present subjunctive

1. El presente del
Subjuntivo

2. The Indicative
Up to now you have been
using verbs in the
indicative mood, which is
used to talk about facts or
actual events.

3. The Indicative
Aprendo francés para mi
viaje.

4. The Subjunctive
Spanish has another way
of using verbs called the
subjunctive mood.

5. The Subjunctive
We use it to say what one
person does or doesn’t
want, tell, suggest, or
recommend someone else
to do.

6. When to Use:
W – Wishes, Wants
E – Emotions, feelings, thoughts
I – Impersonal Expressions
R – Requests, Recommendations
D – Doubt, Denial, Disagreement
O – Ojalá (I hope to God)

7. The Subjunctive
A sentence that includes
the subjunctive form has
two parts connected by the
word que.
For example:

8. The Subjunctive
Quiero que tú respires
lentamente.
I want you to breathe
slowly.

9. The Subjunctive
Sugiero que bebas agua
antes de correr.
I suggest that you drink
water before running.

10. The Subjunctive
El entrenador exige que
los atletas estiren los
músculos.
The trainer demands that
the athletes stretch their
muscles.

11. The Subjunctive
You can also suggest more
general or impersonal ideas
using expressions such as es
necesario…es bueno…and es
importante…, followed by que
and a form of the present
subjunctive.

12. The Subjunctive
Es necesario que hagas ejercicio.
It’s necessary that you do exercise.
Es importante que los jóvenes
coman bien.
It’s important that the young people
eat well.

13. The Subjunctive
Note that the subjunctive
sentences have two parts,
each with a different
subject, connected by the
word que:

14. 2 Clauses
Ella sugiere que yo aprenda francés
Independent
clause
(stands on its
own)
Subject > Verb
Separated
by the
word
“que”
Dependent clause (can’t
stand on its own)
Begins with the word
“que.”
Indicative
Verb
Subjunctive
Verb

15. The Subjunctive
The first subject uses the
present indicative verb
(recommendation, suggestion,
prohibition, and so on) + que
and the second subject uses the
present subjunctive verb (what
should happen).

16. The Subjunctive
Verbs that are often follewed by
que + subjunctive:
Insistir en
Necesitar
Permitir
Preferir (e > ie)
Prohibir
Querer (e > ie)
Recomendar (e > ie)
Sugerir (e > ie)

17. The Subjunctive
We form the present
subjunctive of most verbs
the same way we form
negative tú commands.

18. The Subjunctive
We drop the -o of the
present-tense indicative yo
form and add the
subjunctive endings.

19. The Subjunctive
For -ar verbs:
e, es, e, emos, éis, en
For -er/-ir verbs:
a, as, a, amos, áis, an

20. SALTAR – to jump
salte
saltes
salte
saltemos
saltéis
salten

21. CONOCER – to know
conozca
conozcas
conozca
conozcamos
conozcáis
conozcan

22. DECIR – to say/tell
diga
digas
diga
digamos
digáis
digan

23. The Subjunctive
The present subjunctive has
the same spelling changes
and irregular yo form
changes used with the
negative tú commands.

24. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
As in negative commands,
irregular verbs that add a
“g” to the stem in the
present-tense yo form also
have a “g” in the present
subjunctive.

25. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
caerse
decir
hacer
poner
salir
tener
traer

26. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
hacer hag-o haga
tener teng-o tenga

27. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
Also verbs ending in –car,
-gar, and –zar have a spell
change in order to
maintain the original
sound.

28. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
buscar busco busque
pagar pago pague
cruzar cruzo cruce

29. Irregular Subjunctive Verbs
D – Dar (Dé, des, dé, demos deis den)
I – IR (vaya, vayas vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan)
S – Ser (Sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean)
H – Haber (haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayáis, hayan)
E – Estar (esté, estés, esté, estemos, estéis, estén)
S – Saber (sepa, sepas, sepa, sepamos, sepáis, sepan)

30. PRACTICE
1. Es necesario que tú __ (hacer) la
tarea.
2. Yo dudo que ella ___ (ir) a esa fiesta.
3. Mi madre quiere que yo _______
(sacar) buenas notas.
4. Es cierto que el profesor _____ (saber)
mucho.
5. Yo no creo que tú me ______ (ayudar).

31. PRACTICE
6. Es importante que nosotros _______ (dormir)
ocho horas por noche.
7. El profesor duda que Uds. ____(prestar)
atención.
8. Te ruego (to beg) que_______ (comer) tus
verduras.
9. Espero que Uds. _______ (estar) alegres.
10. Mi madre no duda que nosotros _________
(llegar) tarde a la casa.