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How To Prevent Heart Disease & Stroke

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Richard Saint Cyr MD
Richard Saint Cyr MD

Practical information from a family doctor on what you can do -- without medicines -- to prevent the most common killers in the world, heart attacks and strokes.

Health & Medicine
1 of 68
How To Prevent Heart Disease & Stroke Richard Saint Cyr, MD DABFP
What Is #1 Cause Of Death in China? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What Is #1 Cause Of Death in China? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Deaths in China Since 1982 A: Urban B: Rural
Heart Disease ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cholesterol Plaque = Heart Attack & Stroke
You Can Control Your Risk! ,[object Object]
How Can You Prevent It? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How Good Is Prevention? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lifestyle Factors & Survival Data from Paffenberger, RS Jr, Hyde, RT, Wing, AL, et al, N Engl J Med 1993; 328:538
Our Patient: John Doe
Joe’s Stats ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
First, Let’s Assess Joe’s Cardiovascular Risk ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sample Report
Closer Look: Graph
Closer Look: The Report
Joe’s Report ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Joe’s Heart Is Too Old ,[object Object],[object Object]
Yikes! 怎么办？ ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Prevention Tip #1: Control High Blood Pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What Is Blood Pressure?   © 1996 Wellsource, Inc.
High Blood Pressure Can…
How Effective Is Control of Blood Pressure? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Get Checked! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How To Prevent Hypertension ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Joe Needs To Lose Weight ,[object Object],[object Object]
Weight Gain = Disease… PS. “Cholelithiasis” = gallstones Source: uptodate.com 
Weight Loss = Lower Blood Pressure Source: uptodate.com 
Do You Know Your BMI? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Are You an Apple or Pear? “ Apples” are at higher risk for heart attack, stroke, diabetes, high blood pressure
“ Apple” Fat Is Worst Risk ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Risk Factor Chart *     Disease risk for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and CVD. +     Increased waist circumference can also be a marker for increased risk even in persons of normal weight. Extremely High Extremely High III 40.0 + Extreme Obesity Very High Very High II 35.0 – 39.9 Very High High I 30.0 – 34.9 Obesity High Increased 25.0 – 29.9 Overweight - - 18.5 – 24.9 Normal - - < 18.5 Underweight Men > 102 cm (40 in) Women > 88 cm (35 in) Men 102 cm (40 in) or less Women 88 cm (35 in) or less Obesity Class BMI (kg/m 2 ) Disease Risk* Relative to Normal Weight and Waist Circumference
Joe’s BMI Category? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Joe Needs To Lose 23kg ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How To Prevent Hypertension: Step 2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Exercise: How Much Is Enough? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How Does It Help Your Heart? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Any Exercise Helps Your Heart Coronary events are less frequent among those who exercise. In a study of 5159 men, aged 40 to 49 years, followed for an average of almost 19 years, the age-adjusted coronary heart disease event rate per 1000 person-years is lower in those who perform any physical activity compared to inactive subjects.  Data from Wannamethee, SG, Shaper, AG, Alberti, KG, Arch Intern Med 2000; 160:2108.
How To Prevent Hypertension: Step 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Low Salt = Low Blood Pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Image: mayoclinic.com
Read The Labels! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Change Diet = Avoid Pills Data from Stamler, R, Stamler, J, Grimm, R, et al, JAMA 1987; 257:1484. Intervention: weight loss, salt restriction, and avoidance of excess alcohol (squares)
The Ideal Diet: Each Day… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
One Serving = Source: http://www.wellcome.com.hk/en/kids_corner.html
Fruits & Vegetables ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fiber is Important ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fats: Bad vs Good ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fish is Good! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How To Prevent Hypertension: Step 4 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How much is “moderate?” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How Much Is “One Drink”? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
“ Moderate” Is Important! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Asses Your Risks vs. Benefits ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Joe’s Other Lifestyle Choices: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cholesterol = Atherosclerosis
Prevention Tip: Lower cholesterol ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How To Lower Your Cholesterol ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Joe’s #3 Prevention Step: Stop Smoking ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How To Stop Smoking ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
It’s Never Too Late To Quit ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Joe’s Action Plan ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Back To Joe, 6 Months Later ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
His New Profile: Much Better ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Still A Bit To Go…
His Next 6 Month Plan? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Summary ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Always Remember… ,[object Object]
Thank You! More Information at MyHealth Beijing .com

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How To Prevent Heart Disease & Stroke

  • 1. How To Prevent Heart Disease & Stroke Richard Saint Cyr, MD DABFP
  • 2.
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  • 4. Deaths in China Since 1982 A: Urban B: Rural
  • 5.
  • 6. Cholesterol Plaque = Heart Attack & Stroke
  • 7.
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  • 10. Lifestyle Factors & Survival Data from Paffenberger, RS Jr, Hyde, RT, Wing, AL, et al, N Engl J Med 1993; 328:538
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  • 21. What Is Blood Pressure?   © 1996 Wellsource, Inc.
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  • 27. Weight Gain = Disease… PS. “Cholelithiasis” = gallstones Source: uptodate.com 
  • 28. Weight Loss = Lower Blood Pressure Source: uptodate.com 
  • 29.
  • 30. Are You an Apple or Pear? “ Apples” are at higher risk for heart attack, stroke, diabetes, high blood pressure
  • 31.
  • 32. Risk Factor Chart *     Disease risk for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and CVD. +     Increased waist circumference can also be a marker for increased risk even in persons of normal weight. Extremely High Extremely High III 40.0 + Extreme Obesity Very High Very High II 35.0 – 39.9 Very High High I 30.0 – 34.9 Obesity High Increased 25.0 – 29.9 Overweight - - 18.5 – 24.9 Normal - - < 18.5 Underweight Men > 102 cm (40 in) Women > 88 cm (35 in) Men 102 cm (40 in) or less Women 88 cm (35 in) or less Obesity Class BMI (kg/m 2 ) Disease Risk* Relative to Normal Weight and Waist Circumference
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  • 38. Any Exercise Helps Your Heart Coronary events are less frequent among those who exercise. In a study of 5159 men, aged 40 to 49 years, followed for an average of almost 19 years, the age-adjusted coronary heart disease event rate per 1000 person-years is lower in those who perform any physical activity compared to inactive subjects.  Data from Wannamethee, SG, Shaper, AG, Alberti, KG, Arch Intern Med 2000; 160:2108.
  • 39.
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  • 41.
  • 42. Change Diet = Avoid Pills Data from Stamler, R, Stamler, J, Grimm, R, et al, JAMA 1987; 257:1484. Intervention: weight loss, salt restriction, and avoidance of excess alcohol (squares)
  • 43.
  • 44. One Serving = Source: http://www.wellcome.com.hk/en/kids_corner.html
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  • 64. Still A Bit To Go…
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  • 68. Thank You! More Information at MyHealth Beijing .com