This document provides information about jet propulsion and different types of jet engines. It discusses the history of jet engines beginning with designs from ancient Egypt. The key components of a basic jet engine are described including the fan, compressor, combustor, turbine, mixer, and nozzle. Jet engines work by sucking in air, compressing it, adding fuel, combusting the mixture, and expelling the hot gases through a nozzle to produce thrust. The main types of jet engines are then outlined - ramjet, turbojet, turbofan, turboprop, and turboshaft - along with brief descriptions of each.

1. JET PROPULSION
Presented by: Thorat Sandip Pandurang
Class:Third Year Mechanical engineering
Div: B , Roll No:54
1

2. Contents
• History
• Introduction
• Major components
• Working
• Types of Jet engines
• Applications
2

3. 3
• The first jet engine was built by Egyptian
scientists during 100 B.C
• This device was known as Aeolipile.
• It is also called as the Hero’s Engine or gas
turbine.

4. 4
• Jet engine is nothing but a Gas turbine.
• It works under the principle of Newton’s third law
• It states that “For every acting force there is an equal and
opposite force”
• Gas turbine operates like toy balloon
Introduction

5. 5
Parts Of Jet Engine
 FAN
 COMPRESSOR
 COMBUSTOR
 TURBINE
 MIXER
 NOZZLE

6. 6
How A Jet Engine Works ?
• Jet engines move the airplane forward with a great force that is produced
by a tremendous thrust and causes the plane to fly very fast.

7. 7
How A Jet Engine Works ?
Air Intake
 Sucked in by the compressor
Compressor
 Series of vanes and stators
 The vanes rotate, while the stator
remains stationary
 Compressor speed and
temperature increases gradually

8. 8
How A Jet Engine Works ?
Fuel Burner
 Fuel is mixed with the air, and
electric sparks light the air,
causing it to combust
Combustion Chamber
 The air is burnt
 Increase in the temperature of
the air, thus increases the
pressure inside the engine

9. 9
How A Jet Engine Works ?
Turbine
 Works like a windmill
 The blades gain energy from the hot
gases moving past them
 This movement is used to power the
compressor
Jet Pipe and Propelling Nozzle
 The hot air rushes out of the nozzle
 High pressure
 Hot air rushes out at very high speed

10. 10
Types Of Jet Engines
• Ramjet
• Turbojet
• Turbofan
• Turboprop
• Turbo shaft

11. 11
Ramjet
• It has no moving parts
• Its compression ratio depends on
forward speed
• It has no static thrust
• Guided-missile systems, Space
vehicles use this type of jet

12. 12
Turbojet
• The turbojet engine is a reaction
engine
• Substantial increases in thrust can be
obtained by employing an afterburner

13. 13
Turbofan • The objective of this sort of bypass system is to increase thrust
without increasing fuel consumption.
• It achieves this by increasing the total air-mass flow and
reducing the velocity within the same total energy supply.
• 75% of thrust is produced by the fan.

14. 14
A Turbofan Aircraft Engine:

15. 15
Turboprop
• A turboprop engine is a jet engine attached to a propeller.
• Modern turboprop engines are equipped with propellers that
have a smaller diameter but a larger number of blades for
efficient operation at much higher flight speeds

16. 16
Turboshaft • It does not drive a propeller
• It provides power for a helicopter rotor
• It permits the rotor speed to be kept constant
even when the speed of the generator is varied

17. 17

18. 18
Any questions?
THANK YOU