Charles correa

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INDIA’S FIRST MAN OF ARCHITECTURE HAS A VERY SIMPLE
PHILOSOPHY-
“ UNLESS YOU BELIEVE IN WHAT YOU DO, IT BECOMES SO BORING”.
PLANNER, ACTIVIST, THEORTICIAN, CHARLES CORREA IS ONE OF THE
FEW CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTS WHO ADRESSES NOT ONLY ISSUES
OF ARCHITECTURE, BUT LOW- COST HOUSING AND URBAN PLANNING
AS WELL.

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CHARLES CORREA
INTRODUCTION
BORN IN HYDERABAD, INDIA ON SEPTEMBER 1,
1930.
Became fascinated with the principles of design as
a child .
At Michigan two professors who influenced him the
most - Walter Salders and Buckminister Fuller.
HE HAS BEEN AWARDED THE HIGHEST
HONOURS OF THE ARCHITECTURE
PROFESSION, INCLUDING THE AGA KHAN
AWARD FOR ARCHITECTURE, THE PRAEMIUM
IMPERIAL OF JAPAN, AND THE GOLD MEDALS OF
THE INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
(IUA) AND THE (RIBA).

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EDUCATION
1939 – 1946 St. Xavier’s High
School, Bombay
 1946 – 1948 St. Xavier’s
College, University of Bombay
1949 – 1953 University of
Michigan (B.Arch)
1953 – 1955 Massachusetts
Institute of Technology (M.Arch)

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 Correa's work in India shows a careful
development, understanding and
adaptation of Modernism to a non-western
culture.
 Correa's early works attempt to explore
a local vernacular within a modern
environment.
 Correa's land-use planning and
community projects continually try to go
beyond typical solutions to third world
problems.

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“CORREA FILLS THE ROLE OF ARCHITECT AS A COLLABORATOR
WITH THE PEOPLE. HIS DESIGNS GIVE THE LOCAL CRAFTSME A
CHANCE TO DO THEIR BEST WORK”.
-BRIAN CARTER, PROFESSOR
KEY TO CORREA’S APPROACH IS HIS
UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIQUE
CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS OF HIS
NATIVE COUNTRY.HE IDENTIFIES THE
HIERARCHICAL SYSTEM AS
CONSISTING OF FOUR MAJOR
ELEMENTS- SPACE NEEDED BY THE
FAMILY FOR PRIVATE USE,
NEIGHBOURHOOD SPACES AND
URBAN AREA OPEN SPACE USED BY
THE WHOLE CITY.
LOCAL DESIGN

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“ ARCHITECTURE IS MAGNIFICENT BECAUSE IT DEALS
WITH RECESSION OF THE MIND- WITH THAT WHICH IS
NOT YET SAID, AND NOT YET MADE.
CORREA STRESSES THE IMPORTANCE
OF HAVING OPEN TO SKY SPACES
WHERE FAMILIES CAN ENTERTAIN,
RELAX AND SLEEP.

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PHILOSOPHIES
His earlier projects were mainly based on
o Open-to-sky spaces
o Deep knowledge of the sense of
enclosure defined by surfaces.
o Purity of expression in his forms, use of
vernacular materials.
o Response to the Indian Climatology.
o Master in manipulating transition spaces

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According to him solution should be kept
as simple as possible, using only locally
available material, in technologies which
are almost timeless.

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Charles Correa starts every design with
the issues of climate-prime concern to us
in India. He worked in an Indian context
with its strong sunlight and plentiful labor.

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SELECTED WORKS
HANDLOOM PAVILOIN
PRAGATI MAIDAN (1958)
ECIL OFFICE
COMPLEX
HYDERABAD(1965-68)PREVI EXPERIMENTAL
HOUSING
PERU(1969-73)
KANCHANJUNGA
APARTMENTS
MUMBAI(1970-83)
JAWAHAR KALA KENDRA
JAIPUR(1986-92)

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KOVALAAM BEACH
RESORT
KERALA(1969-74)
LIC CENTRE
DELHI(1975-86)
GANDHI SMARAK
SANGRAHALAYA
AHEMDABAD(1958-63) CRAFTS MUESEUM
DELHI(1975)
VIDHAN BHAVAN
BHOPAL(1980-TO DATE)
BHARAT BHAVAN
BHOPAL(1975-81)

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CONSTRUCTION: 1958
LOCATION: PRAGATI MAIDAN
HANDLOOM PAVILION

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BRICK AND MUD WALLS GENERATE A SQUARE
PLAN FORMING A SIMPLE MULTILEVEL BOX,
THROUGH WHICH VISITORS MOVE AN EASY AND
CONTINUOUS FLOW.
THE ROOF OF THE WOOD
UMBRELLAS,COVERED WITH
HANDLOOM CLOTH,SUFFUSED
THE INTERNAL SPACE WITH AN
EVEN LIGHT.
THIS TEMPORARY PAVILION DESIGNED AND BUILT IN SIX MONTHS WAS THE
FIRST COMPLETED WORK OF THE OFFICE.

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GANDHI SMARAK SANGRAHALAY
CONSTRUCTION:1958-63
LOCATION :
AHMEDABAD

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SITE PLAN

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THIS MEMORIAL MUSEUM IS ERECTED IN THE SABARMATI ASHRAM
WHERE MAHATMA GANDHI RESIDED FROM 1917-30.
BUILT IN HOMAGE TO THE MAHATMA,AND TO PROMOTE HIS IDEAS ,
IT HOUSES LETTERS,PHOTOGRAPHS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS
WHICH TRACE THE FREEDOM MOVEMENT LAUNCHED BY GANDHIJI.

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•MATERIALS USED ARE TILED
ROOFS ,BRICK piers ,STONE
FLOORS , WOODEn DOORS.
•THE ONLY ADDITION ARE THE RCC CHANNELS WHICH ACT AS BEAMS
AND AS RAINFALL CONDUITS AND WHICH PERMIT ADDITIONAL
CONSTRUCTION TO BE ADDED IN FUTURE.
•NO GLASS WINDOWS ARE USED ANYWHERE IN THE BUILDING.
•LIGHT AND VENTILATION BEING PROVIDED BY OPERABLE WOODEN
LOUVERS.

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ECIL OFFICE COMPLEX
LOCATION:HYDERABAD

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THE CLIENT WANTED A WORKSPACE
WHICH, THROUGH ITS VERY FORM,
GENERATES A CONTROLLED MICRO -
CLIMATE,OBVIATING THE NECESSITY FOR
AIR CONDITIONING.
IT WAS BUILT FOR DR. SARABHAI.

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TO MINIMISE THE HEAT INPUT, THE UNITS ARE SEALED ALONG THE EAST;
ON THE WEST(WHICH ENJOYS A PANORAMIC VIEW OF THE
SURROUNDING LANDSCAPE) SHADE IS PROVIDE BY THE LARGE ROOF
OVERHANG-CONSISTING PARTLY OF A SLATED PERGOLA AND PARTLY OF
A THIN MEMBRANE OF A WATER WHICH REFLECTS THE INCIDENT HEAT
OF SUNLIGHT BACK INTO THE SKY.

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PREVI EXPERIMENTAL HOUSING
CONSTUCTION:1969-73
LOCATION:LIMA,PERU

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13 INTERNATIONAL ARCHITECTS WERE INVITED TO SUBMIT
DESIGNS IN A LIMITED COMPETITION FOR A PROTOTYPICAL
HOUSING COMPLEX OF 1500 HOUSES.
EACH HOUSE HAS TO BE INCREMENTAL,CAPABLE OF
ACCOMODATING UPTO 10 PERSONS INCLUDING GRAND PARENTS.

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THIS UNITS 3M WIDE BROADEN TO 6 METRES AT THE CENTRE IN AN
INTERLOCKING PATTERN.
ALL UNITS HAVE VEHICULAR ACCESS
FROM ONE END AND A PORCH
CONNECTING THE COMMUNITY
SPINE AT THE OTHER.
THE COMMON-WALL BETWEEN UNITS
WAS MODIFIED TO A ZIG-ZAG TO MAKE
IT EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT

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NATIONAL CRAFTS MUSEUM
LOCATION: DELHI

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THIS CRAFTS MUSEUM, CASUAL
AND ACCEPTING OF THE ARTISAN’S
VERNACULAR, IS ORGANISED
AROUND A CENTRAL PATHWAY,
GOING FROM VILLAGE TO TEMPLE
TO PALACE.
A METAPHOR FOR THE INDIAN
STREET-INFACT,FOR INDIA HERSELF
FOR ALL THESE DIFFERENT KINDS
OF CRAFTS HAVE ALWAYS CO-
EXISTED DOWN THE CENTURIES.

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ONE CAN VISIT ANY PARTICULAR
EXHIBIT, OR ALTERNATELY,
PROGRESS THROUGH ALL THE
VARIOUS SECTIONS IN A
CONTINUOUS SEQUENCE .
WALKING ALONG THIS SPINE, ONE
CATCHES GLIMPSES OF THE
PRINCIPLE EXHIBITS THAT LIE ON
EITHER SIDE (THE VILLAGE
COURT , DARBAR COURT,ETC).

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TOWARDS THE END OF THE SEQUENCE, THE EXHIBITS GET LARGER
AND INCLUDE FRAGMENTS OF ACTUAL BUILDINGS-SINCE THE
CRAFTS OF INDIA HAVE ALWAYS BEEN AN ESSENTIAL ELEMENT OF
HER ARCHITECTURE.
FINALLY ONE EXITS VIA THE ROOF TERRACES- WHICH FORM AN
AMPHITHEATRE FOR FOLK DANCERS, AS WELL AS AN OPEN-AIR
DISPLAY FOR LARGE TERROCATA HORSE AND OTHER HANDICRAFT.
LESS THAN THE TOTAL OF THE HALF FLOOR AREA OF 5500SQM IS
OPEN TO THE PUBLIC; THE REST OF THE COLLECTION IS STORED IN
SPECIAL AREAS FOR THE USE OF THE VERY FINEST CRAFTSMEN
WHO ARE SELECTED FROM ALL OVER INDIA TO COME AN STUDY
THESE ARCHES.

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PLAN

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KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS
Location : Cumballa Hills,
Mumbai, India
CONSTRUCTION: 1970 -1983
Building Type: skyscraper
multifamily housing,
apartment tower
Construction System: concrete
Climate: hot
Context: urban
Style: ModERN

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Interlocking of these variations expressed
externally by shear end walls that hold up the
cantilevers.
The building is a square in plan,
21mx21m, and 85m high- thus
forming a tower with the width/height
proportion of 1:4.
This building has 32 different
apartments with 4 types of flats
varying from
3 to 6 bedrooms.

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Every unit has an open to sky terrace of
10m partially protected by a pergola for
sitting out during the mornings and
evenings, and for sleeping out at night.
Along east and west faces, each apartment
is protected by a zone of verandahs and
bathrooms- which gives two line of defense
against the elements and of course by the
large terrace garden in the corner, which
forms the focus for the whole apartment.

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The various types
of houses

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‘Vidhan Bhavan is a public building which should say something very
powerful about democracy, It is a building which has got to down with the
idea of governing yourself. It has to express the role it has to play and tell
people that this is your city, this is your state and you must participate in it, It
must not be low-key. It should have a presence.’
- Charles Correa
Charles Correa won the prestigious AGA KHAN award for this project in
1999.

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VIDHAN BHAWAN
LOCATION:,MADHYA PRADESH
Construction: 1984-1996
PUBLIC
ENTRANCE
COURT OF
PEOPLE
CENTRAL HALL
COURTYARD
LEGISLATOR’S ENTRY
MINISTER’S OFFICE
LIBRARY
CABINET ROOM
VIDHAN PARISHAD
LEGISLATOR’S
FOYER
VIP ENTRANCE
VIDHAN SABHA
REFLECTING
POOL
COMBINED HALL

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1. PUBLIC ENTRANCE
2. VIDHAN SABHA
3. VIP ENTRANCE
4. VIDHAN PARISHAD
5. LIBRARY
6. LEGISLATOR’S ENTRANCE
7. COMBINED HALL
4
27
5
Roof plan is punctured with
the openings of the five
interior courtyard and
punctuated by the dome of the
Vidhan Sabha. The circular
plan contains Charles
Correa’s concept of gardens
within, around which the
legislative halls and offices
are arranged.

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SECTION AA
SECTION BB
KEY PLAN

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The circulation is always along the edges of the courtyards, for light and fresh air .The public is separated
from assembly members for security reasons.
Passages provided
in open space
Ramp form court of the people to
Vidhan Sabha
Passage around the courtyard
Pergola over Chief Minister
courtyard

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Satellite view of Vidhan
Bhawan.
Study model of Vidhan
Bhawan.

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ElevationsPublic Entrance
VIP Entrance
Partial model view of public
entrance, the central court and the
Vidhan Sabha.

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The whole building presents as extremely pleasing vision of powerful
curves and straight vertical and horizontal lines.

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Kovalam Beach
Resort
LOCATION: MUMBAI

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Accommodates 300 guests , centers for massages and yoga, water sport etc.
The facilities had to be deployed in the manner which would create a critical
mass for each activity and at a time open up several strategic points on the
site so as to increase future growth options.
The master plan there fore
does not concentrate all the
facilities in one area ,
but generate a large number of
potential growth points, thus
allowing a more flexible response
to future demands .

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The guest rooms come in 3
configurations-:
1. On the edge of the beach hidden
under the palm trees . They are
suits for longer stay with cooking
facilities etc.
2. overlooking the beach there are
100 guests rooms. Here the
facilities are such that every
room gets its own private
sundeck..
3. Between these two are private
detach units .

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Construction is in traditional vernacular of Kerala-: plaster walls with red
tiled roofs.
Other pavilion consists of little bamboo chhatries with coir matins on the
floor and local Kerala handicrafts.

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Sections Of The Beach Resort

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Some Views.......

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The life insurance corporation (lic) office complex “jeevan
bharti”, was commisioned in 1975 and completed in 1986.
I
LIFE INSURANCE CORPORATION, DELHI

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 Red sandstone used on the façade.
 It presents a neutral south façade punctured
regularly by square openings and respond to an
archetype urban open space with a dramatic
composition of elements.
 The two blocks and the triangular masonary piers
define the typical urban block as a stage set with
drama.
TRIANGULAR PIERS
SUPPORTING PERGOLA

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 Lic complex is situated on the outer road of the connaught
circle as a critical site between two major arteries :parliament
street and janpath.

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The two lower levels of the complex
consist of shopping decks and restaurants
the upper office levels form separate wings
focused on a central open space of
gardens and patios.
The whole is connected by a great pergola
98 meters long, supported dry winds is
provided by the trees and running water in
the central community space.

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MAIN ENT. SHOWING SHOPS

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DETAIL OF GLASS
CURTAIN WALL SET IN
SANDSTONE
CENTRAL CONCRETE COLUMN
DETAIL OF PERGOLA
ABOVE THE COLUMN

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BHARAT BHAVAN
LOCATION:BHOPAL

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THE SITE OF THIS ART CENTRE IS ON A GENTLY SLOPING HILL
OVERLOOKING THE LAKE IN BHOPAL.
THE NATURAL CONTOURS OF THE SITE HAS BEEN USED TO
CRATE A SERIES OF TERRACED GARDENS AND SUNKEN
COURTYARDS.

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LIGHTING AND VENTILATION
WITHIN THE BUILDING ARE
PROVIDED BY TOP LIGHTS
(FROM THE CONCRETE SHELLS
AND FROM SLOTS ALONG THE
TERRACE PARAPITS).
IN ADDITION, THE OPENINGS TO THE
COURTYARDS AND TERRACES HAVE TWO
SET OF SHUTTERS: THE INNER ONES
CONSISTING OF A COMBINATION OF
FIXED GLASS AND OPERABLE PANELS
FOR LIGHT AND VENTILATION; THE OUTER
ONES CONSISTING OF LARGE WOODEN
DOORS, CLOSED AT NIGHT FOR
SECURITY.

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CHARLES CORREA
THANK YOU
SUBMITTED BY:
KIRTI
DIPESH
SHIVANI

Charles correa

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