Post independance architecture in india

1. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Post Independence Architecture
Ar. Hena Tiwari

2. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
The first train to Pakistan, which ran from Delhi to Lahore

3. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
The day India got its Independence!- 15th Aug 1947

4. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat

5. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Lord Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of India salutes the
Indian National Flag

6. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Dr. Rajendra Prasad, the First Indian President

7. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of the independent
India is widely known for his far vision, he was a modernist
who favored state intervention.
A new era of architecture began when the very famous
architect Le Corbusier was invited to design the capital of the
Punjab state, Chandigarh. Le Corbusier’s uncompromising
functionalism consciously broke with the past ‘historicism’ of
imperial architecture.

8. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Other invited architect, the very notable Louis Kahn
created the avant-garde architecture with the little spice of
the ‘Mughal’, in Ahmedabad.

9. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
POST INDEPENDENCE SCENARIO

10. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
India
and
Independence
Realization of freedom
in following fronts:
Cultural, political,
social, economic
These were the
yardsticks set for the
future development.

11. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Tagore
Gandhi
Nehru

12. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Gandhi / Tagore
Poorna Swaraj
Absolute belief in science and technology but passionate
about rural India.
Villages to be self dependent.
Local materials and local skills, cost effective
architecture.
Going back to roots.
Belief in traditional rural essence based in agriculture
production.

13. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Sabarmati Ashram, Sabarmati, Gujarat

14. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
NEHRU
Very Forward looking.
Interested in what science and
technology have to offer.
Strength of industrialization.
Believed in a liberal, modern,
progressive, industrialized India.

15. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Architecturally
Nehru, championed a vision of architecture that embraced
the current western centric practices namely modernism.
Knew Albert Mayer and approved the choice for a
foreign architect for planning Chandigarh
Revivalism had a limited role to play

16. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Tremendous sense of urgency to build
Newly independent country, required new infrastructure
Urbanization demanded creation of new cities and
towns
Chandigarh, Bhubaneshwar
Demand for new built form types: schools , hospitals
etc.

17. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Style of New India
Shaped by the sentiments of
_anti-colonialism
_patriotism
_revivalism
_traditionalism
As well as the sentiments of
_development
_modernity
_progress

18. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Architecture colleges based in cities like Bombay, Calcutta,
Madras.
British architects designing the buildings. Catholic influence.
Walter George, St. Stephens College, Delhi

19. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
Clients
Biggest client : Government
Public and semi-public bodies : HOUSING BOARDS,
improvement trusts, development authorities
Political leaders : who had interest in architecture.
Non- Govt. clients : Private trusts like TATA, business
houses and individuals

20. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
The Philosophies
1950 – witnessed battle of architecture ideologies
3 trends identified
1. Revivalism: going back to seek inspiration from the past
2. Modernism: according to western ideologies
3. Continuity: before independence, colonial style to be
continued

21. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
REVIVALISM
It was an immediate architectural response after the
independence.
It had replication of traditional forms.
Red Sand stone used
Trademark of colonial
Delhi.
B.E. Doctor, Ashoka Hotel,
New Delhi
Vidhan soudha, Bangalore

22. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
MODERNISM
Inspired by the contemporary spirit of the age.
Patronized by Nehru.
Advocated chiefly by America educated Indian architects
working for PWD.
Perceived as forward looking, symbolizing an awakened India.

23. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
ATIRA Building, Ahmedabad,
AP Kanvinde
New Secretariat Building, Calcutta
, Habib Rehman

24. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
CONTINUITY
Advocated by govt. builders like CPWD, and state PWD
Found favor with the older generation of architects
who were skeptical about modernism

25. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
National Museum, CPWD
,New Delhi
Supreme Court, CPWD
,New Delhi

26. Ar. Hena Tiwari/G.C.A.D,Sonipat
The battle of styles was won by
Modernism
With no less a person that the PM of India, Nehru, ruling in its
favor.
Nehru Invited Le- Corbusier to India to design the new capital
city of Punjab
CHANDIGARH…