The document discusses TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). TCP/IP provides networking services and protocols that allow for reliable data transmission between computers on a network like the Internet. It operates on a layered architecture with layers for network access, internetworking, and host-to-host transport. Key protocols include TCP, IP, and higher-level applications that use TCP/IP for network communication.
CMAF live Ingest protocol and DASH live ingest as developed by DASH Industry forum for uplink (push based) CMAF, DASH and HLS. With CMAF live ingest you can upload CMAF content and archive it or package it on the fly to HLS and/or DASH
CMAF live Ingest protocol and DASH live ingest as developed by DASH Industry forum for uplink (push based) CMAF, DASH and HLS. With CMAF live ingest you can upload CMAF content and archive it or package it on the fly to HLS and/or DASH
Overview of RARP, BOOTP, DHCP and PXE protocols for dynamic IP address assignment.
Dynamic IP address assignment to a host (or interface) is a common problem in TCP/IP based networks.
Manual and static assignment of IP addresses does not scale well and becomes a labor intensive task with a growing number of hosts.
An early approach for dynamic IP address assignment was RARP (Reverse ARP) which ran directly on the Ethernet protocol layer.
The many problems of RARP such as the inability to be routed between subnets were solved with BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol).
BOOTP, however, ended to have its own set of limitations like lack of a lease time for IP addresses.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) was therefore defined as an extension to BOOTP.
DHCP is backward compatible with BOOTP thus allowing some degree of interoperability between the 2 protocols.
The state-of-the-art protocol for dynamic IP address assignment is, however, is DHCP.
DHCPv6 is an adaption of DHCP for IPv6 based networks.
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is used by the vast majority of applications to transport their data reliably across the Internet and in the cloud. TCP was designed in the 1970s and has slowly evolved since then. Today's networks are multipath: mobile devices have multiple wireless interfaces, datacenters have many redundant paths between servers, and multihoming has become the norm for big server farms. Meanwhile, TCP is essentially a single-path protocol: when a TCP connection is established, the connection is bound to the IP addresses of the two communicating hosts and these cannot change. Multipath TCP (MPTCP) is a major modification to TCP that allows multiple paths to be used simultaneously by a single transport connection. Multipath TCP circumvents the issues mentioned above and several others that affect TCP. The IETF is currently finalising the Multipath TCP RFC and an implementation in the Linux kernel is available today.
This tutorial will present in details the design of Multipath TCP and the role that it could play in cloud environments. We will start with a presentation of the current Internet landscape and explain how various types of middleboxes have influenced the design of Multipath TCP. Second we will describe in details the connection establishment and release procedures as well as the data transfer mechanisms that are specific to Multipath TCP. We will then discuss several use cases for the deployment of Multipath TCP including improving the performance of datacenters and
mobile WiFi offloading on smartphones. All these use cases are key when both accessing cloud-based services or when providing them. We will end the tutorial with some open research issues.
This tutorial was given at the IEEE Cloud'Net 2012 conference in novembrer 2012.
The pptx version containing animations that are not shown here is available from http://www.multipath-tcp.org
Surf Communication Solutions provides of MoP (Media over Packet) Triple Play (Voice, Video, and Modem/Fax/Data) conversion solutions to communication equipment manufacturers. These solutions are provided in various integration levels: DSP software ; PTMC boards; DSP hardware/software; and PCI boards. http://www.surf-com.com
Overview of RARP, BOOTP, DHCP and PXE protocols for dynamic IP address assignment.
Dynamic IP address assignment to a host (or interface) is a common problem in TCP/IP based networks.
Manual and static assignment of IP addresses does not scale well and becomes a labor intensive task with a growing number of hosts.
An early approach for dynamic IP address assignment was RARP (Reverse ARP) which ran directly on the Ethernet protocol layer.
The many problems of RARP such as the inability to be routed between subnets were solved with BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol).
BOOTP, however, ended to have its own set of limitations like lack of a lease time for IP addresses.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) was therefore defined as an extension to BOOTP.
DHCP is backward compatible with BOOTP thus allowing some degree of interoperability between the 2 protocols.
The state-of-the-art protocol for dynamic IP address assignment is, however, is DHCP.
DHCPv6 is an adaption of DHCP for IPv6 based networks.
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is used by the vast majority of applications to transport their data reliably across the Internet and in the cloud. TCP was designed in the 1970s and has slowly evolved since then. Today's networks are multipath: mobile devices have multiple wireless interfaces, datacenters have many redundant paths between servers, and multihoming has become the norm for big server farms. Meanwhile, TCP is essentially a single-path protocol: when a TCP connection is established, the connection is bound to the IP addresses of the two communicating hosts and these cannot change. Multipath TCP (MPTCP) is a major modification to TCP that allows multiple paths to be used simultaneously by a single transport connection. Multipath TCP circumvents the issues mentioned above and several others that affect TCP. The IETF is currently finalising the Multipath TCP RFC and an implementation in the Linux kernel is available today.
This tutorial will present in details the design of Multipath TCP and the role that it could play in cloud environments. We will start with a presentation of the current Internet landscape and explain how various types of middleboxes have influenced the design of Multipath TCP. Second we will describe in details the connection establishment and release procedures as well as the data transfer mechanisms that are specific to Multipath TCP. We will then discuss several use cases for the deployment of Multipath TCP including improving the performance of datacenters and
mobile WiFi offloading on smartphones. All these use cases are key when both accessing cloud-based services or when providing them. We will end the tutorial with some open research issues.
This tutorial was given at the IEEE Cloud'Net 2012 conference in novembrer 2012.
The pptx version containing animations that are not shown here is available from http://www.multipath-tcp.org
Surf Communication Solutions provides of MoP (Media over Packet) Triple Play (Voice, Video, and Modem/Fax/Data) conversion solutions to communication equipment manufacturers. These solutions are provided in various integration levels: DSP software ; PTMC boards; DSP hardware/software; and PCI boards. http://www.surf-com.com
Transfer to my name is the strongest namaste 🙏🏻 I am happy to hear from the file is the strongest namaste I have to do you have to do you have to do you think I. Namaste I have to do you have to do you have to do you have to do you have to do it for you to be a good day ahead with the .
Multipath TCP Upstreaming to the Linux kernel by Mat Martineau of Intel and Matthieu Baerts of Tessares. What is MPTCT? What are MPTCP Use Cases? 5G Core ATSSS. RFC6824 overview. Close to having an initial patch set ready.
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
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Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
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A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
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Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
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Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
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Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
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Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
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In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
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The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
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Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
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Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
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Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
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My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
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The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
GenAISummit 2024 May 28 Sri Ambati Keynote: AGI Belongs to The Community in O...
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1. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
T C P / I P...
Internet transport Services...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
TCP ---> Transmission
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
Control Protocol.
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
I P ---> Internet
TCP/IPProtocol. TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
2. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP / IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
05E0G2E6FG60F
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Provides Multiplexing services
permitting the transmission of
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
information to any one of a
number of application residing on
TCP/IP addressed host.
the TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
3. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP 05E0G2E6FG60F
/ IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢More full featured protocol,
providing reliable delivery of
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
information stream
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
4. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP / IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
05E0G2E6FG60F
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢With a layered architectre
TCP/IP suite can be understood
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
as a set of discreet components.
¢Deals with communicationns
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
among hetrogenous computers.
TCP/IP TCP/IPend data transfer
¢reliable end to TCP/IP TCP
service.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
5. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP / IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
05E0G2E6FG60F
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Ressambly of the packets can occure
either within a local network or at
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
the recieving end.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
6. TCP/IP...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
History..
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Originally developed in 1970's as
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
a U.S. goverment
Advaced Research Project Agency
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
( ARPA ), reseaech and
developement project.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
7. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP / IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
05E0G2E6FG60F
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢TCP / IP has matured to become
the backbone of the Information
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
Superhighway.
TCP/IP TCP/IPprovide connections
¢Developed to
TCP/IP TCP
to systems world-wide helping to
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IPinto
bring the information age TCP
reality.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
8. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP / IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
05E0G2E6FG60F
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Byte oriented stream protocol
¢Information acknowledgement
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
based on acknowledgement of
individual bytes in the stream
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
rater than complete packet.
¢Automatically adjust to
TCP/IP TCP/IPthe communication
differences in TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
channels.
9. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP / IP....
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Sliding window acknowledgement
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
scheme controls the orderly
dlivery of information
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
10. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP / IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
Sliding Window Protocol..
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
Effective in the cases where the bit
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
size (a ) is greater than the frame
length ( l ),
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
a l.
Used to allow multiple frames to be
TCP/IP TCP/IPtime.
in transit at one TCP/IP TCP
13. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP..
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
NETWORK SERVICES
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Provides the smarts required to
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
identify the computers and
subnetworks that Recieve and
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
Transmit PACKETS
TCP/IPIncludes Packet addressingTCP
¢
TCP/IP TCP/IP and
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
routing of traffic between the
system.
14. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
INTERNET PROTOCOL
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
• Help identify the most
appropriate route for each packet
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
in the network.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
• IP uses a 32-bit address field that
TCP/IP TCP/IPinto as many as
can be divided TCP/IP TCP
four 8-bit fields that are used to
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
describe the network.
15. TCP/IP..
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
INTERNET PROTOCOL
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
DIRECT STATION ADDRESS FORMAT
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
CLASS A
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
high-order eight bits are
used to describe the network.
CLASS B
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
high-order 16 bits define Network
low-order 16 bits define the host.
CLASS C
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
High-order 21 bits define the subnetwork and the Low-
order eight bits define the specific hosts.
16. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP..
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
INTERNET PROTOCOL..
¢Provides Fragmentation and
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
Ressambly services.
¢Includes service that Split each
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
packet into two or
more packets that are
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
subsequently routed through
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
the network.
¢Ressambly of the packets can
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
occure either within a local
18. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
LINK SERVICES...........
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢At this level the internet Protocols
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
need only to provide delivery of
completed packets.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
¢Used where Reliability is
required..
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
19. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
LINK SERVICES...........
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Standards for exchange of internet
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
traffic have been developed for,
TCP/IPEthernet, Serial Lines, TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP
Token Ring LANs,
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
ATM, ISD and others.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
20. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
• In the UNIX community, the IP
(Internet Protocol)is often used
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
for local area networking even if
it is not connected to a larger
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
network.
• It is common for a site to use
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP for communication over a
local Ethernet.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
21. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
features
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Open protocol standards.
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Freely Available.
¢Develops independently from any
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
specific computer hardware or
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
operating system.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
22. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP.. Features
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Ideal for Uniting different
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
hardware and software even if
you dont communicate over the
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
internet.
TCP/IPTCP/IP Integrates many different
¢ TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
kind of networks.
23. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP.....
features
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
¢Can be run over a ,
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
* ETHERNET,
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
* TOKEN RING,
* A DIAL-UP-
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCPLINE,
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
* AN X.25, and
virtually any other kind of
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
Physical Transmission Media.
24. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP...
features
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
¢Has a common addressing
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
scheme that allows any TCP/IP
device to uniquely address any
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
other device in the entire
Network, even the WWW.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IPhigh level Protocols
¢Standardised TCP/IP TCP
for consistent widely available
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
user service.
25. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP...
features
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
¢Has a common addressing
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
scheme that allows any TCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
device to uniquely address any
other device in the entire
Network, even the WWW.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IPhigh level Protocols
¢Standardised TCP/IP TCP
for consistent widely available
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
user service.
26. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
4
APPLICATION LAYER
APPLICATION AND PROCESS
4
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP THAT USE THE NETWORK
HOST-TO-HOST TRANSPORT LAYER.
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
3 PROVIDES END-TO-END DATA
DELIVERY SERVICE
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
2
INTERNET LAYER
DEFINES THE DATAGRAM AND
HANDLES THE ROUTING OF
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP NETWORK ACCESS LAYER
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
1 CONSIST OF ROUTING FOR
ACCESSING PHYSICAL NET-
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP WORK.
Pictorial representation of the Layers in the TCP/IP protocol
hierarchy
27. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP...
NETWORK ACCESS LAYER..
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Contains Protocols that provide
access to a communication
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
Network.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
¢Protocols at this layer are
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
between communications
node and an attached host or its
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
logical equivalent.
28. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
NETWORK ACCESS LAYER...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Functions of all the protocols is to
Route Data between hosts
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
attached to the same Network.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
¢Deals with Flow Control and
TCP/IP TCP/IP between hosts.
Error Control TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
29. TCP/IP ....
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
internet layer.....
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢ Consist of procedures required
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
to allow data to traverse multiple
Networks between the Hosts..
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
¢This Protocol is usually
implemented within hosts and
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
Gateways.
30. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP.....
HOST TO HOST LAYER...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Contains Protocol entities with
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
the aility to deliver data between
two processes on different host
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
computers.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
¢Provides logical connection
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
between higher-level entities.
31. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP.....
HOST TO HOST LAYER...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢Logical connections are used to
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
exchange data between the
ultimate endpoints (processes).
TCP/IP TCP/IPcontrol and the
¢error and Flow
TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
ability to deal with
control signals not associated
TCP/IP logical data connections. TCP
with TCP/IP TCP/IP
32. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP.....
HOST TO HOST LAYER...
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
¢Four general Protocols are
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
seemed to be needed in this level:
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
* Reliable Connection-
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
oriented Data Protocol.
TCP/IP TCP/IP datagram Protocol,
* A TCP/IP TCP
* A Speech Protocol,
TCP/IP TCP/IPreal time DataTCP
*A
TCP/IP
33. Communications Using The TCP/IP Protocol
Architecture.
HOST HOST
O O
p applications applications p
e e
r r
TCP TCP a
a
t t
i IP IP i
n n
Network Network g
g Access 1 ROUTER Access 2
sys sys
IP
NAP1 NAP2 subnet
subnetwork
1 2
34. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP....
OPERATIONS..
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢A Network Access Protocol like
the Token ring is used to connect
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
a computer to the subnetwork.
¢The Protocol enables the Host to
TCP/IP TCP/IPthe subnetwork,
send data acros TCP/IP TCP
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
to a Router.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
35. TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IP...
operation ....
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IP
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢IP is implemented in all of the
end systems and the Routers.
TCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/IPTCP/I
¢It acts as a Relay to move a block
TCP/IPdatamore routers, tothrough
of TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
one or
from one Host,
another
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP
Host.
TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP/IP TCP