Controversy Surrounding The Use Of Contraception

Controversy Surrounding the Use of Contraception
Introduction
From the time when it became available the near the beginning of the 1960s, oral contraceptives,
commonly called "the pill," have opened possibilities that had were shut to females for all of times
gone by. Possibly more than any other sole factor, the pill has made it likely for women to be in
charge of of their own lives and to attain their prospects. Nowadays, 100 million women all over the
world use the pill. Nonetheless, there are emergencies ensuing from rape or failure to use
contraceptive plans. There are in addition emergencies ensuing from accidental consensual sex. In
spite of everything, the human sexual desire was fashioned by evolution to guarantee procreation,
and it works extremely fine. Given the correct psychological stimulants, pretty much everyone,
counting presidents of the United States and well–known religious leaders, will jeopardize it all for
an illicit sexual rendezvous (Drazen, et al. 2004). To be adamant that society rely exclusively on
self–restraint more willingly than contraception is to refute a nature beside which the gods
themselves are unable to compete. The whole history of humanity can be interpreted as evidence to
the influence of that nature.
Plan B was produced to cover emergencies, no matter what their reason. It turned out to be
obtainable by prescription in 1999. Millions of women have ever since found Plan B to be harmless
and efficient if ingested after intercourse but sooner than a spermatozoon enters the membrane
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Essay on Egyptian Art and Culture
Egyptian Art and Culture
Current scholarship generally acknowledges that art does not exist in a vacuum. Rather, art is an
expression of the culture which creates it, revealing common beliefs, aspirations, and feelings.
Within the vein of "cultural art history" the true nature of ancient Egypt has become the focus of
much questioning. Much has been said regarding this ancient civilization within the context of the
continent of
Africa. The focus has not been merely geographic–although some scholars contend that the physical
location of Egypt has been all but overlooked. At the core of this controversy is the issue of ethnicity
and culture. What was the identity of the people who built and populated ancient Egypt?1
Many scholars decry the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Shu and Tefnut, representing Space in its dual aspects, male and female, were of the first generation.
They in turn
"engendered Geb and Nut"–earth and sky, who "gave birth to Osiris,
Horus, Seth, Isis, and Nepthys and they "gave birth to the multitudes of this world."4
In another version, the creation was understood in its first state as metaphysical, attributed to Atum.
On the spectrum, creation progressed each step closer toward matter. Myth often relates the story of
Ptah, the divine blacksmith, who "brought materialization to the entities created by Atum." And, to
Khnum, the divine potter, who modeled men and things from clay on his potter's wheel.5
It is within this framework that the Egyptians conceived of what it meant to be human. A distinction
was made between the aspects of a human being of that which was eternal and that which was
subject to cycles of death and rebirth. According to funerary texts, humans are composed of a mortal
body, called the "kha," and three immortal elements known as the "akh," "ba," and "ka." These have
been translated as the spirit, soul, and double. More current interpretation assigns a less specified
role for each entity.
Regardless of the translation, an understanding of the concept of creation by the divine, imparting
multiple aspects to each being was necessary to the Egyptian use of art to represent themselves and
deities. The personification of the

The Role Of Dna Analyst On The Rights Of The Defendant
The goals of science are to make sure that the goods and services they provide are of value to the
community, enhance knowledge, discredit false information or beliefs, and most importantly to keep
a record through documentation so that others can benefit from the knowledge obtained as well (1).
The role of the DNA analyst is also, in part, to protect the rights of the defendant. The DNA analyst
contributes to the trial process in that their job is to analyze evidence, according to set guidelines
and procedures can sway jurors or a judge. The results from the analyst's analysis can be entered
into the court in compliance with the defendant's right to view the evidence, a process called
discovery. When they testify, they are in compliance with the defendant's right to confront their
accusers. The right to a fair trial conducted in a competent manner, right to be present at trial, right
to an impartial jury, and right to be heard in one's own defense is a part of the defendant's right to
due process.
Discovery is as defined in Butler 2012 is the legal process whereby information and materials
relating to the prosecution of a defendant in an upcoming trial are shared between the prosecution
team, for instance, law enforcement, crime laboratory, prosecuting attorney, and the defense counsel
(1). The guidelines of discovery are outlined by the laws of the federal and state governments. The
prosecution must share every element of their case against the defendant with the

Miranda Vs Arizona Case Study
Case Study of Miranda vs. Arizona Professor Naumoski POL 1113 Fall 2014 By Sachet Khanal The
Supreme Court has been playing a very important role in the governmental system of United States
since a long time. The Constitution has awarded it a great deal of power to keep the actions of the
President and Congress in check and maintain the balance of power. It has the responsibility of
providing equal justice under the law and protecting the civil rights of the citizens. Some of the
decisions the court makes are so significant that it alters the social order of the society. Various types
of cases has been examined by the Supreme Court and it might be tough to determine which of those
cases are worth investigating. Many of the cases ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Arizona case made a huge impact on the law enforcement and court system in US. The decision
made by the court in this case established the footwork for many of the current principles governing
criminal interrogation, and protection of peoples' rights. The Miranda rights established from the
court rulings might sometimes even let a criminal walk out free or with a lighter sentence if the
police fails to cite the rights of the convict, while other times it servers to fulfill its main purpose of
preserving civil rights and liberties. The rulings of this court cases is still up for a lot of debate and
will like remain an active topic of discussion for many court cases in the future. Works Cited
Bovsun, Mara. "Bury her for Christmas: How the murder of Pamela Powers, 10, reached Supreme
Court." New York Daily News 16 Dec. 2012. Web. 30 Nov 2014. Cassell, Paul G. "Protecting The
Innocent From False Confessions And Lost Confessions – And From Miranda." Journal Of Criminal
Law & Criminology 88.2 (1998): 497–556. Academic Search Complete. Web. 2 Nov. 2014.
Crawford, Kimberly A. "Invoking The Miranda Right To Counsel." FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin
64.3 (1995): 27. Academic Search Complete. Web. 30 Nov. 2014. Gavett, Gretchen. "A Rare Look
at the Police Tactics That Can Lead to False Confessions." Frontline 9 Dec. 2014. Web. 2 Nov 2014.
Leo, Richard A. "The Impact Of Miranda Revisited." Journal Of Criminal Law & Criminology 86.3
(1996): 621. Academic

Apush Chapter 13 Outline
I. Chapter 13: The Rise of a Mass Democracy a. The "Corrupt Bargain" of 1824 i. Four candidates
1. John Quincy Adams of Massachusetts 2. Henry Clay of Kentucky 3. William H. Crawford of
Georgia 4. Andrew Jackson of New Orleans ii. Political identities still fuzzy iii. Neither of them won
majority of electoral votes so to follow constitution the House of Representatives chose 1. b/c of this
Henry Clay was eliminated b/c he was speaker of the house iv. Clay convinced house to elect Adams
who made clay secretary of state v. Many thought a corrupt bargain had taken place b/c Jackson had
received popular vote b. A Yankee Misfit in the White House i. In his first message as pres. Adams
urged congress to start construction of roads and canals ii. Renewed ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
"Old Hickory" as President i. Jackson dealt with dysentery, malaria, tuberculosis, and lead poisoning
ii. 1st pres. from the west iii. 1st pres. nominated at a formal party convention (1832) iv. 2nd pres.
without college education e. The Spoils System i. When democrats rose to power in white house
Spoils system was created 1. Spoils system–replacing people in offices with common men 2. These
men were illiterate and incompetent 3. It rewarded political supporters f. The Tricky "Tariff of
Abominations" i. 1824, general tariff increased by congress ii. Black tariff, tariff of abominations, or
Yankee tariff, 1828 1. Southerners did not like b/c they felt it discriminated them iii. 1822, Denmark
Vesey led a slave rebellion 1. In Charleston south Carolina iv. John C. Calhoun published South
Carolina Exposition in 1828 1. Pamphlet that denounced Tariff of 1828 as unjust and
unconstitutional g. "Nullies" in the South i. Tariff of 1832 passed to meet the South's demands 1.
Was slightly lower that tariff of 1828 ii. South Carolina state legislature called for a Columbia
convention 1. The delegates then called for the tariff to be void within the state 2. Threatened to take
SC out of the union is gov. tried to collect by

President Andrew Jackson Essay
President AJ Andrew Jackson was born in 1767, and grew up in the border of North and South
Carolina. He attended frontier schools and acquired the reputation of being fiery–tempered and
willing to fight all comers. He also learned to read, and he was often called on by the community to
read aloud the news from the Philadelphia papers.
In 1775, with the beginning of the American Revolution, Andrew Jackson, then only 13 years old
became an orderly and messenger. He took part in the Battle of Hanging Rock against the British
and in a few small skirmishes with British sympathizers known as Loyalists or Tories. His brother
Hugh was killed, and when the British raided Waxhaw, both he and Robert were captured. Because
Jackson refused to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After one year in the, Jackson moved to the Senate, the other chamber of the Congress of the United
States. He served from September 1797 to April 1798 and then retired to private life.
During the years of 1804 to 1812, Jackson settled, with his wife in his home – retiring indefinately.
Although Jackson was active in local politics, he took little interest in national affairs. The one
exception was his brief involvement with the so–called Burr conspiracy. Former Vice President
Aaron Burr, determined to restore his personal fortunes, convinced Jackson that he had government
backing to lead a filibustering expedition into Mexico. Jackson agreed to build him some boats, but
when he realized that Burr and his group were acting entirely on their own, he immediately dropped
his connection with the scheme. Jackson's hot temper involved him in a number of feuds and duels.
Many of them were caused by remarks made about his marriage. The duel with Charles Dickinson
in 1806 stands out as an example of Jackson's characteristic refusal even to acknowledge the
possibility of defeat. Jackson let his opponent fire first, because Dickinson was a faster and better
shot. Allowing himself time to take deliberate aim, Jackson planned to kill his man with a single
bullet, even "if he had shot me through the brain." Thus, Jackson took a bullet in the chest and,
without flinching, calmly killed his man. Jackson was also

Media and Television
The V–Chip and TV Parental Guidelines
During the last decade, media ratings have been used as a means of addressing concerns about
"objectionable" or potentially harmful media content. Politicians, entertainment industry leaders,
and parents alike have turned to media ratings as a "middle ground" to such concerns somewhere
between direct government censorship and not addressing the issue at all. While movie ratings have
been in place for several decades, there was a trend in adoption of a rating system for media such as
television. The advent of content blocking categories technologies, such as the V–chip, which
requires some form of attendant rating system to be useful, has furthered spurred this trend. There is
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When the television receives this code, channels displaying inappropriate programming, will display
an "unauthorized to receive message" on the screen. Time Magazine reported the chip itself was not
cheap when it was first developed since it cost the Shaw Cablesystems 300,000 dollars in September
1994. (Dickson 1999 p80) Basically the V–chip that will on the surface that will protects kids from
violence or other inappropriate shows by blocking it out when the chip reads the code. Yet this
expensive chip will not have the capabilities to define the difference between the violence in
"Schindler's List" and "Friday the Thirteen".
The rating system called the "TV Parental Guidelines." Works in conjunction with the V–Chip,
represented by little wad of letter and numbers that looks like an eye chart and periodically pops up
in the corner of you screen.
Since 1997, shows have been rated in seven categories, ranging from TV–Y, suitable for all children,
to TV–Ma, which stands for "mature audience." Rating icons appear on the screen during the first
fifteen seconds of a program and are also noted in some TV listings. In addition, there was talk
about having a "content label" that would have appeared as an extra letter tacked onto the icon for
example V for violence. (Gunther 1998 p.64) The letters themselves seem confusing because it does
contain

Unit 12 Business Plan
1
11
Yiyin Wang
Unit Plan
April 27, 2016
Part 1: Overall Concept–Based Unit Plan Description
Grade Level: Kindergarten level
Unit Title: Animals of the Desert.
This two–week unit will focus on introducing children about desert animals to enable them to
distinguish between wild animals and desert creatures. It is a hands–on approach to teaching where
aridity life is described through education, drawing shapes of the animals and making cuttings of the
shapes.
Appropriateness of the Unit in Development of Leaners
This unit is meaningful for children because it exposes students to a different environment and the
characteristics of their unfamiliar environments. Meanwhile, it will encourage students to compare
with their living environment. This unit focuses is on science, technology, social studies and arts. In
additional, the unit helps young children to develop problem–solving and thinking skills through
observation and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Flashcards are necessary for the recapitulation of concepts without the need for aid from the
teachers. As such, students will visit the flashcards during their free time and remind themselves of
the teachings.
Reference
Hill, Peter. Oral language. In developing early literacy : assessment and teaching. South Yarra:
Eleanor Curtain Publishing., 2012.
Sadler–Smith, Eugene and Carol Evans. Learning styles in education and training. 2nd. Bradford,
England: Emerald Group Publication, 2012.
Washington, L. "A contextual analysis of caregivers of children with disabilities." Journal of Human
Behavior in the Social Environment 19.5 (2011): 554–571.
Drake, Susan M., and Burns, Rebecca Crawford. Meeting Standards through Integrated Curriculum.
USA: Virginia. 2014
Dick, K. Educational Assessment Without High–Stakes Testing. Houston Gifted Education
Examiner. August.
Wheatley, K. F. The Evidence for Big–Picture Education. Handout

bus 101 Essay
SM C101 Chapter 1 Page 29 Internet Questions
1. Visit the websites of companies like Wal–Mart, Dell and Home Depot, and see if you can find
discussions of their supply chain management activities. List information you can find on
purchasing/supplier issues, logistics, information systems, quality and customer service.
Purchasing/supplier issues: Wal–Mart always emphasized the need to reduce its purchasing costs
and offer the best price to its customers. The company procured goods directly from manufacturers,
bypassing all intermediaries. Wal–Mart was a tough negotiator on prices and finalized a purchase
deal only when it was fully confident that the products being bought were not available elsewhere at
a lower price. Wal–Mart spent a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to the Wal–Mart website, Wal–Mart trains its employees on excellent customer skills.
Wal–Mart believes that if customers gets what they want at a good price, this will keep them coming
back to the store.
2. Search on the term supply chain management. How many hits did you get? Describe five of the
websites found in your search.
How many hits?– only 247,000,000
5 of the websites––What is Supply Chain Management? Describing what supply chain management
is. –– The hot new M.B.A.: Supply–Chain Management. Goes into how universities have recently
introduced undergraduate majors for supply chain management. –– Council of Supply Chain
management Professionals: Homepage. They provide education, research, connections for supply
chain management. –– Module 1: What is Supply Chain Management? It's a YouTube video
introducing viewers to the field of SCM. –– Supply Chain Management Certificate. Describes what
SCM is and offers advanced professional supply chain management certificate.
3. Go to www.agrichain–centre.com (or a similar website found when searching on New Zealand
supply chain management), and discuss the current state of supply chain (or value chain)
management in New Zealand.
– I went to the site I didn't see anything on the current state of supply mgmt..
4. Search for the term bullwhip effect and write a paper on the impacts of the bullwhip

Bibliographic Essay on African American History
Bibliographic Essay on African American History Introduction
In the essay "On the Evolution of Scholarship in Afro– American History" the eminent historian
John Hope Franklin declared "Every generation has the opportunity to write its own history, and
indeed it is obliged to do so."1 The social and political revolutions of 1960s have made fulfilling
such a responsibility less daunting than ever. Invaluable references, including Darlene Clark Hine,
ed. Black Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia 2nd ed. (New York: Oxford University
Press, 2004); Evelyn Brooks Higgingbotham, ed., Harvard Guide to African American History
(Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001); Arvarh E. Strickland and Robert E. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
3

Morgan, American Slavery American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial
Virginia (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1975), offers a cogent explanation of the anomaly
while T. H. Breen and Stephen
Innes, "Myne Owne Ground": Race and Freedom on Virginia 's Eastern
Shore, 1640–1676 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1980) personify the changing status of
Africans in the Old Dominion.
Kenneth Morgan's Slavery and Servitude in Colonial North America:
A Short History (Washington Square: New York University Press,
2000) covers much of the same argument as Morgan but includes a larger geographical region. Most
general sources contain limited discussions of enslaved women, especially in the North, but Nell
Irving Painter,
Sojourner Truth: A Life, A Symbol (New York: W. W. Norton &
Company, 1996); C. W. Larison, Sylvia Dubois, A Biography of the
Slave who Whipt her Mistres and Gand her Fredom (New York: Oxford
University Press, 1988), and Kenneth E. Marshall, "Work, Family and Day–to–Day Survival on an
Old Farm: Nance Melick, a Rural
Late Eighteenth– and Early Nineteenth–century New Jersey Slave
Woman," Slavery and Abolition 19 (December 1998): 22–45, help to eradicate the void. The
incongruent existence of

Thurgood Marshall Essay
Thurgood Marshall During the 20th century I have read many books, newspaper articles and seen
news broadcasts on two of the most famous Afro American Pioneers: Martin Luther King and
Thurgood Marshall. Martin Luther King fought all his life for equal rights for Afro Americans, but
Thurgood Marshall help elevate the Afro American civil rights struggles through legal precedents
and timely court decisions. Thomas G. Kraftenmaker a professor of Constitutional law at
Georgetown University Law Center wrote, "When I think of great American lawyers I think of
Thurgood Marshall, Abe Lincoln and Daniel Webster". In this century only Earl Warren approaches
Marshall. Thurgood Marshall is certainly the most important lawyer of the 20th century. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By 1934 Thurgood begins work for The NAACP. In 1935 Thurgood and his friend and mentor
Charles Huston won their first civil rights case Murray v. Pearson. Today most Afro Americans don't
realize how important a role Thurgood played in shaping the legal precedents for school segregation.
Thurgood hated the ideal of our young and proud Afro Americans boys and girls having to travel
outside their school districts just to attend colored schools, because their local elementary and high
schools were not segregated. . Thurgood fought hard and vigorously to bring about a change in
elementary and high school segregation. In 1954 Thurgood conquers a big milestone in winning his
famous case Brown v. The Board of Education, of Topeka Kansas. The United States Supreme Court
ruled that all elementary and high schools will be segregated. From 1940–1960s Thurgood's name
became a main stayed within the Afro American Communities. Afro Americans from many cities
would call upon Thurgood for his services. Thurgood would work for free, just to help and defend
his people. Then in February 1955 Thurgood's wife Vivan became very ill from cancer, and she
eventually died. Thurgood was so saddened that he remained single for two years. Thurgood then
met and eventually married his second wife Cecilia Suyat. (Born as a Philippine). Cecilia was a
secretary for The NAACP Office. Thurgood and Cecilia had two sons: Thomas Jr. and John.
Thurgood's biggest

Client Oriented Research Question : Why Male Perpetrators...
Client Oriented Research Question If male perpetrators of domestic violence are entered into
diversion programs or given jail time (no treatment), which will result in a reduction of recidivism?
Search Process The first step in generating research related to a client oriented research question is
to begin searching for articles related to a client oriented research question that will help logically
answer or provide evidence directed towards a research question. The search process strategy I used
was, the bottom–up strategy. Using this strategy, I searched for all research that pertained to my
research question. After, finding as much research as possible, I began to read and critique the
information provided in the articles. Once, I found the most logical articles that related to my
research question, I was able to decide how I wanted to use them in my research to show evidence–
based practices relating to my research question. To begin this process, a researcher would use
logical search terms to search databases. It is important not to limit research by just "relying on the
"magic" of the computer" (Rubin & Babbie, 2014, p. 165). For example, it is important to take
advantage of advanced searches when searching for research and articles on databases in order to,
"specify a set of words, indicating that all must appear in an article–or just some of them" (Rubin &
Babbie, 2014, p. 165). This being said, it is helpful to use Boolean operators to narrow database
searches or

Era Of Good Feelings Dbq
After the War of 1812, the nation underwent the Era of Good Feelings, which reflected a sense of
nationalism and desire for unity among Americans. Monroe's presidency was closely associated with
this brief period of nationalism, where he began progress towards nationalization, and the collapse
of the Federalist party served to unify the government under a single political party.
Letter grade: B+
Around the time of Monroe's presidency, America experienced the "Era of Good Feelings" in 1815.
Victories during the War of 1812 instilled a new sense of confidence and brought many new
opportunities for Americans.
The "Era of Good Feelings" brought about a trend toward nationalization, inspired by the national
pride that arose from the War of 1812. The war made Monroe realize the necessity to promote
national growth, preparing to legislate them though John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay's American
System.
The Hartford Convention doomed the Federalist party, who had been significantly weakened by
now. The Federalist party continued to fade during Monroe's administration, and lacked the
influence it once had ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
products. Manufacturing industries in the North benefited from this tariff, since they no longer had
to compete with cheap British goods, but negatively affected the southern states, with mostly
planters that relied on imports. Congress forced Adams to choose between a stronger protective
tariff than he would've preferred, to having no tariff at all, so Adams chose the tariff. The Tariff of
1828 was denounced as unconstitutional and oppressive, called the "Tariff of Abominations" by the
Virginia legislature. Even Vice President John C. Calhoun condemned the tariff and drafted the
South Carolina Exposition, which declared that it was in the states' rights to nullify federal laws that
were blatantly harming the state's best

Can Officers Effectively Prosecute Domestic Violence...
When prosecuting criminal domestic violence cases too many officers constructed their entire case
only on statements made by the victim. However, "victims of domestic violence are more likely than
victims of other violent crime to recant or refuse to cooperate in prosecutorial efforts" (Breitenbach,
2008, p. 1256). Officers must consider that victims of domestic violence may refuse to testify
because of fear of retaliation, intimidation, financial dependence, emotional attachment, and/or
because they reunited with the batterer. If the victim refused to testify during court, their statement
against the abuser becomes hearsay evidence. Several recent cases have had a huge influence on
how those statements and hearsay evidence may be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, any out of court statements made by witnesses and/or victims to law enforcement must be
excluded unless the defendant had prior opportunity to cross–examine the unavailable witnesses
(Byrom, 2005). The only non–testimonial statements that would be utilized in court, without direct
testimony from the witness and/or complainant, were the taped 911 phone calls reporting the
incident. If the victim testified, their previous statements would be allowed as evidence without
limitation because the witness was subjected to cross–examination. However, if the victim refused
to testify, any testimonials made to law enforcement were not allowed as evidence in the court
proceedings.
In light of these legal changes, officers needed to construct their domestic violence cases under the
assumption that the victim would not be participating in the prosecution. The case commenced at the
time the call was received by dispatch up until the case was presented to a judge or jury. Therefore,
officers needed to complete the proper procedures to secure recordings of the calls made to the 911
dispatch center to report the domestic situation. In addition to having the subject, victim and/or
witnesses complete written and/or video statements, the officer must diligently identify, collect, and
photograph evidence at the crime scene (Ellison, 2002). This required officers to visit the victim
several days later to photograph bruising, because some bruising

English Language Learners Lit. Review
Classroom Engagement, Home Connections, and ELL Students
Angela Johnson
Washington State University
Literature Review
This literature review is my work in progress for my master`s final project at Washington State
University. My chair Dr.Tom Salsbury recommended some of the articles that I included in this
literature review. The key words are engagement, motivation, English language Learners, reading,
struggling readers, parent involvement, home literacy, literacies, home–school connections, and
funds of knowledge.
Introduction
Of all student populations (aside from participants in Special Education programs), English
Language Learners (ELLs) face the most academic challenges–especially on standardized
evaluations emphasizing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I have noticed students have a short concentration span (of approximately 4 or 5 minutes) when
doing academic activities. During math exercises, ELLs have also showed that it can be particularly
difficult to solve basic addition, subtraction and multiplication when compared to the other students
in class.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that shape my students' attitudes towards literacy
and numeracy. I am especially interested in investigating home–school connections to explore the
influence of family and community literacy practices on my students' academic development.
Taking these factors into consideration, I want to see how an intervention based on the integration of
home–based skills and activities in the classroom affects the students' motivation when doing
academic activities. A specific intervention that can be applied includes having ELL students assist
in the designing of classroom activities based on their interests.
Background Theory literacy instruction. Cummins (2011) highlights research evidence that suggests
that schools can significantly reduce the negative academic effects that abound in socioeconomically
disadvantaged contexts (Kozal, 1992, 2006) by ensuring that students have access to a rich print–
environment and become actively engaged with literacy. Cummins' (2011) work implies that
policies designed to ensure that low–income and ELL

Essay Business Ethics
The stockholder and stakeholder theories are two popular frameworks used to examine the purpose
of business and its ethical obligations. With reference to the quote above, both theories seem rational
and enjoy strong support. However, a common failing of both is typically how humans interpret and
implement the theories in contemporary business environments. For instance, Enron was so focused
on the raising the price of their stock that they "cooked the books to produce fake profits"1. This
paper will provide a description of each theory and, analyze ethical justifications and major
objections to each theory. The ethical justifications will be based on pertinent examples – policies
and actions, of businesses such as Wal–Mart. Based on this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The stock chart below illustrates how Wal–Mart, one of the companies seen as being stockholder
focused, has benefited its stockholders immensely over the last three decades. Ethical theories
provide adequate support for the stockholder theory as detailed below. Entitlement theory maintains
that if someone acquires resources by just means they are entitled to those resources. Stockholders
who acquire ownership of a business by investing in it are therefore the owners of the business and
entitled to its profits. The entitlement theory also states that benefiting other stakeholders at the
expense of stockholder dividends is akin to stealing. Year after year, it has been quoted that "Wal–
Mart pays low wages and appears to aggressively seek to keep wages down"2. In this respect, Wal–
Mart's policy on employee wages seems to indicate that they respect the stockholder rights over
those of their employees. Utilitarianism theory holds the view that profit maximization directly or
indirectly maximizes benefits for the greatest number of people. Wal–Mart uses its retail clout to
bring the lowest possible prices to its customers and "the giant retailer is at least partly responsible
for the low rate of U.S. inflation"3. Wal–Mart's legendary toughness in dealing with suppliers forces
them to improve every aspect of their operations and this can help profit growth with other
customers as well. Desert

Government Enforcement, Crime And The American Population...
On July 4, 1776, thirteen colonies declared independence from English rule, eventually forming the
United States of America ("American History," 2016). Built upon a unique platform of autonomy,
the United States provides citizens with freedoms not present in other countries. In order to preserve
such freedoms, the Constitution of the United States was enacted in 1797, outlining an array of
rights and privileges afforded to all citizens of the country ("American History," 2016). However, as
in any society, crime and abuse pervaded the peace of the nation, continuing to date. Methods of
public, social control span deep into the history of the United States, in an effort to combat
wrongful, illicit activity, or crime. With the first official police force established in 1838, law
enforcement has grown rapidly within the nation, employing millions (Bureau of Justice Statistics,
2015). Nevertheless, with the evolution of law enforcement, crime and the American population
have also evolved. In the present–day United States, fear and unrest regarding personal rights and
freedoms are overwhelmingly prevalent, often creating controversy between the public and the
police. Under democratically–inspired legal restraints, notably the Bill of Rights, the Fourth, Fifth,
Sixth, Eighth, and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution ensure the personal
rights and freedoms of American citizens against certain police–related matters. The Fourth
Amendment to the United States

James Earl Jones: a Voice in the Crowd
James Earl Jones: A Voice in the Crowd March 19, 1996 People all around the world know the voice
of James Earl Jones. From Star Wars fans listening to the voice of Darth Vader to news junkies who
hear a voice that dramatically intones AThis is CNN@ just before all the cable network= s station
breaks to children who hear the stately voice of the majestic Mufasa, the king of the jungle in Walt
Disney Pictures= animated The Lion King – people know this deep harmonious voice belongs to
this consummate actor of stage and screen. James Earl Jones was born January 17th, 1931, in
Arkabutala Township, Mississippi. His natural parents, Ruth and Robert Earl, moved away to the
Mississippi Delta when he was an infant. Raised for the rest of his ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
AThere was nothing to lose, I thought. I could use my GI Bill to go to acting school, and if it didn=t
work out, I could step back into my Army career@(Jones 83). Jones lived by the premise AActing
can never really be taught. It must be learned in a thousand ways, over and over again. Learning to
act is ongoing, a lifelong process, and the responsibility rests with the actor@(89). Under this idea,
Jones felt the only place to learn was in New York, and in 1955 he packed his bags. Once they were
reunited in New York, Robert Earl let his son move in and they pursued separate careers. Recalling a
childhood nickname, Jones assumed the stage name of Todd Jones and, at the age of 24, was
accepted by the American Theatre Wing. One year later, after an argument with his father, James
Earl Jones rented his own Acold–water–flat@ and went back to his full name. After receiving his
diploma at the Theatre Wing in 1957, Jones auditioned for Tad Danielewski=s acting workshop,
where he was accepted and set to work on scenes from three memorable plays: Othello, Of Mice and
Men, and Miss Julie. In October, Jones received his first chance to be in a Broadway production as
an understudy for Lloyd Richards who played the role of Perry Hall in The Egghead, starring Karl
Malden and directed by Hume Croyn at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre. The understudy=s dream did
not come true then , but three months later Jones received a speaking part

Confrontation Clause
In the United States criminal justice system, the accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty.
With this concept in mind, the accused are given many rights to a fair trial. One of those rights falls
under the sixth amendment in the United States Constitution. The confrontation clause reads, "In all
criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right...to be confronted with the witnesses against
him." West's Encyclopedia of American Law defines the confrontation clause as, "A fundamental
right of a defendant in a criminal action to come face–to–face with an adverse witness in the court's
presence so the defendant has a fair chance to object the testimony of the witness, and the
opportunity to cross–examine him or her" (Lehman & ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The court treats sex abuse cases, where young children are victims differently. In 1990, the case
Maryland v. Craig permitted young children to testify by the use of one–way, closed circuit
televisions out of the courtroom, under certain circumstances. The Supreme Court concluded that
children's psychological well–being outweighed the accused entitlement to face–to–face
confrontation (Parise, 1991, p. 1099).
In the past few years several cases have enforced a more comprehensive meaning to the
confrontation clause. Such cases are Crawford v. Washington, Melendez–Diaz v. Massachusetts, and
Davis v. Washington. In 2004, the landmark case Crawford v. Washington, involved an assault
where the defendant Michael Crawford, got into an altercation involving a knife with another male
over his wife. During the arrest, the police taped both Michael and his wife statements. The
prosecution used his wife's damaging statement, as she was unwilling to testify against her husband,
during his trial and Crawford was convicted (Friedman, p. 440). Subsequently, the case made it to
the United States Supreme Court and they overturned the 1980 decision in Ohio v. Roberts. Justice
Scalia wrote, "Out–of–court statements were admissible only when the witness was unavailable to
testify and the defendant had been able to cross–examine the witness on a previous occasion"
(Supreme Court: Right to Confront Witnesses Strengthened, 2004). Under the Crawford ruling

How Did Jackie Robinson Everlasting Impact
Jackie Robinson's Everlasting Impact on America
Rafael Torres
English 3 Period 2
Mrs.Tsuyuki
1 November 2017
Outline:
Thesis: Jackie Robinson changed baseball in America forever by breaking the color barrier, and
striving for equality for African Americans in and out of the game of baseball.
Historical Background
Invention of baseball
Rules of American baseball
The color barrier of the MLB
II. Early Life
College life at UCLA
Education at UCLA
Track and field career at UCLA
III. MLB
Branch Rickey's great experiment
First game of the major league season
Playing with the Kansas City Monarchs
Playing with the Brooklyn Dodgers
IV. Racism Endured by Robinson
Mistreated by his own teammates
Sleeping in the bus, while white team members slept in hotels
Racist comments on and off the field
Anger management tolerance
V. Successful Career in baseball
Base stealing and pitcher taunting
Great bat and speed on the field
Influence on the African American Community
Government involvement
VI. Years after his Career
Provides opportunities for others
Opened the door for global equality

Number retired by the dodgers
MLB hall of fame
Jackie Robinson's Everlasting Impact on America
In the summer of 1839 America was changed forever, the great sport of Baseball was created by a
man named Abner Doubleday. American Baseball was known as a white man's game since its
uprising, until one man changed that forever. Jackie Robinson was the first African

Bilingual Education Policy Analysis
Bilingual education policies in the Unites States have been influenced by many factors. These
factors range from the different attitudes towards languages in general and the controversy that
bilingual education creates among interested parties, to the relation between state and federal level
language policies. All of these factors together, along with a number of historical events, have
contributed, in one way or another, in shaping the country's policies of teaching language–minority
students (Crawford, 2004; Johnson & Johnson, 2015; Ruiz, 1988).
Before proceeding to the discussion of each factor, we may begin with a definition of what bilingual
education is. According to the Education Commission of the States website (2015), bilingual
education ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Johnson and Johnson (2015) point out that the nation level language policies are affected by the way
each state interprets and implements them. For instance, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) in
2002, has been implemented in Arizona State in a way that resulted in reinforcing the English–only
programs that are already in it. While the same act resulted in a notable growth in other non–English
programs in Washington State. The interpretation and application of the NCLB Act in both Arizona
and Washington states played a significant role both cases in determining the type of education in
the public schools in both states (Johnson & Johnson, 2015, p. 93). This, as a matter of fact, shows
that the federal level language policies, NCLB here, empower states' roles in deciding the most
suitable approach to follow in the implementation

Meeting Report On Inclination And Food
Mac Evilly C and Kelly C. Meeting report on 'Inclination and Food '. Nourishment Bulletin 26 (no
4), December 2001.
Margetts BM, Thompson RL, Speller V and McVey D (1998) Factors which impact "sound" eating
designs: results from the 1993 Health Education Authority wellbeing and way of life study in
England. General Health Nutrition 1(3): 193–198.
Nestle M, Wing R, Birch L, DiSogra L, Drewnowski An, Arbor A, Middleton S, Sigman–Grant M,
Sobal J, Winston M, Economos C (1998) Behavioral and social impacts on sustenance decision.
Nourishment Reviews 56(5): S50–S64.
Oliver G, Wardle J (1999) Perceived impacts of weight on sustenance decision. Physiol Behav 66:
511–515.
Paisley L, Lloyd HM, Sparks P and Mela DJ (1995) Consumer view of dietary changes for
diminishing fat admission. Nourishment Research 15: 1755–1766.
Patterson RE, Kristal AR, Glanz K et al. (1997) Components of the functioning admirably trial
mediation connected with selection of invigorating eating regimens. American Journal of Preventive
Medicine 13: 271–6.
Prochaska JO, DiClemente CC and Norcross JC (1992) looking for how individuals change:
Applications to addictive practices. American Psychology 47: 1102–1114.
Rosenstock IM (1966). Why individuals use wellbeing administrations. Milbank Memorial Fund
Quarterly 44, 94–94.
Snyder MP, Story M and Trenkner LL (1992) Reducing fat and sodium in school lunch programs:
the LUNCHPOWER! Intercession Study. Diary of the American Dietetic

Legal Aspects Of Dna Testing
LaShay Robbins
DNA Technologies
FRSC 620.102
Research Paper
Legal Aspects of DNA Testing and the Scientific Expert in Court
DNA testing like many other tools in forensics to identify suspects has been through various
evaluations to uncover its validity. These evaluations are necessary because the results of DNA
testing can help to exclude, include, and can even be used to convict suspects. The weight of DNA
testing is heavy in that can be used to alter a person's life forever,hence, the legal movements for it
to be validated. Some believed that the admissibility of DNA testing into the courts would violate
privacy rights or could alert criminals to the evidence that could be left behind when they commit a
crime. The arguments that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The proper training certificates, proficiency test results, curriculum vitae, employment history are
some of the documents the courts use to qualify someone as a Scientific Expert. Through the
education and experience they receive, a scientific expert should be able to explain and teach both
lawyers and jurors how DNA testing work and how they were able to arrive at their results and
conclusions. Their explanations and teachings may involve the use of presentations, literary
references, and even scenarios that would help to view the advantages of evidence in every aspect
without bias.
One reason for exploring and determining the legal aspects of DNA testing is that there are so many
factors involved. From sample collection to analyzing results, every step in processing must be
handled with the greatest of care. Because DNA testing is now something that is looked for by
jurors, the defense attorneys will go through every process used to make sure that proper procedures
were followed and that there are no bias elements involved. For this reason, DNA testing procedures
must be documented. Notes should be taken before, and during processing. A chain of custody
document should also be used to keep an accurate log of the evidence.
All of the burdens involved in the legal aspects of DNA testing however, does not fall on the
Scientific Expert. The courts must also follow proper procedures to ensure a solid conviction. The
proper channels should be investigated

Davis V. Washington ( 2006.
Courts handle some pretty complex cases on a daily basis and rely on their previous knowledge of
cases and on previous cases themselves to help them decide cases. This is a practice that goes on
across the land. Issues such as hearsay, best evidence, mental capacity, and many others come into
play while the judge is presiding over the case. Attorney's need to monitor these things as well, and
need to object to certain things within the allotted time frames. There needs to be set standards that
are followed, and the Federal Rules of Evidence (FRE), State Rules of Evidence, and any common
law practices are out there to assist and direct proceedings on the do's and do not's of the trial
process. These rules state what may be allowed and what ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
When the police arrived, they were able to observe her shaken state, with fresh injuries on her
forearm and her face. They also observed the frantic state she was in while she was trying to gather
belongings and her children so they could leave. The State charged Davis with a felony violation.
The State's only witnesses were the two police officers who responded to the 911 call. Both officers
testified that McCottry exhibited injuries that appeared to be recent, but neither officer could testify
as to the cause of the injuries. McCottry presumably could have testified as to whether Davis was
her assailant, but she did not appear. Over Davis's objection, based on the Confrontation Clause of
the Sixth Amendment, the trial court admitted the recording of her exchange with the 911 operator,
and the jury convicted him (Davis v. Washington, 2012). Davis appealed to the Washington Court of
Appeals and then to the Supreme Court of Washington. It is here that we will focus time on how the
decisions were made affirming Davis' conviction. Davis appealed based on the Confrontation Clause
of the Sixth Amendment. The judge at this time would need to look at the Sixth Amendment and
base the decision off of that information. The Sixth Amendment states: In all criminal prosecutions,
the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and
district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall

The Traitorous Tyco Scandal: Sentencing of L. Dennis...
The Traitorous Tyco Scandal:
Sentencing of L. Dennis Kozlowski and Mark Swartz Business Law 447–A
Written By:
Lindsey Proffitt
White collar crime is not a victimless crime, and affects many people. These crimes can devastate a
company, force investors to lose billions of dollars, and destroy people's life savings. Through L.
Dennis Kozlowski's and Mark Swartz's scandal reported in 2002, the Tyco Company lost over $28
billion dollars in debt. However, the biggest lash came to its shareholders who lost over $90 billion.
The Tyco two were tried and found guilty in 2005, and are currently serving a 25– year– sentence.
Crime never pays and it is only a matter of time before one is caught. The damage done affects all
people involved ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The article states that, "Kozlowski expended $2 million dollars on a birthday party for his wife, as
well as a $6,000 shower curtain." (Crawford, P.2). Mr. Kozlowski's also purchased expensive one of
a kind artwork pieces that came from transferred funds out of a "stock loan plan" that was intended
to help executives' pay taxes on stock awards. He also stole from the employee relocation program
designed to help workers afford the adjustment from relocating within the business. Yet, in
Kozlowski's and Swartz's minds, they feel these extravagances were acceptable. They stated that the
company was aware of these expenses, and gave the money to them for their wages. A chairman for
the board stated that "the wording of the stock plan could be interpreted to allow the funds to be
used for other purposes" (Cohen, et al). As a result of this vagueness in policy, Mr. Kozlowski used
the funds like his own personal credit card.
Kozlowski left a huge paper trail leading up to his demise. Either he started to get careless with his
spending and embezzled artwork, or he was too smug to care. Tax fraud charges were the first to
come into light. Shipping documents indicating that one of a kind expensive artwork was sent to
Tyco headquarters in New Hampshire, when no one on the board even knew about or approved this
spending, is what alerted the authorities. Kozlowski had empty crates of the art pieces sent to there
to

Crawford V Essay
Legal Memorandum
TO: Judge Mack
FROM: Legal Clerk– Paloma Garcia
RE: Crawford v. Washington
DATE: November 2, 2014
Petitioner Michael Crawford stabbed a man who allegedly tried to rape his wife, Sylvia. At his trial,
the State played for the jury Sylvia's tape–recorded statement to the police describing the stabbing,
even though Crawford had no opportunity for cross–examination. The State sought to introduce a
recorded statement that petitioner's wife Sylvia had made during police interrogation, as evidence
that the stabbing was not in self–defense. Sylvia did not testify at trial because of Washington's
marital privilege. The tape was played at trial, but she did not testify, testimonial statements are at
issue, the only indicium of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Did Kenny do anything to fight back from this assault?
"A. (pausing) I know he reached into his pocket . . . or somethin' . . . I don't know what.
"Q. After he was stabbed?
"A. He saw Michael coming up. He lifted his hand . . . his chest open, he might [have] went to go
strike his hand out or something and then (inaudible).
"Q. Okay, you, you gotta speak up.
"A. Okay, he lifted his hand over his head maybe to strike Michael's hand down or something and
then he put his hands in his . . . put his right hand in his right pocket . . . took a step back . . .
Michael proceeded to stab him . . . then his hands were like . . . how do you explain this . . . open
arms . . . with his hands open and he fell down . . . and we ran (describing subject holding hands
open, palms toward assailant).
"Q. Okay, when he's standing there with his open hands, you're talking about Kenny, correct?
"A. Yeah, after, after the fact, yes.
"Q. Did you see anything in his hands at that point?
[541 U.S. 40]
"A. (pausing) um um (no)." (Citation– http://www.leagle.com/decision/2004577541US36_1575)
Analysis:
Cross–examination is critical during litigation. Many cases have to be proven based on solely
witness testimony because of the lack of physical evidence. Therefore, the responsibility of a
witness to tell the truth relies on methods

The Rise Of Mass Democracy
Chapter 13
The Rise of Mass Democracy
I. The "Corrupt Bargain" of 1824
i. After the Era of Good Feelings, politics was transformed. The big winner of this transformation
was the common man. Specifically, the common white man as universal white manhood suffrage
(all white men could vote) became the norm. ii. In the election of 1824, there were four towering
candidates: Andrew Jackson of Tennessee, Henry
Clay of Kentucky, William H. Crawford of Georgia, and John Q. Adams of Massachusetts.
1. All four called themselves Republicans.
2. Three were a "favorite son" of their respective region but Clay thought of himself as a national
figure (he was Speaker of the House and author of the "American System"). iii. In the results,
Jackson got the most popular votes and the most electoral votes, but he failed to get the majority in
the Electoral College. Adams came in second in both, while Crawford was fourth in the popular vote
but third in the electoral votes. Clay was 4th in the electoral vote. iv. By the 12th Amendment, the
top three electoral vote getters would be voted upon in the House of
Reps. and the majority (over 50%) would be elected president.
v. Clay was eliminated, but he was the Speaker of the House, and since Crawford had recently
suffered a paralytic stroke and Clay hated Jackson, he threw his support behind John Q. Adams,
helping him become president.
1. When Clay was appointed Secretary of the State, the traditional stepping–stone to the presidency,
Jacksonians cried

Zora Neale Hurston Essay
On March 21, 1924, the National Urban League, spearheaded by Charles Johnson, held a dinner to
introduce new literary talent to New York City's black community. This dinner party resulted in the
Survey Graphic, a magazine whose attention was upon social and cultural pluralism, to publish a
special Harlem edition, which would feature the works of Harlem's black writers and was to be
edited by Alain Locke. Locke, a literary scholar, black philosopher, professor and authority on black
culture, later expanded the Harlem special edition of the Survey Graphic into and anthology he titled
The New Negro. Soon, the very cultural movement Survey Graphic hoped to shine light upon would
be recognized as the New Negro Movement but later this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
At the age of three John Hurston moved the family to Eatonville, where he would become mayor of
the small town of 125. Eatonville was like no other town in the United States during the last years of
the Nineteenth century (Hemenway). In 1863, Eatonville was one of the first all black towns to be
chartered after the emancipation proclamation and in 1887 was the first of these towns to be
incorporated. Her childhood here shaped her ideas and reality and, as would later be seen in her
writing, would shape her views on race. The wonderful life in utopian Eatonville was lost after the
death of her mother in 1904, which led the young Zora Neale Hurston away from the halls of
academics and into domestics. Her father quickly remarried a woman that Hurston did not like and
had left the household at age 14, first caring after her brother's children and later as a domestic
servant in Baltimore. It was here in Baltimore where Hurston reentered academia, enrolling in the
Morgan Academy, a High School operated by what is now Morgan State University. Upon
graduation, Hurston enrolled at Howard University in Washington where Hurston's life would
forever be changed. It was at Howard University in 1918 where she met a young Alain Locke who
further inspired her strong pride in black heritage and also inspired her to pursue a literary career.
In 1921, Hurston published her first short story, "John

Military History Capstone
29
c
TOPIC SENTENCE OUTLINE
FROM FLORIDA TO MEXICO:
DEMONSTRATING U.S. ARMY LOGISTICS
An exercise submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
Master of Arts in Military History
Tyler D. Wetter
MH562 – Capstone Paper
Professor John F. Votaw
Norwich University
April 28, 2017
I. Introduction:
In the thirty years after the War of 1812, the United States gradually and painstakingly developed its
army from a nascent confederation of independent state militiamen, volunteers, and a
disproportionately smaller group of regular soldiers into a corporate body of professionals with
seemingly common standards of training, doctrine, and, arguably, discipline. Referred to as the
"Thirty Year's Peace," ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Correspondently, Martin Dugard addressed this theme in his less scholarly narrative, The Training
Ground: Grant, Lee, Sherman, and Davis in the Mexican War, 1846–1848 (2009).[footnoteRef:6]
Similar to Alfred H. Bill's Rehearsal for Conflict: The War with Mexico, 1846–1848 (1969),
Dougherty and Dugard suggested that military officers of the U.S. Civil War that cut their teeth in
the Mexican–American War. While this correlation is well demonstrated, this treatment is particular
useful when examining the Second Seminole War in relation to the development of the Regular
Army in the 19th–century. The Second Seminole War transcended the other Indian Wars in the
antebellum period in scale, duration, and complexity. Moreover, it was the testing ground for the
internal developments and regulations of the United States Regular Army and its involvement
beyond its borders. Historians recognize the Mexican–American War as a proving ground for the

Regular Army on the eve of the U.S. Civil War–a prologue of sorts–but overlook the significance of
the Second Seminole War on the Army's ascension. The regulations and structure developed by the
Quartermaster Department during the post–War of 1812 reforms were tested during the Second
Seminole War, which further guided the development of strategies relating to supplying the United
States Army during the Mexican–American War. An exploration into the correlation of the
experiences of Quartermaster Department during in the Second Seminole War and Mexican–
American War remains uncharted territory and is overdue for study. [6: Martin Dugard, The Training
Ground: Grant, Lee, Sherman, and Davis in the

Case Analysis : Crawford V. Washington
Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36 (2004) Criminal Case Analysis Paper
Name of the Case: Give the full name of the case with citation, such as: xxx U.S. xxx (2016) or xxx
N.E.2d xxx (Ind. 2016). (5 points)
Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36 (2004)
Case History: Where did the case originate and what path did it follow to reach the Supreme Court?
(10 points) The case originated in Washington state trial court. Crawford v. Washington, 541 U.S. 36
(2004). Michael Crawford was convicted of assault after being charged with attempted murder and
assault. Id. The case then moved to the Washington Court of Appeals where the conviction was
reversed after applying a test of nine–factors to see if Sylvia's, Michael Crawford's ... Show more
Sylvia's story was tape–recorded (Id.). This tape recording was used in court because she was barred
from testifying in court through use of a marital privilege law (Id.). The State claimed that this tape–
recorded statement was admissible because the marital privilege law did not cover statements made
by a spouse out–of–court and, "... the State invoked the hearsay exception for statements against
penal interest, Wash. Rule Evid. 804(b)(3) (2003)" (Id. at 40). The defense objected to the use of this
evidence in court because it violated his Sixth Amendment right "to be confronted with the
witnesses against him" (Id. at 40). The trial court allowed the evidence to be admitted by citing an
earlier decision, in Ohio v. Roberts, 448 U.S. 56 (1980), that the Supreme Court's description of
Sixth Amendment rights did not bar the prosecution from admitting a statement from an unavailable
witness, "... if the statement bears "adequate 'indicia of reliability.'" Id., at 66." (Crawford v.
Washington, 541 U.S. 36 (2004), at 40). The trial court focused on the part of the test in Roberts that
evidence must "... bear "particularized guarantees of trustworthiness." [Ohio v. Roberts, 448 U.S. 56
(1980), at 66]" (Id., at 40). The Washington Court of Appeals did not agree with the trial court
because of the results of a test of nine–factors to determine trustworthiness (Id., at 41). Some of the
main points

1998-2003: Us Financial System Reform by Debt Loan Types...
FISV 3040
Money & Capital Market
Research Paper
On Financial System Reform
Presented to
Professor Jean Holt
October 29, 2015
Prepared by
Yi Que
Abstract: 1998–2013: An Analysis of the Tangible and Intangible Costs of Financial Regulatory
Reform and Deregulation (The Financial Institutions Deregulation and Reform Act 1999* and the
Dodd–Frank Act 2010) on United States Capital Markets and Institutions as measured by Debt Loan
Types and Bank Profitability.
Key words: Glass–Steagall Act, Financial Institutions Deregulation and Reform Act, Dodd–Frank
Act, investment bank, financial statements.
II. Table of Content
I. Cover Page1
II. Table of Content2 Abstract, key works2
III. Introduction3
IV. Statement of Problem5
V. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of these general trends in the new statute's underlying philosophy are briefly outlined below.
IV. Statement of the problem
US financial crisis occurred in 2008 was to fulfill what the economists Dornbusch had declared, "In

economics, things take longer to happen than you think they will, and then they happen faster than
you thought they could." (Dornbusch 2) The risks and destructive power of US subprime mortgage
market, due to its outbreak, beyond most people's imagination. Eventually, it evolved into an
unprecedented global financial crisis. What's the initial reason for subprime? For this part, I going to
analysis the tangible and intangible costs through financial crisis on US capital market, and compare
the data from 1998–2013. To understand the financial crisis and its original reason, the journal has
described clearly, "the financial crisis that has been wreaking havoc in markets in the U.S. and
across the world since August 2007 had its origins in an asset price bubble that interacted with new
kinds of financial innovations that masked risk; with companies that failed to follow their own

Justice John T. Clarke 's Views On Judicial Appointments...
Unlike the other branches of government, the Constitution is largely silent on judicial qualifications
and the nomination process of judicial appointments other than stating that justices should exhibit
"good behavior" and are confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Thus, tradition
largely dictates judicial nominations and the nomination processes that follow. The need for a
judicial appointment can occur when a sitting justice dies in office, choses to retire because of old
age or for disability reasons. Clare Cushman in Courtwatchers provides examples of other justices in
the past resigning to pursue other political ambitions. During the nineteenth century, some justices
"had no qualms about campaigning for political office, either secretly or openly, while still on the
bench" (pg. 229). Chief Justice John Jay is a prominent example of political ambitions when he was
elected governor of New York. Others have stepped down to pursue peace like Justice John H.
Clarke did when left in 1922 to lobby the United States to join the League of Nations. When a
judicial vacancy occurs, the Presidents and their advisors consider factors such as: geographical,
religious, racial, or gender representation a candidate would bring to the Court, political ideology,
qualifications, and whether the nominee would change the ideological balance of the court among
others. Of these factors, political ideology is the most important factor during the nomination and
confirmation

Red Bull in Marketing
Question 1
Marketing Research plays an instrumental role in all three phases of the marketing management
process in: planning, implementation, and evaluation.
1. Discuss how Red Bull uses marketing research in the above three phases.
The marketing research process as described by Kotler and Keller (2006:103) consists of the
following steps:
[pic]
The next sections detail an analysis of how Red Bull has been able to achieve planning,
implementation and evaluation using the above marketing research process:
A. Planning
Red Bull's Problem definition
The introduction of the case study describes the variety of energy drinks which is available on the
South African market and the aggressive campaigns of Red Bull's competitors. The ... Show more
|
| |Scientific tests have also been performed to prove that the product is secure. |
C. Evaluation
Information Analysis and Findings
The information analysis steps explained by Harvard Business School Press (2003: unknown)
consists of statistical analysis methods and software to determine correlations that will enable
management decision. The case study does not directly describes how Red Bull conducts
information analysis, but the company knows what are the main concerns of the market which are
price, distribution, ingredients, effects, etc. and the sampling staff are well equipped with answers
for this. The information about the product, when given on the spot coupled with the ability of Red
Bull to provide the best taste of the product – from the cold fridge – may change the buyer's
perception instantly.
Part 2

2. Identify the extent to which the initial energy drink was modified in light of the market research
conducted.
The original energy drink recipe from Asia has been modified to meet the demands and tastes of the
western market based on the research carried out in terms of:
1. Consumer perception of energy drinks
a. To fit in the western market, Red Bull had to adapt to the philosophy of energy drinks. It should
not be perceived as a cure to disease – like physical or mental fatigue else this

Effect of Social Media(Facebook)on Nigerian Undergraduate
INTRODUCTION
Rapid growth of popular online communication mediums has introduced new ways for the students
to communicate. The vast array of social communication changes introduced by the relatively young
prologue of social network site mandate the essences of this study. This study accessed the
influenced social media (facebook in particular) on Nigeria youth in the higher institution.
Specifically it attempts to collect facts on the positive and negative influence of facebook on Nigeria
youth.
Background of the Study
New type of communication influence by rapidly changing internet–based–technologies have
spurred research on mass communications theory(Ruggerio,2000).during the period of 1988 to 1998
the internet grow nearly 100 percent ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rosen presented his study at the 119th American Psychological Association Convention in
Washington DC. His findings are based on survey responses from computer–based surveys
distributed to 1,000 urban adolescents and his own 15–minute observation of 300 teenagers that
were studying. Rosen said in a presentation title" Poke Me: How Social Network can both Help and
Harm Our Kids. He said his research found both negative and positive influences linked to social
networking.
Rosen's top three potential negative effects of Facebook; 1. Teenager who use Facebook more often
show narcissistic tendencies while young adults who have a strong Facebook presence show more
sign of other psychological disorders, including antisocial behaviours, mania, and aggressive
tendencies. 2. Daily over use media and technology has a negative effect on the health of all
children, preteens, an teenagers by making them more susceptible to future health problems' 3.
Facebook can be distracting and can negatively impact learning. Studies found that middle school,
high school, and college students who checked Facebook at least once during a 15–minute study
period achieved lower grades.
Rosen's top three potential positive effects of Facebook; 1. Young adult who spend more time on
Facebook are better at showing "virtual empathy" to their friends 2. Online social networking can
help introverted adolescents learn how to socialized behind the safely of various

Whitney Houston Essay
Diagnostic Battery: A Case Evaluation of Whitney Houston Marc Kelly Walden University
Diagnostic Battery: A Case Evaluation of Whitney Houston A psychological diagnostic battery is an
important instrument in diagnosing various psychological conditions of an individual. As
counselors, having an exact diagnosis and a diagnostic evaluation is essential. This paper will
attempt to provide a diagnostic battery assessment of Whitney Houston. Although she has pasted
away, the paper will present as if she had entered therapy prior to her death. Some missing points of
information regarding her life will be added to this paper, although factious, the basis of the
information will be drawn from media reports of her life. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Interview with Oprah Winfrey. www.youtube.com/watch?v=sHJKBkPx2Hs 2. Interview with Diane
Sawyer about her drug life: www.youtube.com/watch?v=kovGM1ZrCck Five–Axis Diagnosis Axis
I: 292.89 Cannabis Intoxication with Sleep Disturbance 292.12 Cocaine– Induced Disorder with
Hallucinations Axis II: 71.09V Axis III: 427.2 Tachycardia, ventricular Axis IV: Divorce, Stressful
work schedule Axis V: 55 (During cannabis use) 30 (During heavy cocaine use) Related
Psychosocial and Family Issues Whitney Houston is a superstar. She works with a lot of people who
struggle with additive behaviors. This social exposure has been difficult for her to handle. From
media reports, Ms. Houston appears to be very stressed over family matters. She reports that she had
a tumultuous marriage; suffering through many years of infidelity and public scandals in addition to
the drug and alcohol arrests of her husband. Additionally, Whitney has been embroiled in another
legal battle with her father for failure to settle a $100 million debt she owed his company (Whitney
Houston, 2011). Related Career and Vocational Issues Following her arrest in early 2000, Whitney
began having accountability issue with her career. She was consistently late or would miss
interviews, photo shoots and rehearsals altogether. In one incident, she was suppose to perform at
the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame but pulled out

Stages of a Criminal Trial
Stages of A Criminal Trail Nancy Jane Strayer University
One stages of a criminal trial is the presentation of evidence, first the state is given the opportunity
to present evidence intended to improve the defendant's guilt. After prosecutors have rested their
case, the defense is afforded the opportunity to provide evidence favorable to the defendant. Types
of Evidence Evidence can be either direct or circumstantial. Direct evidence believed, proves a fact
without requiring the judge or jury to draw inferences. For example, direct evidence may consist of
the information contained in a photograph or a videotape. It might also consist of testimonial
evidence provided by a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Testimony OF Witness Witness testimony is generally the chief means by which evidence is
introduced a trial. Witnesses may include victims, police officers, the defendant, specialists in
recognized fields, and others with useful information to provide. Some of these witnesses may have
been present during the commission of the offense, while most will have had only a later
opportunity to investigate the situation or to analyze evidence. Before a witness is allowed to testify
to any fact, the questioning attorney must establish the person's competence. Competence to testify
requires that witnesses have personal knowledge of the information they will discuss and that they
understand their duty to tell the truth. One of the defense attorney's most critical decisions is
whether to put the defendant on the stand. Defendants have a Fifth Amendment right to remain
silent and to refuse to testify. In the precedent–setting case of Griffin v. California (1965), the U.S.
Supreme Court declared that if a defendant refuses to testify, prosecutors and judges are enjoined
from even commenting on this fact, although the judge should instruct the jury that such a failure
cannot be held to indicate guilt. In the 2001 case of Ohio v. Reiner, the U.S. Supreme Court
extended Fifth Amendment protections to witnesses who deny any and all quilt in association with a
crime for which another person is being prosecuted. Direct

Diagnostic Paper on Joan Crawford
Diagnostic Paper on Joan Crawford Abnormal Psychology Dr. Lewis Ethical Disclaimer In writing
this, I am attempting to demonstrate an awareness of ethical practice. In preparation of writing this
paper, I have researched information on the famous person indicated in an effort to make an attempt
at providing a possible diagnosis of a psychological condition for which two theoretical orientations
will be evaluated and used to support what is only an opinion. I am in no way qualified to give a
diagnosis for the people mentioned within this document as it is a document written to demonstrate
an understanding of educational material as it relates to the field of psychology. Any information
mentioned with regard to the mental condition ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In consideration of some of Crawford's early childhood occurrences, it may be possible to speculate
on the etiology and possible diagnosis for conditions that Mrs. Crawford might have been suffering
throughout her life. Joan Crawford was born at the turn of the century as Lucille Fay LeSueur in San
Antonio, Texas to a single mother as Joan's father left the family shortly before her birth ("American
Legends," 2013). Though there are claims that her actual birthdate was before 1908, the date printed
at the place of her interment reads as 1908–1977. For Hollywood starlets, lying about age might
elongate audience and industry interest especially in regard to women, therefore it is easy to
understand why the relentlessly ambitious and accomplished actress might have felt compelled to be
untruthful over the years. Crawford had to climb her way to the top never having a moment to assess
all the obstacles with which she would face throughout her life though, according to her, she would
never have accepted professional assessment during her life as she explains to talk show host David
Frost, "I have never had to go to a psychologist or psychiatrist because I feel if you have an ounce of
good sense and one good friend, you'll never have to go to a psychiatrist" (The David Frost Show,
1970). With attention to the enormous influence of the Roaring Twenties, Joan Crawford certainly
embodied the newfound independence, freedom, and

Depression Among International Missionaries
Running Head: DEPRESSION AMONG MISSIONARIES Depression Among International
Missionaries Jonathan E. Sullivan Liberty University Abstract Missionaries have a unique calling
accompanied by unique challenges over the course of their service. As these individuals and families
face these challenges, depression can be an enemy that hinders and even stops the good work they
perform. While most of the time a professional counselor can be seen in the United States to help
with depression, a therapist may not be so readily available in remote parts of the world. This paper
looks at the factors that may lead to depression for those on the mission field and some preventative
measures that may be taken to avoid major depression. The well being ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Still, Carey pressed on recognizing that "a price must be paid for their success". However, the reality
is that for the missionary today on the foreign field, when persecution, loneliness, despair,
frustration, and temptation manifest themselves it can take its toll physically and psychologically. In
Luke 14:28, the Lord instructs in the biblical text to count the cost of an endeavor before you
undertake it. This not only should be done financially, but emotionally, physically, and
psychologically as well. It is recognized that wherever God calls He will give that individual and
family what they need holistically to accomplish the task at hand. At the same time, a call to serve is
a call to prepare oneself for service and it should be recognized that there are always consequences
to our decisions. This preparation time includes not only a seminary education and experience in
ministry, but psychological stability is paramount for these missionaries. Many sending agencies
have a thorough psychological screening process in place and some do not. Hall & Sweatman
(2002) recognize that psychological assessment is only one piece of a larger assessment strategy for
the missionary candidate. Along with the psychological issues to be tested are the assessment of
doctrinal unity with the sending agency, a unity in the vision of the mission work, and proven
leadership just to name a few areas. This same research by Hall & Sweatman (2002) also
understood that the

Systems, Society and Sustainability Essay
CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOMATIC ENGINEERING
Systems, Society and Sustainability
The global challenge of sustainable development requires solutions and mindsets that bridge
traditional divisions between nature and culture, and the technical and social sciences. Sustainable
development requires that engineers and other professionals are able to include social and ecological
considerations alongside technical and economic requirements in managing projects and
infrastructure. This course outlines the challenges of sustainability, introduces some theories which
can help think through these challenges more clearly, and applies them to the case of urban water
systems.
1. Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course you should be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
445–463.
27 Nov
and
4 Dec
Engineering sustainable societies
for Mitchell C. A., Carew A. and Clift R. (2004) The Role of the Professional Engineer and Scientist
in Sustainable Development, Chapter 2 in Azapagic A., Perdan S. and Clift R. (eds) Sustainable
Development in Practice Chichester, John Wiley and Sons, pp. 29–56. Bauer, J. M. and Herder, P.
M. (2009) Designing socio–technical systems, in Meijers A. (ed) Handbook of the Philosophy of
Science. Volume 9: Philosophy of Technology and Engineering Sciences Burlington MA, North
Holland, pp. 601–630.
11 Dec
Cities, sustainability Bai X. and Imura H. (2001) Towards sustainable and water urban water
resource management: a case study in Tianjin, China Sustainable Development 9 pp. 24–35. Speers,
A. (2007) Water and cities – overcoming inertia and achieving a sustainable future, Chapter 3 in

Novotny, V. And Brown, P. R. Cities of the Future London, IWA Publishing, pp. 18–32.
CIVLG018/M011: Systems, Society and Sustainability
3
4. Assessment
Task Critical Review Attendance and participation at seminars Essay Assessment Due Value 30% 29
October 10% 60% 14 December
All coursework should be submitted in hard copy to the assignment box near the Civil,
Environmental and Geomatic Engineering main office, and an electronic copy must be submitted
through turnitin on the module moodle site.
Critical Review
Write a 1000 word paper reviewing one of the

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