Herbal hypolipidemic drugs

Dr. Rahul Kaushik
Assistant Professor
Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational &
Technical Education, Greater Noida
Email: rahulkcsji@gmail.com
HERBAL HYPOLIPIDEMIC DRUGS
Dr. Rahul Kaushik (Email:
rahulkcsji@gmail.com)

 Definition:
Hypolipidemia is a condition where the levels of cholesterol and
triglycerides are too low in the body. Typically, no symptoms are
associated with low cholesterol levels. So this finding is usually
discovered during a routine cholesterol screening.
 An individual is considered to have hypolipidemia if his total
cholesterol levels are below 120 mg/dL and LDL cholesterol levels
(also known as “bad” cholesterol) below 50 mg/dL without the
use of cholesterol-lowering medications. There are many causes of
low cholesterol levels, including certain heath conditions and
inherited conditions.
INTRODUCTION

LIPIDS, including CHOLESTEROL (CHO) and TRIGLYCERIDES (TG), are
transported in the plasma as lipoproteins, of which there are four classes:
- Chylomicrons Transport TG and CHO from the GIT to the tissues, where
they are split by lipase, releasing free fatty acids.There are taken up in
muscle and adipose tissue. Chylomicron remnants are taken up in the
liver.
- Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), which transport CHO and newly
synthetised TG to the tissues, where TGs are removed as before, leaving:
- Low density lipoproteins (LDL) with a large component of CHO, some of
which is taken up by the tissues and some by the liver, by endocytosis via
specific LDL receptors.
- High density lipoproteins (HDL) which absorb CHO derived from cell
breakdown in tissues and transfer it to VLDL and LDL.
Atherosclerosis and lipoprotein metabolism

There are two different pathways for exogenous and
endogenous lipids:
THE EXOGENOUS PATHWAY: CHO + TG absorbed
from the GIT are transported in the lymph and than
in the plasma as CHYLOMICRONS to capillaries in
muscle and adipose tissues. Here the core TRIGL are
hydrolysed by lipoprotein lipase, and the tissues take
up the resulting FREE FATTY ACIDS.
CHO is liberated within the liver cells and may be
stored, oxidised to bile aids or secreted in the bile
unaltered .
Alternatively it may enter the endogenous pathway of
lipid transport in VLDL.

Atherosclerosis and lipoprotein
metabolism
CHO
may be
stored
oxidised
to
bile acids
secreted
in
the bile
unaltered
ENDOGENOUS
PATHWAY
EXOGENOUS
PATHWAY

HEPATOCYTE
EXOGENOU
S
PATHWAY
for lipid
(According to Rang, Dale
1999)
CHO Bile
duct
v.porta
e
GI
T
bile
acids
ENDOGENOUS
PATHWAY for
lipids
EXOGENOUS
PATHWAY for
lipids
chylomicr
T
G
CHO
chylomicr
remn
bile acids
CHO
Fig.1
a
Peripheral
tissues
ENDOGENOUS
PARTHWAY
Fat
+ CHO
+ fatty acids
HEPATOCYTE
CH
O
TG
Fatty acids
(According to Rang, Dale
1999)
CHO
Bile duct
Portal vein
GIT
bile acids
ENDOGENOUS
PATHWAY for
lipids
EXOGENOUS
PATHWAY for
lipids
chylomicrons
TGCHO
Chylomicron
remnant
bile acids CHO
Peripheral
tissues
ENDOGENOUS
PARTHWAY
Fat
+ CHO
+ fatty acids
HEPATOCYTE
CHO
TG
Fatty acids

THE ENDOGENOUS PATHWAY:
CHO and newly synthetised TG are transported from the liver as VLDL
to muscle and adipose tissue. There TG are hydrolysed and the
resulting FATTY ACIDS enter the tissues.
The lipoprotein particles become smaller and ultimetaly become LDL ,
which provides the source of CHO for incorporation into cell
membranes, for synthesis of steroids, and bile acids.
Cells take up LDL by endocytosis via LDL receptors that recognise LDL apolipoproteins .
CHO can return to plasma from the tissues in HDL particles and the
resulting cholesteryl esters are subsequently transferred to VLDL or
LDL .
One species of LDL – lipoprotein - is associated with atherosclerosis
(localised in atherosclerotic lesions). LDL can also activate platelets,
constituting a further thrombogenic effect .

(According to Rang, Dale 1999)
CHO
Bile duct
Portal vein
GIT
bile acids
ENDOGENOUS
PATHWAY for lipids
EXOGENOUS
PATHWAY for lipids
bile acids
CHO
Fig.1b
Peripheral tissues
HEPATOCYTE
LDL
receptors
VLDL
TG CHO
lipase
CHO
CHO
CHO
LDLHDL
CHO
Uptake
of CHO
Fatty
acids
CHO
from
cells
CHO

Statins Resins
Fibrates Others
CLASSIFICATION HYPOLIPIDEMIC DRUGS

STATINS: Simvastatin
Pravastatin
Atorvastatin
FIBRATES: Fenofibrate
Gemfibrate
Clofibrate
Ciprofibrate
RESINS: Cloestyramin
Cloestipol
OTHERS: Nicotinic acidDr. Rahul Kaushik (Email:

(According to Rang, Dale 1999)
CHO
Bile duct
v.portae
GIT
bile acids
ENDOGENOUS
PATHWAY for lipids
EXOGENOUS
PATHWAY for lipids
bile acids
CHO
MOA OF DRUGS
Peripheral tissues
fat
+ CHO
+ fatty
acids
HEPATOCYTE
ACoA
MVA
LDL
receptors
VLDL
TG CHO
lipase
CHO
CHO
CHO
LDL
HDL
CHO
Uptake
of CHO
Fatty
acids
Fatty
acids
CHO
from
cells
Chylomikr
TG CHO
GIT
Chylomikr remn
CHO TG
STATINS
STATINS
FIBRATES
FIBRATES
FIBRATES
RESINS

Botanical Name : Terminalia arjuna
Family: Combretaceae
Common Name : Arjun
Part Used : Bark.
Habitat :
Common in Indian peninsula and
grows in the side streams and very
common in chotta nagpur region.
Chemical constituents :
Triterpenoid,saponin,arjunolic acid,
arjunic acid,arjunogenin,ellagic acid,
crytallisable compunds are arjunine
and arjunetine,flavonoids are
arjunetin, arjunolone and arjunone.
Use :
Hypolipidemic, cardiotonic, styptic,
febrifugal ,antidysenteric, diuretic and
decreases heart rate.
ARJUNA BARK
Arjunic acid
HERBAL DRUGS USE IN HYPOLIPIDEMIC

Botanical Name :Allium sativum
Family :Liliaceae
Common Name : Lasuna ,garlic
Part Used : Bulbs.
Allylpropyldisuphide,diallyldisulphide
alliin.and,allicin. Allinlyase converts
alliin to allicin.
.
Uses :
Hyperlipidemic,carminative,Reduction
and inhibition of lipogenesis, enhances
break down and excretion of lipids,
increases HDL and reduces LDL. It
reduces cholestrol so used in treatment
of atheroslerosis ,as an antibiotics
against M.tuberculosis and as an
antioxidants.
 Structure of Allicin
Structure of Alliin

Botanical Name : Aegle marvelous
Family : Rutaceae
Common Name : Beal fruits.
Part Used : Fruits.
Habitat :
It is indigenous to India and found in myanmar
and SriLanka.
Chemical constituents: Marmelosin(0.5%)
(furocumarin), marmesin ,proralin,
Umbelliferone, which are Coumarins. vitA
,vitB , two alkaloides O-metheylhalfordinol
and isopentylhalfordinol .
Use: Hypolipidemic, digestive, appetizer ,used
in diarrhoea and dyasentery, and as tonic.

Botanical Name : Carum copticum
Family : Umbelliferae
Common Name : Ajowan
Part Used : Fruits.
Habitat : Cultivated in Iraq, Iran and India
and it is said to be native of Egypt.
The essential oil(2.5 to 5% in the dried fruits)
in which maximum is thymol (35 to 60%);
α-pinene, p-cymene(50-55%) , limonene and
γ-terpinene(30-35).
Use :
Hypolipidemic,Carminative, antispasmodic,
stimulant, in sore throat and bronchitis,
used as an antiseptic, antifungal,toothpastes
, insecticide and as an antihelminthetic.
Carum copticum
ThymolDr. Rahul Kaushik (Email:

Botanical Name :Capparis spinosa
Family : Capparidaceae
Common Name : Cabra
Part Used : Cortex , leaves.
Habitat :
Found in WestAsia,Europe,India .
In cortex and leaves - Stachydrine,
3-hydroxystachydrine;
In root- Glucobrassicin ,4-methoxyglucobrassicin;
In flowerbuds- thiocyanates,isothiocynates.
Uses :
Hypolipidemic,Rheumatism,Dropsy Gouty
affection .
CABRA

Botanical Name : Allium cepa
Family : Liliaceae
Common Name : Onion
Part Used : Bulbs
Diallyldisulphide oxide and
allylpropyldisulphides.
Use :
Hypolipidemic, Diuretics,
Expectorant,poultice,hypoglycae
mic, antibiotic and as
hypotensive.
Allium cepa
Structure of Diallyl Disulphide

Botanical Name : Capsicun annum
Family :Solanaceae
Common Name : Chillies
Part Used : Fruits.
Habitat :
Found in all tropical countries.
Chemical constituents
Capsaicin(0.5-0.9%); capsanthin ,
thiamine and ascorbic acid.
Uses :
Hypolipidemic, as carminative,
appetizer ,stomachic ,Rheumatism,
Lumbago and in neuralgia.
CAPSICUM ANNUM
Capsaicin

Botanical Name :
Musa acuminata colla.
Family: Musaceae
Common Name : Kela, Banana.
Part Used : Fruits, stem,roots and
flower.
constituents :
Contains 8-amino-acids, good source
of fiber, potassium ,vitC and starch.
Use :
Hypolipidemic,nutritious, and an acidity.
Musa acuminata colla

 Herbs
 Botanical Name : Commiphora wightii
 Common Name : Indian Bdellium / Guggul
 Indian Name : Guggulu
 Shuddha Guggulu or Commiphora wightii is useful in
cholesterol and weight management. Guggulipid in
Guggulu helps in rducing cholesterol
 Shuddha Guggulu helps to regulate the lipid
metabolism and thereby helps in weight
management. It modulates lipid profile.
Indications
 Hyperlipidemia (Increased cholesterol level in the
blood)
 Arthritis (inflammatory condition of joints)
 Atherosclerosis (Clogging or Hardening of blood
vessels)
 Weight management
 Dose
1 capsule twice a day after meals.
Marketed prepration for hypolipidemics
(Shuddha guggulu)

 Himalaya Lasuna has a hypolipidemic activity
that ensures smooth coronary function.
Decrease High Cholesterol level and is best to
maintain a healthy Heart. Avoids cholesterol
deposition on coronary artery walls.
 Garlic or Lasuna, is a potent herb helpful
in fighting hypercholesterolemia.
 Size / Quantity : 60 Capsules (1bottles)
 Indications :
1. Dyspepsia.
2. Blockage in Heart due to high Cholesterol
levels.
3. Flatulence.
4. Increased levels of cholesterol in blood.
 Dosage : 1 capsule twice a day after Breakfast
and Dinner.
Lasuna

 Karela also know as bitter melon or
bitter gourd is very good home
remedy for diabetes and
hypopidemic. It is fantastic herb that
regulates your blood sugar level.
 Size / quantity :
60 capsules (1 bottles)
 DOSAGE AND MODE OF
ADMINISTRATION:
Have 1 capsule twice a day after meals.
Karela

 Mandukaparni(Brahmi) improves
Memory, Mental Alertness, General
Debility, improves blood circulation to
the brain, Helps as an Adaptogen,
Provides calming effects, Very best
for Elderly Individuals.
 Size / Quantity :
60 Capsules (1bottles)
 Indications :
1. Depression
2. Insomnia
3. Problems of memory
4. Mental concentration
5. Tension
 Dosage :
1 capsule twice a day before
Breakfast and Dinner
Mandukaparni

 Manjishtha(Rubia Cordifolia)
maintains Skin Health, fights all
types of Skin Disorders and has
Anti-bacterial and Diuretic
properties.
 Size / Quantity :
60Capsules (1bottles)
 Indications :
1. All types of Skin disorders.
2. Rheumatism
3. Recurrent Urinary Tract
infections.
 Dosage :
1 capsule twice a day after
Breakfast and Dinner.
Manjishtha

HYPOLIPIDEMIC DRUGS FROM NATURAL ORIGIN
Sl.No Name of Plant Family Common/ Indian vernacular names Plant parts
1 Aegle marmelos Rutaceae Beal fruit, bilwa Fruits
2 Agave Veracruz Amaryllidaceae American aloe, barakhawar Roots, leaves,
gum
3 Allium cepa Lilliaceae Onion, piyaj, palandu Bulbs
4 Aloe barbadensis Lilliaceae Ghee kumar, gwarpatha Leaves
5 Bambusa arundunacea Graminae Bamboo vamsha Leaves
6 Bosswellia serrata Burserraceae Salai guggal Gum
7 Brassicavercapitata Cruciferae Cabbage Oil
8 Cajanus cajan Fabaceae Red gram Seeds
9 Capparis decidua Capparaceae Karli, tint Leaves, fruits
and stems
10 Capsicum frutescens Solanaceae Chillies Fruits
11 Carum capaticum Umbelliferae Jowan, ajowan Fruits, roots
12 Celastrus paniculatus Celastraceae Khunjri, kusur Seed oil, barks,
roots and fruits
13 Curcuma amada Zingiberaceae Mango ginger, haridra Rhizomes
14 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Leguminosae Guar, gwar Seeds
15 Emblica officinalis Euphorbiaceae Amla, amlki Dried fruits,
Seeds, leaves
16 Eugenia cumini Myrtaceae Jamun Seeds
17 Inula racemosa Compositae Puskarmul Roots
18 Juglans regia Juglandaceae Walnut, akhrot Kernel, oil
19 Medicago sativum Papilionaceae Alfalfa Seeds
20 Momordica charantia Cucurbitaceae Bitterground, Fruits
21 Musa saspientum Musaceae Banana, kela Roots, Stems,
Flowers, Fruits
Plants with hypolipidaemic activity

Herbal hypolipidemic drugs

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