Ugly is Fransely

1. GRAMMER BOOK
SPANISH HONORS 3
by Fransely Rivera

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Slide 3............................................................................................ Prederite
Slide 4.............................................................................................Imperfect
Slide 5.............................................................................................Prederite vs Imperfect
Slide 6............................................................................................Constructions with Se
Slide 7.............................................................................................Adverbs
slide 8..............................................................................................Commands
Slide 9.............................................................................................Objective Pronoun Placement
Slide 10............................................................................................ Por vs Para
Slide11..............................................................................................Stressed Possessive Adjectives and Pronouns
Slide 12…………………………………………………………………………………Present Subjunctive
Slide 13………………………………………………………………………………….Subjunctive with verbs of will and influence

3. PRETERITE The Preterite tense is only one of several past tenses used in Spanish and it is used to describe
actions completed at one point in the past or that lasted a specific amount of time in the past and
are now completed. The preterit is not used to describe habitual or continuous actions in the past
with no specific ending or beginning.
Cucaracha
Verbs
You can take the “I” off in
the 3rd person singular.
The nosotros forms for –ar and –ir verbs are the same in both preterite and
-Car yo -qué
-Gar yo -gué
-Zar yo -cé
-e -imos
-iste -isteis
-o -ieron
Andar Anduve
-
Estar Estuve-
Poder Pud-
Poner Pus-
Saber Sup-
Tener Tuv-
Venir Vin-
Traducir Traduj-
Decir Dij-
Producir Produj-
Traer Traj-
Conducir Conduj-
Snake
Dormir
Dormiste
Dormio
Dormimos
Durmieron
Stem
Changers
Y
changers
Snakey
Leer
Lei
Leiste
Leyo
Leimos
Leyeron
Three regular preterite verb forms together
present tenses: Hablamos, Vimos.
Dar (give) & Ver (see)
Di Dimos
Vi Vimos
Diste
Viste
Dio Dieron
Vio Vieron
Ir (go) & Ser (be)
Fui Fuimos
Fuiste
Fue Fueron
Hacer (do/make)
Hice Hacimos
Hiciste
Hizo Hiecieron
Spock
Hablar Comer Vivir
Hablé Comí Vivir
Hablaste Comiste Viví
Habló Comió Viviste
Habamos Comimos Vivió
Hablasteis Comisteis Vivimos
Habaron Comieron Vivieron

4. IMPERFECT
-AR Verbs -ER and –IR Verbs
-aba -ábamos -ía -íamos
-abas -abias -ías -íais
-aba -aban -ían -ían
 The imperfect is used for past
actions that are not seen as
completed.
 There is no definite beginning or
end to the past action.
 Used for actions that’s are
repeated habitually
 used for telling time and
someone’s age
-ar Verbs in the imperfect are
conjugated by dropping the
ending (-ar) and adding one of
the above.
Ser Ir Ver
Era éramos Iba ibamos Veía Veíamos
Eras Erais Ibas ibais Veías Veíais
Era Eran Iba iban Veía Veían
-er and –ir verbs are
conjugated by dropping the
ending (-er or –ir) and add
on of the above.

5. Preterite Imperfect
Completed Action Habitual or repetitive
actions
How long it occurred Characteristic or
condition
Interrupted Action It’s progressive
(ing’s)
Took place at a
certain time
Beginning of an
event or emotion
To narrate a
sequence of events
Preterite vs. Imperfect
 They both refer to past actions
 Preterite- used for actions in the past that
have been seen as completed. (specific)
 Imperfect- used when an action does
not have definite beginning or
definite end. (general)
Preterite Imperfect
Ayer Varias veces
Anoche De vez en cuando
La semana pasada Siempre
El año pasado A veces
El otro dia A menudo
El mes pasado Muchas veces
Entonces Cada dia
Este mañana Generalmente
Ayer por la mañana Todo el tiempo

6. CONSTRUCTIONS
WITH SE
To form
impersonal
constructions,
verbs that are not
reflexive can be
used with se.
 Se can be used to
de-emphasize the
person completing
the action.
Se Habla español en este merquado.
"Spanish is spoken at this
market."
Se necesita agua en
seguida.
"They need water right
away."
Third person singular
verb form is used with
singular nouns.
The third person
plural form is used
with plural nouns.
Se vende sopa.
"It sells soup."
Se venden globos.
"They sell balloons."
Impersonal se is
often seen in signs,
advertisement, and
directions.
Se also describes
accidental or
unplanned events.
Se habla ingles.
" English is spoken."
Se te cayo la taza.
'"you dropped the cup."

7. ADVERBS
Words that describe, or modify, verbs, adjectives or other adverbs.
Adverbs in Spanish are created by adding -mente
to the feminine singular form of the adjective,
When two adverbs modify the same verb
only the second one uses the –mente
ending
First adverb is the same as
the feminine singular form
of the adjective.
-mente is the
equivalence as the
ending –ly in English.
Adjective Fem. Form Adverb
Rapido Rapida Rapidamente
Lento Lenta Lentamente
Dificil Dificil Dificilmente
Note: Adverbs
retains adjectives
with written accents
El autor escribió rápida y fácilmente.
The author wrote quickly and easily.

8. COMMANDS
Commands are used when stating something
that is imperative, ordering, or telling someone
to go do something. (a.k.a. the Imperative form
of the verb.)
• Spanish has both a
formal and an
informal style of
speech (tu/Ud.)
Compre Ud. la comida
Buy the food. (formal)
Compra tu la camara.
Buy the camera. (familiar)
Formal
speech is
usually used
to be polite
or to be
respectful.
Informal, or familiar is
used when speaking to
friends, coworkers,
relatives or children.
Nosotros
Commands
 You are saying “Let’s”
 neg. nosotros must use
regular subjunctive form
 ex. Vamos a cantar.
NEGATIVE: No le compremos el
stereo.
POSITIVE: Pongamos la cerca del
sofa.
Dar
Ir
Ser
Haber
Estar
Saber
Negative tú
commands
Irregular verbs
with command
forms as they
are in the
subjunctive.
Negative tú
commands
end in –s
No lo hagas!
Affirmative tú
commands
DON’T end in -s
Ven aquí!
Affirmative
tú commads

9. OBJECTIVE PRONOUN
PLACEMENT
Direct Object Placement
-In affirmative sentences the direct object
pronoun comes before the verb.
-For infinitives and present participles you
can either attatch the DO to the end of the
infinitive or place it infront of the
conjugated verb.
Examples
Voy a hacerla mañana.
La voy a hacer manana.
- Attatch DO pronouns to the end of
affirmative commands
- for negative commands, always
place the pronouns between a
negative word and the verb.
For both DOs and
IOs, an accent
change is
necessary to keep
the stressed vowel
in the proper
place.
Indirect Objects follow
the same placement
rules as direct objects.
Examples
• No le dá la
pelota.
• Le voy a contar
un secreto.

10. POR VS PARA
 Destination (toward, in the
direction of)
 deadline or specific time
 purpose or goal
 recipient
 comparison (considering)
 employment or job
 opinion
 Motion or general location
 duration of an action
 means by which something
is done
 support (in sport of, in
favor of)
 object of search
 reason or cause of action
(because of, on account of)
 exchange or substitution
 unit of measure
 Passive voice (by)
Necesito cuaenta
dólares para
comprar las
botas.
Para shows
the purpose
or goal of
borrowing
the $40
Compré las botas
por cuartenta
dólares.
Por demonstrates
the amount or unit
of measure in
money spent.

11. STRESSED POSSESSIVE
ADJECTIVES AND PRONOUNS
Mi/Mis – my
tu/ tus- your (informal)
Su/ sus- his, her, your
(formal)
Nuestro/ nuestros/
nuestra/ nuestras (our)
• vuesto/
vuestros/vuestro/vuestr
as your (plural)
• su/ sus their, your
(plural)
Possessive Adjectives
Mío/ míos/ mía/ mías (my, of mine)
Tuyo/ tuyos/tuya/tuyas-
YOUR(informal)
Of yours (formal)
Suyo/ suyos/suya/suyas
HIS/of his
HER/of her
Your (inform.)
Of yours (formal)
Nuestro/ nuestros/nuestra/nuestras
(OUR/ of ours.)
*vuestro/ vuestros/ vuestra/ vuestras
YOUR (plural) of yours (plural)
suyo/suyos/suya/suyas
THEIR/ of theirs
YOUR (plural)
Of yours ( singular)
Stressed Possessive Adjectives
Pronouns
My- mi
Your- tu
His/her- su
Your- su
Our- nuestro
Your- vuestro
Their- su
Your- su

12. PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE
Present subjunctive describes the subjective
or hypothetical actions or events.
You can use the subjunctive in
situations in the acronym “ weird”
W=Wishes, will
I=Emotions
E=Impersonal expressions
R=Recommendations
D=Doubt, Desire, Denial
To form a subjunctive you start
with the yo form of the present
indicative, then drop the –o
ending. Then you can add either
an –ar , -er, or –ir verbs.
ex. Como – o = com
com+a= coma
com+as=comas
com+a=coma
com+amos=comamos
com+ais= comias
com+an=coman
Subjunctive mood is used whenever the
speaker feels any uncertainty about the
action of the sentence. It is also used when
the speaker is expressing an opinion.

13. SUBJUNCTIVE WITH
VERBS OF WILL AND
INFLUENCE
The infinitive is used with words or
expressions of will and influence, if
there is no change of subject in th
sentence.
No quiero sacudir los muebles.
Poco prefiere descasnsar.
Es importante sacar la basura.
Often used
with
indirect
obejct
pronouns. Aconsejar Preferir
Desear Prohibir
Importar Querer
Insistir (en) Recomendar
Mandar Rogar
Necesitar Sugerir
Pedir

14. Work Cited
Pastey Man/ VHL
Señiora Linares Smart board Examples
 http://www.studyspanish.com/tutorial.htm
 youtube
 worksheets
 http://www.spanishdict.com/topics/show/64
https://conjuguemos.com/chart.php?language=spanish&id=11&etre=no&
commands=no&source=public&all=no
 Quizlet