope 1 Agriculture, Forest, & Other Land Use Industrial Process & Product Use In-boundary Transportation Grid-Supplied Energy Transmission & Distribution Out-of-Boundary Waste In-Boundary Waste Out-of-Boundary Transportation Stationary Fuel Combustion Scope 3 Scope 2 Waste generated outside the city Waste generated in the city Waste generated in the city Energy generation supplied to the grid CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6 NF3 Other Indirect Emissions
- 12. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting BASIC+ Level Reporting Scope 1 Agriculture, Forest, & Other Land Use Industrial Process & Product Use In-boundary Transportation Grid-Supplied Energy Transmission & Distribution Out-of-Boundary Waste In-Boundary Waste Out-of-Boundary Transportation Stationary Fuel Combustion Scope 3 Scope 2 Waste generated in the city Waste generated in the city CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6 NF3
- 13. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting BASIC Level Reporting Scope 1 In-boundary Transportation Grid-Supplied Energy Transmission & Distribution Out-of-Boundary Waste In-Boundary Waste Stationary Fuel Combustion Scope 3 Scope 2 Waste generated in the city Waste generated in the city CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6 NF3
- 14. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting 1,000+ Other potential cities (C40 & ICLEI members) 35 Cities pilot tested the GPC 70+ Other cities used the GPC beta versions Global Adoption of the GPC
- 15. Image: Jim Killock/Flickr CITIES TAKING ACTION 228 Cities to Cut 13 Gt Home to 436 million people Compact of Mayors Using Global Protocol for Cities
- 16. www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting Thank You! Holger Dalkmann W Fong Pankaj Bhatia wfong@wri.org www.ghgprotocol.org/city-accounting
Editor's Notes
- The GPC provides a robust and transparent accounting and reporting system for city-wide GHG emissions. It requires cities to report their emissions using two distinct but complementary approaches: The scopes framework allows cities to comprehensively report all GHG emissions attributable to activities taking place within the geographic boundary of the city by categorizing the emission sources into in-boundary sources (scope 1, or “territorial”), grid-supplied energy sources (scope 2), and out-of-boundary sources (scope 3). Scope 1 allows for a territorial approach to aggregating multiple cities’ inventories, consistent with national-level GHG reporting. The city-induced framework measures GHG emissions attributable to activities taking place within the geographic boundary of the city. This covers selected scope 1, 2 and 3 emission sources. It provides two reporting levels demonstrating different levels of completeness. The BASIC level covers emission sources that occur in almost all cities (Stationary Energy, in-boundary transportation, and in-boundary generated waste) and the calculation methodologies and data are more readily available. The BASIC+ level has a more comprehensive coverage of emissions sources (BASIC sources plus IPPU, AFOLU, transboundary transportation, and energy transmission and distribution losses) and reflects more challenging data collection and calculation procedures.
- https://www.flickr.com/photos/jimkillock/7355686738 Cities account for roughly 70% of global carbon emissions from energy use. The Better Growth, Better Climate report finds that connected, compact cities could save $3 trillion in infrastructure investments over the next 15 years while curbing climate change and improving air quality and public health. The Compact of Mayors, announced at the UN Climate Summit in New York City, convenes cities to set ambitious targets and report their performance transparently. The Compact commits cities to adopting a common accounting standard for measuring their emissions, the Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories (GPC). The Compact of Mayors builds on city commitments to reduce their contributions to global climate change. Analysis shows that 228 cities, home to 436 million people, have voluntarily committed to saving 13 gigatons of greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.