This document introduces ecosystems and defines what constitutes an ecosystem. It provides various examples of ecosystems from different biomes and environments around the world, from rainforests to tundra to sea floors to fallen trees. The document explains that an ecosystem is all of the organisms that live in a region and interact with each other and their surroundings. It notes that cities and even schools can be considered ecosystems. It then introduces the concepts of biotic factors (living components) and abiotic factors (non-living components) that make up ecosystems.