The Picture Exchange Communication System

The Picture Exchange Communication System
Children with Autism often have limited communication skills and rely on alternative
communication methods to interact (Ganz, Parker & Benson, 2008). The Picture Exchange
Communication System (PECS) uses a series of pictures to facilitate communication for individuals
with Autism. Ganz, Parker, and Benson conducted a study to observe the effects of PECS on
maladaptive behaviors frequently displayed by children with Autism. These behaviors include
tantrums, biting, self–harm, and running away. This article review will discuss their methodology,
results, limitations and possible clinical implications to be considered by speech–language
pathologists (SLPs).
The study observed three boys with Autism aged 3–8 years who all had limited communication
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The Defense Satellite Communications System
The Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) began supporting wideband
communications requirements for the government in the summer of 1966; the DSCS was broken
down into three phases. The first phase was to send 26 small communications satellites to orbit with
a lifespan of 18 months with one of the 26 satellites lasting 11 years after the launch (DSCS, 1982).
Phase two of the DSCS program started shortly after the final launches to orbit of phase one. The
first launches of phase two we done in the fall of 1971, phase two DSCS were launched to replace
all phase one DSCS. DSCS phase two had all the incorporated technology form its phase one
predecessors. Phase two DSCS had increased transmission link, increased communications ... Show
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FLTSATCOM constellation consisted of eight–satellite terminal located in the geosynchronous
orbit, ultimately only six survived and lasted there duration till the y got replaced by the UFO
Satellites (Relay, 2003). The first FLTSATCOM satellite was launched in 1978 on top a Atlas rocket,
all eight FLTSATCOM satellites were launched yearly till 1989.
LEASAT The next successor for military communication was the Leased Satellite (LEASAT), this
was a program initiated by congress to increase the use of leased satellites by the U.S. Government
(Relay, 2003). The LEASAT was developed and manufactured by the Hughes Space and
Communications Company, the developed five satellite terminals to go into the geosynchronous
orbit. All five LEASAT terminals were launched on the space shuttle Discovery and Columbia to be
put in orbit, these LEASAT terminals were launched out from 1984–1990. The last LEASAT
terminal was retired and last used till about 1998 ("LEASAT," 1990).
Ultra–High Frequency Follow On The Ultra–High Frequency Follow On (UFO) satellite terminal
was a replacement for the FLASATCOM and the LEASAT satellite terminals in orbit. The UFO
satellite terminal was primarily used for its UHF capability to be used by all military parties for
tactical uses throughout the military, it also provided twice as many channels then what the
FLTSATCOM terminals

Aspects Of Organizational Communications : Freddie Mac's...
Aspect II–Organizational Communications
Freddie Mac's has multiple communications systems. There is communicating person to person
among staff members. There are regional office centers located in five regional area of the United
States. These offices were strategically planned to provide local coverage within the market. This
assisted with gaining access in these local and distant markets as to how trend tend to fair in the
office location also giving Freddie Mac visibility within different regions and access to its principal–
agents. In each office there is an Underwriting Director, production analyst, underwriter, totaling 10
administrative personnel per office to answer questions and provide guidance within their
processing system. In order to utilize their loan and delivery systems they require 10 module
training to be completed prior to submitting the first loan. These are high level training modules
which may or may not pertain to one particular job function. If the job pertained to the training it
was difficult to follow due to being new to their system and not being authorized to access or utilize
the system until after training was completed. The other challenge in communicating with Freddie
Mac was receiving access from someone on an administrative functioning level due to limited and
elected personnel's from the principal agent office were allowed to call the underwriters for
questions and answers. There were more control and monitoring within the principal

Communication System Operators
Communication System Operators are communication professionals within the Royal Corps of
Signals; engineering and operating both digital and satellite communication systems, including
maintenance of communication networks (British Army, 2014). After phase one training
Communication Systems Operators conduct initial trade training, within the Royal School of Signals
which consists of both theory and practical training, to which formative and summative performance
standards are assessed over 32 weeks of training (DSCIS, 2011). The training establishment is
regimented; this is reflected in the education strategies used in the conduct of initial training. The
strategies currently used could be considered as, old fashioned, perhaps more ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Key to the promotion of independent learning is the implementation of whole–school policy at the
strategic level, which currently does not exist in any of the documentation mentioned (Department
for Children, Schools and Families 2008, 8,). A paper by DSCIS (2013) indicates the challenges to
the approach of affordability in times of Defence financial austerity and how the establishment will
move toward continuously improving training outputs, by updating training using new technology
and learning strategies with the reduction of a number of instructor posts. Now is potentially the
time to invest in independent learning as by doing so it lessens the need for students to have direct
instructor intervention, with students finding and using learning materials independently creating
more cost–effective instruction (Twigg, 1995).
Not only is the support of the establishment important but both the relationship of the teacher and
student to successfully promote independent learning (Department for Children, Schools and
Families 2008, 2). To overcome some barriers with independent learning, the teachers must
understand that independent learning does not undermine their role as instructors, they must
overcome the necessity to direct learning in the traditional method and be open minded to new
developing methods of learning (Department for Children, Schools and Families 2008, 8,). To
achieve this approach

The Effects Of Television Interference On Vehicular...
Deminishing The Effects Of Channel Interference In Vehicular Communication Systems Using FIR
Digital Filters
Abstract:
Vehicular Communication systems ,an application of wireless communication is an increasing area
of communication between the vehicles and other roadside infrastructure in which allocation of
wireless channels are used to share information among vehicles and infrastructure and hence these
channels are used for the development and implementation of vehicular communication systems.The
10 MHz wide channels in 5.9GHz spectrum band are reserved for this purpose by two main
protocols the WAVE standards proposed by IEEE in the United States and ETSI ITS–G5 in
Europe.But still the cross –channel interference affect the vehicular communication systems.So to
diminish these problems,this paper presents the implementation of two–stage lowpass equiripple
FIR filter,target to be integrated with digital baseband receiver chain of vehicular communication
platform.The filter was evaluated,optimized and tested with the simulation results and FPGA
implementation to provide the low delay generated in operation and to show the effectiveness of the
proposed filter.
INTRODUCTION:
Vehicular Communication System plays a major role in the development of Intelligent
Transportation System(ITS) which enable the users to make safer, and 'effective ' use of transport
networks and aim to provide innovative services relating to different modes of transport and traffic
management.In

Intercultural Communication And The Australian Criminal...
Intercultural communication is a relatively new subject that has had increasing popularity among
managers in both the business and education sectors. This essay will focus on how a lack of
intercultural communication knowledge will result in racism, stereotyping and misunderstandings
among different cultures and how this can result in negative long term effects for some already
disadvantaged groups such as Indigenous Australians. Without effective Intercultural
Communication, particular groups will continue to be disadvantaged in their everyday lives. Firstly,
this essay will discuss the role that language, particularly non–verbal, plays in communication and
how this is an ongoing issue in the Australian criminal justice system. Following this the effects of
racism and white privilege will be discussed and it will be argued that with more cultural acceptance
and understanding these issues can be prevented. Finally, the problems that arise in multicultural
workplaces will be examined. Intercultural communication has the potential to change many
individuals lives to make them more comfortable and easier and it is a topic that should be
compulsory in schools, especially when considering how quickly globalisation is taking place in
society.
When discussing Intercultural communication, we cannot ignore the roles that racism and white
privilege play. Jackson (2014) explains Racism as, "the belief in the inherent superiority of a
particular race" and he discusses how in many

General Purpose Computing And Communications Systems
Preface:
Lately, hardware security has been the subject of intensive research in the context of general–
purpose computing and communications systems. However, security is often misunderstood by
embedded system designers to be an add–on luxury that can otherwise be done away with in order
to improve efficiency and certain other aspects of their product designs such as the cost,
performance, power consumption and similar metrics. In reality, security needs to be incorporated as
a new dimension by the system designers and it needs to be a primary objective of such design
considerations right from the initial stages of the product lifecycle due to its high relevance and
intrinsic value in subsequent stages of its operation. The challenges ... Show more content on
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The final challenge is the "assurance gap," which relates to the gap between functional security
measures (which include security services, protocols and their constituent cryptographic algorithms)
and actual secure implementations.
An example of a field where embedded systems find use is in the world of e–commerce. Non–cash
payments (cards, checks, ACH, electronic transactions etc.) for the year 2012 is listed at $122.8
billion in the United States alone and, the number of such transactions has seen an increase in annual
rate of 4.4 percent (2009–2012) and at a rate of 4.7 percent between 2003 and 2012 based on the
Federal Reserve Payment Study [1]. In this same report, it is noted that there were 31.1 million
unauthorized transactions (third–party fraud) which amounted to an estimated $6.1 billion in
monetary value. These figures provide an estimate as to the extent of damage possible today in the
world of commerce. There are real livelihoods at stake and providing Network Security in the
context of online transactions can address some the vulnerabilities seen in the system. Recent
attacks that have targeted various financial and commercial institutions in the United States alone,
point to the urgent need to implement security solutions universally across all platforms that use
embedded systems. This has to be implemented in a systematic manner and should include the
active

The Importance Of Body System Communication In The Human Body
Human body system communication is highly important for us to function properly. All the systems
in the human body are essential to our survival and good health. If you take away the purpose of just
one of these body systems our whole body will not work thoroughly. Nervous system, endocrine
respiratory, circulatory, immune, digestive, excretory, skeletal, muscular, and the reproductive
systems are all examples of different system in the human body. They all work jointly for us to
move, dance, eat, and think like we do. One of the most important system is the skeletal system. It
support our body, protects, and helps us with movement, storage of minerals and blood cell
production. The skeleton also protects the internal organs from any harm and damage, allows
movement by providing a structure for the muscles to attach to and stores bone marrow, which is
used to produce red and white blood cells. A good example would be the brain, which is inside the
skull, and is protected by the skull from any trauma to the head. Also the heart, lungs, liver and other
internal organs that are caged in the rib cage and protected from trauma by the ribs. The
vertebrate/spine hold the body straight, allowing us to have motions such as taking notes in class.
The skeletal incorporates all of the bones and joints in the entire body. According to Inner Body,
each bone is a complicated living organ that is made up of countless cells, protein fibers, and
minerals (Taylor, undated). As the skeleton

Different Cooperative Communication Schemes Like Relay...
Abstract
In this survey, we will discuss about different cooperative communication schemes like Relay
communication and Node cooperative system. Later on we will perform comparison between
conventional communication system and cooperative relay scheme based on power efficiency. We
will also discuss about various factors that will impact the efficiency of cooperative systems. We
will conclude with applications of cooperative communication in LTE advanced.
Cooperative communication
Technological convergence in telecommunications and networking has made it possible to bring
voice, data (internet) and other multimedia services over single channel. This has led to significant
increase in network resource demands especially for wireless networks. To address these
tremendous network demands we need to use communication resources efficiently i.e., through
Cooperative communications.
Cooperative communication system uses intelligent nodes or base stations that can consciously help
other nodes to transfer information from the source to the final destination with increased spectral
efficiency and extended coverage in case of Cellular Base stations.
Cooperation in the communication networks can be realized using Relaying and Node Cooperative
systems [1].
Relay communication system
In Relay system, first transmitter sends the data to the relay node and information received by the
relay node is forwarded to next node and finally to the destination receiver by following cooperation

Wireless Communication Systems are Developing Rapidly Essay
With the rapid development of wireless communication systems, there will be a need for the
network deployment of independent mobile users [1]. Significant examples such as establishing
survival, proficient, active communication for emergency/rescue operations, disaster management
efforts, and secured military networks [2]. ]. Vehicular Ad–hoc Networks (VANETs) can be
considered as a subclass of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) with some unique characteristics.
Vehicles move on the roads sharing information among them. Vehicles often move at high speed but
their mobility is within regular constraints and predictable. An accurate estimate of vehicle's
position can be made available through GPS systems or on–board communication unit. VANETs ...
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Conventional ad hoc routing protocols such as DSR and AODV will not be appropriate in VANETs
for most vehicular Broadcast applications.
There are three different Traffic of operation in VANET
Regular Traffic: In case of regular traffic some nodes may have very few neighbours while some
other nodes have many neighbours.
Dense Traffic:Nodes Simply broadcasting the packets leads to many collisions and conflicts in
transmission among neighbouring nodes.
Sparse Traffic: The delay that incurs in delivering messages between disconnected vehicles can vary
from a few seconds to several minutes.
This paper gives a detailed study about existing broadcasting protocols.
Traffic View
Traffic View, protocol uses a method called aggregation method on the data in the updated dataset.
By grouping multiple data packets based on message timestamp and relative vehicle distance this
protocol minimizes bandwidth utilisation Traffic View has a definite structure to disseminate and
collect information about the vehicles on the road.[4]
Advantage: with such a system, a vehicle driver will know the road traffic, which helps the driver
handling situations efficiently or finding an correct route for long distance.
Disadvantage: the cars in the non–aggregation case have only limited visibility to all nodes, and
most of the nodes have no information about other nodes that are at least 500m away.
AMB Protocol: Adhoc Multicast Protocol
In this

M2M Communication System for Networked Robots with Low...
Initially the robot has pain w, set according to the quality of the work to be performed, and it has an
empty RRT buffer. It keeps on performing its task with the aim to minimize the pain w. If the task
requires any information to be sent the pain c is incremented. Then the robot starts sensing for the
communication signal from its neighbors. If no signal is received the robot starts scanning for
neighbors. If no neighbor units are around the robot will take one RRT step, through RRT forward
propagation block in Fig. 2, and push the initial location node information into the RRT buffer as
shown in Table 1. By doing so the robot has acquired an increment in the pain c. More c represents
that the urge to communicate is more. The physical displacement of robot and the RRT buffer state
at each step for RRT Forward Block is shown in Fig. 1.
After reaching the new location node the robot again scans its environment for any robot in its
communication range. If no robot is found, it again goes through RRT forward propagation block.
Each time the pain c increases and a new location node is reached to scan other robots. If even after
three steps no robots are detected in scanning. The robot will check for the greater pain among c and
w. If c is still greater than w the robot will wait some finite amount of time and keep on decreasing
c. When c becomes less then w the robot makes the value of c equal to zero, which means the
message to be transferred is lost. The robot then return to

Fiber Optic Communication Systems And Introduction

Fiber Optic Communication Systems and Introduction to SONET/SDH (December 2014) Pravalika
Nagulapally, (012600326)
Abstract– This paper explains about the Evolution of fiber optic networks in Communications. It
describes in detail about the Optics communication model and also detailed MATLAB work on
calculating the parameters that are required to setup a optical link. It also emphasizes on different
bands employed in Communication systems. The section three of the paper describes briefly
regarding Synchronous Optical Networking (SONET) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH).
The SONET networks topology and their hierarchy is also described in this paper. The data rates of
Sonet/Sdh and the optical market highlights are described at ... Show more content on
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Fiber optic communications systems are light wave systems that employ optical fibers for
information transmission.
Fig. BL vs Year
A commonly used figure of merit for communication systems is the bit rate distance product. (BL),
where B is the bit rate and L is the repeater spacing. Figure shows that the BL product has increased
with technical advances.
II. OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Modern fiber–optic communication systems generally
include an optical transmitter to convert an electrical signal into an optical signal to send into the
optical fiber, a cable containing bundles of multiple optical fibers that is routed through underground
conduits and buildings, multiple kinds of amplifiers, and an optical receiver to recover the signal as
an electrical signal. The information transmitted is typically digital information generated by
computers, telephone systems, and cable television companies.
Figure shows a generic block diagram of an optical communication system. It consists of a
transmitter, a communication channel and a receiver. Optical communication systems can be
classified into two broad categories.
Fig:Optical Communication System
Guided: Guided lightwave systems: The optical emitted by the light source remains confined.
Unguided: The optical beam emitted spreads out in space.
A.Transmitters:

The most commonly used optical transmitters are semiconductor devices such as light–emitting
diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes. The difference

A New Picture Archiving Communications Systems ( Pacs )...
Challenge the Vendor As a member of an organization acquiring a new Picture Archiving
Communications Systems (PACS) software, it is imperative to make certain of several vendor
challenges that sales representatives won't address in depth. With PACS applications there are
continuous challenges because of the complexity and constant evolving technology in the Imaging
sector of health care. Particularly, there are three encounters which I will address that a PACS
vendor may not identify the imperfections of their application. Primarily integration capabilities are
huge to countless in Imaging, as most PACS software's struggle to be well matched with the
Radiology Information System or the Health Information System. It is essential for the PACS
application being purchased have a platform that is compatible with the software's already within the
organization in order for the workflow to be efficient. Another topic vendors tend to breeze over are
downtimes and how often they may occur. Although downtimes shouldn't occur frequently the
departments need to be established and up to date on downtime scenarios, which the vendor should
provide support for 24/7. In addition the vendor should have solutions in order to make sure the
departments are fully functional even during a downtime scenario. Lastly, interoperability concerns
are a major factor as healthcare enhances and is improving. Imaging plays the center role to a
patient's continuous care and better outcomes. Configurations

Language As A Symbolic Communication System
Language is something that we need and use for everything in our lives. Language is, "a symbolic
communication system that is learned instead of biologically inherited." (O'Neil, 2006). Language is
communication that is either written down or spoken in words or sentences. We need to have a good
understanding of language to learn, work and for our normal lives. You need to know language to be
able to communicate with other people. Language has structure and meaning, for example words
and sentences. Language also had tone, pitch, pace and volume. There are several types of language,
receptive language, expressive language, emergent language. Receptive language is how you receive
and understand language and expressive language is how ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Being numerate means having the confidence and skills to use numbers in all aspects of life.
Language, Literacy and Numeracy are all interdependent. Comparliative numeracy is e.g. big,
bigger and Superlative is e.g. biggest. Children learn their numeracy skills through play with adults,
these adults can be parents/carers, practitioners, child minder's etc. Numeracy also means being able
to work out "charts and diagrams, process information, solve problems, check answers, understand
and explain solutions, and make decisions based on logical thinking and reasoning." (National
Numeracy, 2014)
It is important to support the development of language, literacy and numeracy at this early stage as it
forms the basis for each child's future learning needs and ability and will also allow you to observe
and understand if there is a need for additional support. It will also help children to grow and to
become confident, educated individuals and succeed in their life goals.
The developmental stages of language are; pre–linguistic stage, one–word stage, two or three–word
utterances, more complex sentences, further development between 3–4, and further development
between 4 and 5. In the pre–linguistic stage from birth to 1 year, babies can tell the difference
between voices and other sounds, they can start to use sounds such as 'dadadadada' or
'mamamamama'. In the one–word stage from 12 to 18 months young children can have a variety of

Digital Imaging And Communication System
"PACS" which stands for (picture archive communication system) is a healthcare technology for the
short and long term storage, retrieval, management, distribution and presentation of medical
images(rouse). This system has led the medical field to be more efficient with all of their images and
organization of those images. Hospitals all around the world are using this technology and it 's only
going to get greater usage and develop even better over time. PACS in general, is made up of several
different components, these include imaging systems, such as MRI, CAT scan, and X–ray
equipment, A secure network for patient information distribution, computers for viewing and
processing images, and lastly archives for storage and retrieval of images and related
documentation(PACS). The first component of PACS is DICOM, Which stands for digital imaging
and communication in medicine. According to Margeret Rouse from health IT said " is a protocol
that allows for the sharing of images and other medical information. DICOM permits PACS,
radiology information systems and more medical imaging systems to connect with and pass data to
systems at other healthcare facilities". This allows long term retrieval of the data and images for use
in the future. The next component that works with PACS is the RIS which is a radiology information
system. This works with PACS to provide patient information along with scheduling, and image
interpretation reports. In my opinion, these two components are

Communication Systems
UNIT 501 Use of development systems that promote communication
1.1 Facilitate the development of SMART objectives and work plans with team members
SPECIFIC
MEASURABLE
ATTAINABLE
RELEVANT
TIME–BOUND
Specific goal rather than generalise goals. You must tell exactly what is expected, why its important,
who is involved, where its going to happen and which attributes are important.
Your specific goal should cover – who is involved where– identify a location why– specific reasons
or purpose which– identify requirements and constraints
Measurable
All goals must be measurable to then measure the progress towards the successful outcome, to
measure progress is to monitor and access success and achievement.
Attainable ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Where there may be communication barriers it can affect a clients behaviour due to frustration that
individual may be feeling.
A client may begin to feel angry because the communication barrier could be affecting there needs,
wishes, wants, rights, requests and preferences.
A communication barrier may assist a client in feeling sad, lonely, depressed, causing lack of
interaction and engagement, also possible deterioration of health and non compliance.
Barriers may be–
a verbal communication barrier, mute client tools and aid communication and emotion cards and
charts makaton /sign language poor relationships/ rapports between staff and clients=
communication barriers may cause challenging behaviour.

Lack of communication can cause barriers between staff and clients resulting in poor level of care,
client confusion,agitation and challenging behaviour.
Lack of communication between a client and there family can cause upset, deterioration of mental
health, physical health, effecting recovery and treatment causing client to possibly feel sad,
depressed, lonely, rejected and neglected.
Poor communication between staff among themselves can also result in poor care of the clients, lack
of organisation and lack of professionalism.
Unit 501
1.4 Implement a strategy to overcome communication barriers
Strategy to overcome communication barriers , firstly state all anticipated barriers that may impact
upon others causing challenging behaviour.

Calps: Basic Interpersonal Communication System
a. BICs–Basic Interpersonal Communication System
i. Everyday talk ii. Basic interpersonal communication skills iii. In the stages of language
development–early production and speech emergence. iv. Fluency takes 1–3 years
v. Context imbedded vi. Survival language
b. CALPs–Cognitive Academic Language
i. Academic ii. Cognitive academic proficiency iii. In the stages of language development–
Intermediate fluency and advanced fluency. iv. Complete fluency takes up to a lifetime
v. Fewer non–verbal cues vi. 5 Cs
1. Communication
2. Conceptualization
3. Critical thinking
4. Context
5. Culture
c. Understanding BICs and CALPs is important for many different reasons. First BICs and CALPs
divides the understanding of language into two different categories, each with their own components
and sets of importance. There are many different processes ones goes through to learn a new
language, and Cummins believe these processes are the same no matter what language one is
attempting to speak. ELL learners will go through a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cummins came up with his notion of BICs and CALPs though his study of a series of psychological
reports done on ELL students. Educators were concerned about the ELL student performance and
did not understand why children who gave the appearance of being fluent in English, were
performing so poorly on exams; resulting in the assumption that they may have some type of
learning disability. Cummins explained in the video we watched that the fact that they were from a
non–English–speaking background often went overlooked. In addition, in these types of tests, these
students performed much higher in verbal testing than non–verbal. Cummins quickly picked up on
this gap. Cummins re–analyzed the data the school had and looked at how long they have been in
the school district in relation to proficiency, and closeness to grade norms. With this soon came
Cummins's way of placing a distinction between basic "survival" communication vs academic
communication and

The Role Of The Complex And Communication System
Anthony Robbins, an advisor to global leaders who has achieved many goals, states, "to effectively
communicate, we must realize that we are all different in the way we perceive the world and use this
understanding as a guide to our communication with others (About, 2014)." Comparing Robbins'
statement of leadership and communication between others to the role of leadership in the healthcare
system, it is similar in ways that fit into a complex system that includes all healthcare professionals
and the communication system between them. One important component of the complex and
communication system is nurse leaders. A nurse leader is defined as a well–rounded person, who is
empathetic, compassionate and respectful, while having the ability ... Show more content on
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The Meaning of Complex Adaptive Systems
The complex adaptive systems, according to Thomas Clancy (2008), registered nurse and
practitioner, are a combination of several systems or networks of people that "can learn and adapt
over time" that may "change the structure of the system (p 249)." These systems are interdependent
of each other, therefore a change in one system or network would change another system.
The complex adaptive systems are characterized by self–organization, emergence, non–linearity,
chaos, and turbulence. Self–organization is forming teams within the unit through interaction and
"without the guidance or influence from an outside source (Clancy, 2008, p 252)." An example of
self–organization is when nurses form into teams that rapidly respond to emergencies due to an
introduction of a mobile personal communication devices (Clancy, 2008, p 252). As a result of self–
organization, emergence is created, which is the pattern or order of a behavior. For instance, the
pattern of when medication administration occurs is an emergence since each nurse administer
medications to patients are a specific range of time as well as how each nurse behaves in front of the
patient before giving the medication. The characteristics, non–linearity and chaos, goes hand–in–
hand as non–linearity shows that a system behavior can be non–linear as the stimulus and the
response can be different and not equal, while chaos

The Technology Of Communication Systems
Abstract:
Technology is increasing rapidly. Various new technologies in various fields are emerging day by
day. Among them Communication Systems is the branch in which most part of the scientists are
focused on. CDMA, GSM, 3G, 4G are examples of the technologies that are developed in this field.
Behind all the components included in the technology of communication system, Antennas take the
most part. Smart antenna system received a greater interest for its involvement in performance
improvement of wireless radio systems. Many techniques are included in this system such as
enhancing received signal strength, reducing the interference and increasing capacity, etc. The main
purpose of this paper is to provide how scientists approached and achieved towards smart antenna.
Thus, this paper includes problems in communication, how it is overcame by smart antenna, its
working like beamforming, adaptive system etc.
Introduction:
A decade ago, Communication systems haven't been able to properly exploit the spatial component
of mobile radio channel. Communication systems has been facing two main problems. One is using
very small amount of energy and second is interference problem i.e., mixing of main signal with
signal from other communication links. Here, the solution is eliminating interference and collecting
total radiated energy. It may sound simple, but yes it is the solution. The system which can able to
do these two works is smart antenna system.
Antennas have a long

Shc 51: Use and Develop Systems That Promote Communication...
1.1 Review the range of groups and individuals whose communication needs must be addressed in
own job role.
1.2 Explain how to support effective communication within the job role.
1.3 Analyse the barriers and challenges to communication within own job role.
As a Learning Disability team leader there are many different groups and individuals whose needs
must be addressed. One group of people are the service users. Their needs must be addressed as they
are the customer to whom I am providing a service. The service user needs to be able to tell me what
they want/need and I need to understand what they are telling me. There must be effective
communication with this group in order to meet their needs, the needs of the service and to make ...
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How a service user has developed can also affect communication and create barriers and challenges.
If an individual is not able to communicate on an interpersonal level it is likely that they would not
have developed the skills to communicate on an intrapersonal level.
Another barrier is the environment in which the message is being communicated. Some service
users will feel more comfortable communicating in familiar surroundings, such as in their own flats,
especially when the communication is about a sensitive issue. They may feel uncomfortable
communicating in an environment where there is a lot of other people in the room, situations such as
tenant meetings may prove hard for them.
Distractions in an environment can also be a barrier to communication, if trying to speak to a service
user in the office for example where there are other staff members having conversations, a radio on
and the phone ringing, the noises may distract the service user from receiving the message correctly.
Another group is the internal staff team. The staff team provide direct front line support to the
service users. I must be able to communicate effectively with them to ensure they know what their
role entails and what to do. Their communication needs are also important as there is often
significant information that needs to be communicated regarding issues such

Nt1310 Unit 10 Communication Systems
phones, tablets, etc.). The communication technologies used in the systems are mostly determined
by the house topology. Pre–existing houses use PLC or wireless networks (radio or IR), while new
homes can be out ﬁtted for dedicated wiring through the walls, avoiding some interference issues
and lowering the ﬁnal The NXP (founded by Philips) LPC2148 is an ARM7TDMI–S based high–
performance 32–bit RISC Microcontroller with Thumb extensions 512KB on–chip Flash ROM with
In–System Programming (ISP) and In–Application Programming (IAP), 32KB RAM, Vectored
Interrupt Controller, Two 10bit ADCs with 14 channels, USB 2.0 Full Speed Device Controller, Two
UARTs, Two I2C serial interfaces, Two SPI serial interfaces Two

Rhetorical Elements Of The Communication System
When it comes to getting a better understanding of what someone is trying to communicate through
their writing, it is easier to try and put the date into categories. Back in his time, Aristotle created a
system of elements called Rhetorical Elements to help fill the goals of the communication system.
The three rhetorical elements are: ethos, which appeals to ethics and credibility, logos, which
appeals to logic, and pathos, which appeals to emotions ("Business Communication, n.d.). Much
later in time, two men named Charles Kostelnick and David Rogers created a sub–set of goals
comprised of nine strategies that fit into each of the three rhetorical elements. These new elements
are called Cognate Strategies. One of the cognate strategies that is part of the logos element is
conciseness. Conciseness can best be described as focusing on the key points of a message when
communicating ("Business Communication", n.d.). A personal example of when I have used the
conciseness strategy in my writing is when I worked as a receptionist/secretary in a tax preparation
office. On each client's profile, there was a checklist for the appointment they were scheduled for,
along with a blank "notes" section. In this section, the receptionists were required to include any key
bits of information that they believe is important enough for the tax preparer to know and be aware
of. We were told that these notes should be as short and to–the–point as possible, focusing only on
the key

Picture Exchange Communication System
Pec is a system that was developed in 1985 to help people with ASD communicate more effectively.
PECS stands for Picture Exchange Communication System. Students with ASD often struggle and
have difficulties communicating effectively with others starting from a very young age. Due to these
difficulties. The child will often become easily frustrated with trying to verbalize or gesture their
needs and wants. This can also be overwhelming for the person who's trying to receive the message
as well. PECS was simply put in place to make things more simple for both communicating parties.
PECS consists of picture cards that represent symbols that will allow the ASD child to communicate
and express themselves clearly. It allows the child to select anywhere from one to three cards to
form a sentence verbalizing their thoughts and requests. In the video the young girl was able to tell
her teacher what toys she wanted to play with from the different centers. The child selected the
pictures which consists of two cards and placed them on the board. The teacher reviewed the
pictures and knew the request from the child. This allowed the child to stay in her seat without
having to search for the toy to show to her teacher. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, in the video the teacher had cards that allowed the student to tell the teacher what she
saw or heard. Often students with ASD have very limited social interaction or two way conversation
because of the time it will take the two communicating parties to have a clear understanding of what
the other person is trying to convey. A child with ASD often become frustrated when trying to
communicate, and lead them into a state of screaming, crying, and extreme frustration. Due to the
PECS causing less stress for the child, they are more willing to communicate and express

The Process Of Communication Systems
the procedure he used with this company to set this up. The main thing that I took from what he did
was that there was always lots of communication between all the decision makers in the group. This
is something that we did not do an excellent job of when trying to get a system set up to acquire
customer feedback data. It appears every member of executive management has his or her idea of
how this should be done, when it should be done, and what information was to be obtained. At no
time did they all sit down and conclude an answer to these questions so the employees trying to
come up with the system were having to change things each time someone reviewed it. Just having
simple communication between all involved would go a long way to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
We could not afford to video conference with designers like in the article, but we can meet in our
conference room with our IT people and decision makers to come up with a process. We may not be
able to have the high–tech testing like the article suggests but we can test within our company. RAD
systems can be expensive, but if you are creative enough you can come up with alternative to fit
your company's budget.
The second article, The Benefits of Joint Application Design (Bennett 2017), deals with how joint
applications process are important to all companies. It mentions how input from all aspects of the
business is critical to a joint application design, or JAD. My company can use this method for a new
data gathering system we are looking to get. It is a voice analytic system that can track anytime our
agents say certain words or phrases and puts those results into a sortable data base. The issue we are
running into is we have a limited dictionary and a limited number of things to search for. Using
JAD, we can get everyone's input to determine the best things to detect and put in the data base. The
key to making this JAD work is to have a decision maker from each department involved in the
process. As mentioned we have limited space to what we can look for so making sure everyone gets
a fair share so using the JAD to make sure everyone gets an input would make the process
streamlined.

Communication System in Malaysia
INTRODUCTION Every day, in our work and in our leisure time, we come in contact with and use
a variety of modern communication systems and communication media, the most common being the
telephone, radio, television, and the Internet. Through these media we are able to communicate
(nearly) instantaneously with people on different continents, transact our daily business, and receive
information about various developments and events of note that occur all around the world.
Electronic mail and facsimile transmission have made it possible to rapidly communicate written
messages across great distances. ELEMENT OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Information signal
is given to the transmitter which then transmits the message over the medium to the ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
* In 2008, Packet One Networks Malaysia Sdn Bhd became the first provider to introduce Wireless
Wimax Service on 802.16e spectrum technology. Early Stage (1946–2000) In 1 April 1946, RTM
was established as Radio Malaya operating out of Singapore, with a Malayan section created in
Kuala Lumpur in 1950. The first English language radio station (now Traxx FM) began operations
the same year as The Blue Network under Radio Malaya. With the independence of Malaya in 31
August 1957 Radio Malaya was split into two; the original studios in Singapore was taken over by a
new station called Radio Singapura and Radio Malaya moved to Kuala Lumpur going on air from
the new location on 1 January 1959. It would be later renamed Radio Malaysia on 16 September
1963 with the transmissions beginning with its trademark words Inilah Radio Malaysia (This is
Radio Malaysia) on the day the Malaysia of today was born. Television services under the name
Malaysia Televisyen (Malaysia TV) or Malaysia Television (Malaysia TV) started on 28 December
1963 in time for the national New Year celebrations in Kuala Lumpur and regional telecasts in the
Klang Valley in Selangor state. The then 10–month old Television Singapura (launched on 16
February 1963) became part of Malaysia

Essay On Fiber Communication System
There are certain inherent flaws with the optical transmission system like inter–symbol interference
and noise. This distortion is introduced by the narrow bandwidth and some distortions due to the
media through the optical signals travel. The linear transversal filter is used to reduce symbol
interference. The system designed to remove unknown distortion is called an adaptive equalizer. The
corrective measure is to identify the distortion and adjust accordingly with the objective to remove
it. The equalizer can be the supervised or unsupervised type. In the TV or radio Transmission, blind
equalizers are used. The literature survey of analysis of mean square error and space division
multiplexing technique and other system removing the ISI ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The equalizer converges to higher MSE. The noise PSD directed method iterated over 3000 km
transmission on all six modes and it tends to convergence at same MSE to get the standard –10 dB
normalized MSE (NMSE).The noise PSD directed algorithms require 47 blocks and the
conventional algorithm needs 48 blocks [6]. Sean O¨Arık et.al have proposed Long–haul mode–
division multiplexing (MDM) for adaptive multi–input–multi–output (MIMO) equalization to
reduce for modal crosstalk and modal dispersion. To minimize computational complexity, use
MIMO frequency–domain equalization (FDE).Polarization division multiplexing (PDM) system use
single mode fiber but its transmission effected by noise, fiber nonlinearity and dispersion. In multi–
mode fiber (MMF) with multi–input–multi–output (MIMO) transmission Increasing per–fiber
capacity can be achieved more readily by increasing spatial dimensionality the total number of
dimensions available for multiplexing, including spatial and polarization degrees of freedom
denoted by D. In first case two polarization modes of single mode fiber using D=2. This is made
possible by equalization techniques goes on going up with the upward drift of D and higher group
delay. In second case systems using modedivision multiplexing (MDM) in MMFs (D>2) receiver,
computational complexity increases because of an increase in D and because of the large group
delay (GD) spread

Using Mathematical Manipulation Of Signals For...
I still remember the day I was introduced to the Internet. With my first hotmail email id, I struck up
a friendship with a netizen from Dalian. I learned about his culture, his family, and his country. I
was truly mesmerized by what the Internet could enable!
Later on in school, I learned C++, communication theory, and Internet basics, thus sparking my
interest in making a mark in the field of communication. I excelled at academics and topped my
class in Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics, with an aggregate of 96%. In keeping with my
marked inclination for the field of communications, I joined the Electronics and Communication
program at National Institute of Technology, Karnataka, a college that boasts of one of the best
courses for this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During my third year, while attending a lecture on the OSI layer, I was profoundly intrigued by the
complexity of the internet, as well as the simplicity of the flow of data between the layers. To
explore this interest, I completed the CCNA– R&S and CCNP– R&S certification courses. That
summer, I was the only undergrad in my college who was offered an internship at Cisco Systems. At
Cisco, I developed a tool which automates the Bill of Material for customers to transition from their
existing switches (3800 series) to a new category of switches (4500 series). Owing to my good
performance as an intern, I was offered a full–time job at Cisco.
In my final year of college, I submitted a thesis under the guidance of Dr. N.S.V. Shet, in which I
proposed an alternative model of Wireless Mesh Network (WMN) to better utilize bandwidth for the
campus network at my college. This involved simulation of the existing design and analysis of
traffic flow using Wireshark. Then, I executed a geographical survey to determine the ideal locations
for the access points for the WMN and subsequently conducted an analysis of the ideal protocol to
be used, and simulated it in NS–2. Also, as part of my Communication Networks course, I submitted
a report on Congestion Control in Frame–Relay. My primary focus was how congestion control is
realized in Frame–Relay. Apart from this I also explained the protocol architecture, frame format
and the behaviour of frame–relay network i.e. the manner in

The Provision Of Communications Equipment And System On...
All communication systems have an appropriate level of priority, availability and safety integrity.
These facilities should be resistant to access by unauthorized persons.
The provision of communications equipment and system on heritage and minor system should be
considered with care and supported with fully documented risk analysis as required. It is
recommended that system should be installed, maintained and operated to preserve their inherent
levels of security which was originally specified, often asa result of serious mishaps to prevent the
future mistakes which could lead to an infortune outcome. CONCENTRATOR SYSTEM
If a telephone concentrator is provided or available it should provide at least the following minimum
requirements.
1) Only one call at a time can be established between the operator's hand and a remote party at any
time one time.
2) No interruption or any noise by a third party should be possible under normal working condition.
3) The level of over hearing could be abundantly low as to wipe out the possibility of confusion with
other calls.
4) All systems should provide a facility which enables the operator to call the remote telephone.
In telecommunication, the term concentrator has the following meanings:
1. In data communication, a functional unit that allows a common path to handle may data sources
than there are channels currently available within the path. A concentrator usually gives
communication capability between many low–speeds, mostly

Assignment 1: Communication Technology And The Criminal...
Report writing is very important when it comes to the Criminal Justice System. Reports are
narratives that officers write to keep record of day to day incidents that they encounter during the
work day. It is very important that the reports are written properly and in the correct format with as
many details as possible because they can be looked at by superior officers, used in debriefings, or
can be subpoenaed for court cases. Technology plays a big role in properly preparing the reports
because the technology is used to prepare the report. Current technology used to prepare the reports
are computers, storage systems, and reporting systems. There are also future technology that will
help write reports more accurately.
The most widely used technology that is being used for report writing are computers. Computers
have become a very widely used tool to create reports. Computers are very diverse and can help
create a report with any software that is downloaded to the computer. They can be secured with a
proper ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the systems that is new and is starting to be used in the field is Real–time field reporting.
With this technology, officers can input important information thru a secure wireless device so that
vital information that is needed for a report is saved and synchronized to the computer system once
the officer has gone back to the police station. Every detail is very important in all cases and with
being able to use the real–time report writing all little details that may be forgotten before getting to
the station to create the report at the end of the day can be saved now. Another innovative
technology that is being used in the field are 3D Crime Scene Imaging. This system can scan a crime
scene, which replaces the need to take pictures or sketches of scenes. These images are more
accurate and can be placed in a

The Digital Satellite Communication Systems
DIGITAL SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
By
Oyudo Richard Chidiebube
(Matriculation Number: 110805082)
Department of Computer Sciences
University of Lagos
(Ref: CSC422/2014–15)
ABSTRACT
Modern wireless communications technology has almost become synonymous with digital satellite
communications. It is hence, a key element in the current era of globalization as it has so largely
been adopted as a primary means of communication. This paper attempts to investigate modern
digital satellite communications providing a progressive transition from a conceptual to a more
technical view of the digital communication process through a satellite from one earth terminal to
another.
INTRODUCTION
Satellite communications today, is an integral part of our everyday life and the world at large. From
providing in–flight communication in airplanes, GPS navigation systems to even determining long–
term patterns and statistical data of the atmosphere for climate monitoring and remote sensing, the
importance of satellite communication systems have become invaluable. More applicable to our
everyday life, it is used in telephone and television communication systems. Satellites are preferred
to other means of communications because they possess features not available in other
communication systems. For example, signals can be received and sent over thousands of miles also
with an added advantage of its immunity to political and geographical boundaries.
The creation and launch of a typical satellite

The Digital Satellite Communication Systems
Digital Satellite Communication Systems by Nwodo Nenne
(Matriculation Number: 130805063)
Department of Computer Sciences
University of Lagos
(Ref: CSC422/2014–15)
Abstract
Digital satellite communications is conducted in a bandwidth and power limited system of noise
contributors, filters, nonlinear amplifiers, and adjacent channel interference.
The objective of this paper is to investigate modern digital satellite communication systems. In this
paper, the readers mind will be opened to the overall system architecture, identifying all types of
filters, amplifiers, and modulation techniques in a system involving a transmitting earth terminal and
up–link, a satellite transponder, and a down–link and receiving earth terminal which includes the
receivers.
The growing need/use of satellite communications and constant technological evolvement proves
the significance of this paper in modern day telecommunications.
The introduction unit gives the reader a perfect initiation to satellites and its applications. This is
succeeded by a brief history of digital satellite communication systems.
All the units in this paper will help to clearly discuss the digital satellite communication systems.
Each unit takes a particular subject concerning said topic and expatiates on it.
Introduction
The oxford dictionary meaning of a satellite is stated as follows: "an artificial body placed in orbit
round the earth or another planet in order to collect information or for communication."

Picture Exchange Communication System ( Pecs )
Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is a systematic form of communication between
two people by using picture cards and exchanging them to express oneself. The PECS system is
used most often with children who have autism or other disabilities that causes them to lack speech
and communication skills. "One of its greatest assets has received almost no attention in the
theoretical or clinical literature. The picture exchange requires that attention be given to the message
recipient using a behavior that does not require eye contact. (Journal of Autism and Developmental
Disorders)" The actual attention being given towards the message recipient demonstrates the
communication aspect and demonstrates the difference between intentional action and intentional
communication. Intentional communication signals behavior in which the child is aware of what
was asked prior to the behavior taking place. Intentional action is when you carry out an action
without being told anything prior. The child knows what s going to happened therefore that 's why
they chose that behavior. This program gives children who are nonverbal the ability to communicate
in an environment that 's comfortable for them. PECS is an augmentative and alternative
communication (ACC) that incorporates the other communication methods to aid or replace speech
and/or writing entirely for those with impairments and difficulties. Giving children with disabilities
access to these programs in schools as well as at

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Communication System
Bureaucracy, Standard Operating Procedures and Standard Working Practices necessary to ensure
consistency can stifle staff engagement and affect performance, limits formal procedures and
processes. Furthermore, standard letters issued to stakeholders, which offer no facility for
amendment or personalisation, can disassociate and weaken customer relationships.
Network channels of communication, their benefits and implications are not considered. Teams are
created purely by location, in order to meet the organisations future vision for 2020. However,
different tasks benefit from different communication networks. For example some roles within TSL
require isolation or home working and would be categorised as a 'wheel ' network whilst others are
based upon a processing system following a 'Y' network structure, see figure 1.5 above. No
consideration has been made to the management of virtual teams where effective communication
needs to be encouraged and managed. This is vitally important, especially if the group has not been
through the five key stages of group development described in the model by Bruce W. Tuckman,
which follows a group from formation and conflict in establishing boundaries, to performing and
finally adjournment when the group disbands.
The key strength of the organisations communication system is YETI and OneFile: TSL's
programme to improve business operations. Since its implementation, it has streamlined business
operations and improved staff engagement by

Basic Functioning Principle of a Satellite Communication...
1.Introduction
In today's ultra modern civilization, with features like wireless communications, high definition
television broadcasting and Internet access almost in any point of the world the use of the so called
telecommunication satellites is unavoidable. The continuous growth of the satellite industry is due to
the fact of the many advantages of it, like low costs, big covered areas, possibility of broadcasting
and many others. In the present project there will be presented the basic functioning principle of a
satellite communication system, the structure of it and some of the most used applications in the real
life.
An object which revolves around a planet on an elliptical or circular path is called a satellite.
A communication satellite is an artificial satellite, which is sent to the space for the purpose of
telecommunications. It actually reflects (or relays) a radio signal coming from a ground–station back
to the Earth, to the receiving side, using a transponder, which is a receiver and a transmitter of radio
signals. The main components of the satellite consists of the communication system, containing the
transponders and the antennas which receive and transmit the radio–signals, the powering system,
made of solar panels (which collect the sunlight and transforms it into electrical energy), and the
propulsion part, which includes the rockets that move the satellite. The whole system also contains
the two ground stations, from them one transmits the radio signal,

Communication Systems : Where Lies The Power Of...
Communication Systems
Where lies the power in communication?
Issues Investigation – 'Our Chemical Lives'
REPLACE THIS IMAGE
Insert an image here of a chemical or atomic structure to reflect your topic.
MORONIC ACID
by
Learning Studies Teacher:
Total Word Count: (max 750!)
Task Sheet SACE Rubric NonSACE Rubric
FAQ Companion document
SLASA
Introduction
Ethanol, also commonly called alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol is the principal type of
alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeasts. It's focus on
the effect of taking alcohol, especially on teenagers. When teenagers meeting with their friends or
having party, maybe because of other people, maybe because of Instant Gratification or because of
Misinformation, they may have some alcohol without adults in order to be more excited or 'cool'.
Having alcohol affects the nervous system.
Biochemistry behind the issue
● the interaction of the chemical with nerves
The brain is made up of more than 100 billion neurons. Each makes tens of thousands of
connections. Alcohol will destroy or even kill neurons. This will make a great harm to teenagers
brain development.
Alcohol is able to seep into the brain because it can go across the blood brain barrier. This means

that it can directly move in the blood and touch the brain cells. Because of this, alcohol kills brain
cells easily .
Brain cells are mostly fastened on Central Nervous System which is also called

Augmentative Communication Systems-Sign Languages, PECS
Summary
The topic for today's reading was Augmentative Communication Systems–Sign Languages, PECS.
In the assigned reading and module, we observe that a characteristic of autism is difficulty
developing and using verbal speech to communicate with others. The Picture Exchange
Communication System (PECS) is used to help children with autism to develop a system for
communicating with others across multiple environments. It is used most often with learners that are
non–verbal, but can also be used with learners with limited verbal skills. PECS can be used across
age ranges, starting in preschool, to help individuals with ASD communicate with others. In fact,
research has shown that learners can use PECS to increases their work production ... Show more
This system of communication makes easier for the person with autism to let others know what their
need or want, as well as reducing the frustration of the person with autism for not being able to
communicate. Indeed, The Picture Exchange Communication System has many positive aspects and
is a well–organized and supervised system.
One of the aspects of PECS that I like is how the people around the individual to use this system can
see the results and progress, and how the person can implement the same communication skills in
different settings. In comparison to others non–verbal communication systems for people with
autism from past readings, it seems that PECS have better outcomes and is more recommendable to
use. Although PECS can present difficulty at interpreting some of the used symbols, like the generic
and mood/feeling symbols. The identification of feelings through cards could represent an issue
because a person with autism presents difficulty at identifying their mood and feelings.
Another issue that this system can show is that the communication is limited to the pictures
available for which parents and teachers around the person with autism must plan ahead for pictures
needed. Finally, the longer a person with autism uses PECS, the greater the variety of
picture/symbol cards that can provide. This may take extra effort of the parents or

Essay on Use and Develop Systems That Promote Communication
Use and Develop Systems that Promote Communication
Communication (from Latin "communis", meaning to share) is the activity of conveying
information through the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, visuals,
signals, writing, or behavior. Communication "is a fundamental aspect of all human relationships"
and is an essential element of good care. Communication involves the sender (a care worker) and
the receiver (a service user). The receiver needs to give feedback, in words or gestures or behavior,
so the sender knows that the message has been understood. Mr.x have been suffering from "ataxia".
His oral communication has been affected. The challenge has risen for care worker to ... Show more
Oral communication includes speeches, presentations, discussions, and aspects of interpersonal
communication.As a type of face–to–face communication, body language and choice tonality play a
significant role, and may have a greater impact upon the listener than informational content. All
communications, intentional or unintentional, have some effect. This effect may not be always in
communicator's favor or as desired by him or her. Communication that produces the desired effect
or result is effective communication. It results in what the communicator wants. Effective
communication generates the desired effect, maintains effect & increases effect. Effective
communication serves its purpose for which it was planned or designed. The purpose could be to
generate action, inform, create understanding or communicate a certain idea/point etc. Effective
communication also ensures that message distortion does not take place during the communication
process.
Physical barriers are often due to the nature of the environment. Thus, for example, the natural
barrier which exists whilst distractions like background noise, poor lighting or an environment
which is too hot or cold can all affect people's morale and concentration, which in turn interfere with
effective communication. System design faults refer to problems with the structures or systems in
place in an organization. Examples might include a lack of supervision or

Unit 501 use and develop systems that promote communication
Holistic/Direct Observation/Witness Statement Professional Discussion/Questioning Record
Training Adviser Name: Liz Etherton
Learner Name: Ian Wright
Witness Name and relationship to learner:
Setting: Little Hayes Care Home, Totland Bay, Isle of Wight, PO29 0DN
Date: 22/05/2015
Unit Outcomes & Evidence
Unit 501 (SHC51)
Outcome 1.1: How do you review the range of individuals and groups in your workplace whose
communication needs must be addressed?
In my current role as Care Supervisor I communicate with a range of individuals such as: service
users, mangers, family members, staff members, and other professionals such as GP's, district
nurses, physiotherapist, and social workers. It is vital that my communication is suitable and fit for
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The environment can be a barrier, for example when residents are in the lounge area watching
television or participating with activities and staff are attempting to communicate effectively with
residents or other staff members, this can be a distraction for resident's and staff.
Outcome 2.1: Explain how you monitor the effectiveness of communication systems and practices
in your work place.
It is vital to monitor the effectiveness of communication systems and practices, within my job role I
monitor communication by asking verbal questions to ensure that information has been understood
and staff are made aware of what is required of them in regards to their working practices and roles
and responsibilities.
Formal communication is used during handover reports when I discuss resident's care needs with
staff I monitor the effectiveness of the communication methods to ensure that staff have understood
and have obtained the correct information, staff will ask questions if changes have been identified I
use this to determine that communication has been effective. Also when communicating with my
manager or other professionals any changes to residents care needs I monitor the effectiveness by
ensuring that information has been recorded either in resident's care plan, diary or emails.
When communicating with family members either by telephone/email or letter I monitor the
effectiveness by asking for feedback on the method used.
By

Global Position Systems : Conflict And Communication On...
TerraCog Global Position Systems: Conflict and Communication on Project Aerial Background
TerraCog Inc. is a company that specializes in high quality global position system and fishing sonar
equipment. Even though TerraCog is usually late to enter the market with new products, they always
outperform their competitors by having a higher quality product and better addressing the needs of
the consumer. In 2006, Posthaste, a rival company, introduced a GPS prototype called "BirdsI". At
the time, BirdsI was the only handheld GPS that contained satellite imagery. TerraCog did not see
any threat initially, an example of short–sightedness and complacency on management's part.
Eventually, wary of their lapse in judgment upon their rivals' sudden takeover of the handheld GPS
market, TerraCog President Richard Fiero made a push to launch a TerraCog version of BirdsI –
Project Aerial. Problems soon arose, however, when the costs of Aerial proved to be too burdensome
and uncompetitive. A decision had to be made immediately about the pricing and initial production
volume. The department managers squabbled in a series of highly contentious meeting over these
details, but reached no agreement. The head of the sales team, Ed Pryor, thought the price should be
below $425 to capture lost market share. The pricing team, however, estimated the price at $475.
This price was considered too high for the sales team to consider. In the end, the decision was up to
Emma Richardson, the new Executive

The Picture Exchange Communication System

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