The Outbreak Of The Ebola Virus

The Outbreak Of The Ebola Virus
There is no doubt that some of the most feared organisms on this planet are invisible to the human eye. People are both fearful and fascinated by how
such tiny microorganisms, such as viruses, can cause the decimation of whole populations of both humans and various animals. At the current moment,
the worst outbreak of the Ebola virus that has ever happened is occurring in West Africa. This disease is so frightening because it can quickly result
in a terrible, agonizing death of any unfortunate soul that has become infected. This specific virus can quite literally cause the liquefaction of the
organs within the human body. As Ebola takes hold of many villages and towns in West Africa, surrounding countries are scrambling to send
supplies and aid workers in an attempt to stop the spread of such a lethal virus. The Ebola virus first made its way to the United States this past
October, sending many U.S. citizens in to a state of hysteria out of fear that an Ebola epidemic will occur on American soil. As the death toll of the
recent outbreak keeps rising steadily, only time will tell if the virus can be stopped in its track before spreading across the globe to infect inhabitants in
all corners of the world.
Ebola belongs to the virus family Filoviridae. There are three genera in this family, which are the Marburgvirus, Cuevavirus, and Ebolavirus (WHO,
2014). Filoviruses are encased within a lipoprotein envelope that comes in a variety of different shapes, ranging from
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Ebola Virus Disease ( Evd )
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe, often fatal illness in humans. EVD outbreaks have a case fatality rate of up to 90%. Ebola first appeared on July
27, 1976, the very first person to contract the Ebola virus began to show symptoms. Ten days later he was dead. The latter was in a village situated
near the Ebola River, from which the disease takes its name., with a total of 602 reported cases and 431 deaths. The first victim to contract Ebola was
a cotton factory worker from Nzara, Sudan. Soon after this first man came down with symptoms, so did his co–worker. Then the co–worker 's wife
became sick. The outbreak quickly spread to the Sudanese town of Maridi, where there was a hospital. Since no one in the medical field had ever
seen this illness before, it took them awhile to realize that it was passed by close contact. By the time the outbreak had subsided in the Sudan, 284
people had become ill, 151 of whom had died.
On September 1, 1976, another, even more deadly, outbreak of Ebola struck– this time in Zaire. The first victim of this outbreak was a 44–year–old
teacher who had just returned from a tour of northern Zaire. After suffering from symptoms that seemed like malaria, this first victim went to the
Yambuku Mission Hospital and received a shot of an anti–malarial drug. Unfortunately, at that time the hospital did not use disposable needles nor did
they properly sterilize the ones they used. Thus, the Ebola virus spread through used needles to many of the hospital

The Ebola Virus Essay
Normally infecting fruit bats, the Ebola virus found a mutation allowing it to spread to humans. This virus is an acute and often fatal illness. This
virus first erupted in two outbreaks in 1976 (one occurring in Nzara and Sudan, while the other occurred in a village near the Ebola river, where the
virus takes its name.) The current outbreak, starting in West Africa with the potential to spread throughout the world, is larger and more complex than
previous outbreaks. This virus has caused more deaths than all other past Ebola outbreaks combined. With approximately five people infected with the
virus every hour in Sierra Leone alone, how far – and how fast – will the Ebola virus go?
The Ebola virus is one of three members in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ebola then spreads through direct contact with blood or other bodily fluids. Caregivers can contract this disease by coming in contact with blood,
vomit, or other fluid. Ebola patients bleed intensely, so the chances of a caregiver contracting it is high. Also, many caregivers use rituals that require
bathing the bodies, making them more vulnerable to infection. The disease is spreading from small, isolated villages to large cities, where it will be
much harder to isolate patients.
Although there is not a scientific or natural cure found yet, there are some methods that can increase a person's chance of survival if contracted with
the virus. First, supportive care could help physically and even more psychologically. Studies on blood samples have shown that there is an
identification between genes and the prediction of survival. Also, there is a new association between survival and levels of a certain protein in
platelets. This protein helps to repair damaged blood vessels. Certain levels of this protein could determine the chances of survival of an infected
person. Scientists are also trying to develop a cure by utilizing the benefits of this protein. Currently, there are 2 possible vaccines that are being tested
to see if they will prevent the virus.
Since there is no preventative treatment for the Ebola virus currently and treatment is only experimental, we have to take careful measures in

Ebola Virus Disease ( Evd )
Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), formally known as Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever, which is a severe, often fatal illness in humans. This virus is transmitted to
people from wild animals and spread in human population through human transmission. The Ebola Virus Disease case rate is about 50% and they have
varied from 25% to 90% in the past outbreaks. Ebola Virus causes an acute, serious illness which is often fatal if it is not treated, the virus first
appeared in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks. One in which is now Nzara, South of Sudan, and the other in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo.
It occurred in a village near the Ebola River, this is where the disease got its name. The current outbreak in WestAfrica was notified in March 2014,
and this is the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak there was since it was discovered in 1976. There have been more cases and deaths in this
outbreak than all others combined, it has also spread in countries like Guinea, then spreading to Land borders in Sierra Leon and Liberia. By air 1
traveler to Nigeria and 1 traveler to USA, and by land to Senegal was 1 traveler, and 2 travelers to Mali who caught Ebola. These affected counties
Guinea, Sierra Leon and Liberia have very weak Health Systems, Lack human and infrastructural resources, and have only recently emerged from long
periods of conflicts and instability, their economy was not too good as well. On August 8, the WHO declared the West African Outbreak a Public
Health Emergency of

Ebola Virus Report
In 2014 there has been a severe outbreak of Zaire Ebolavirus, most
commonly known as Ebola. Since the outbreak, there have been multiple deaths and
tragic stories of numerous patients struggling to survive from the lethal virus. In
order to control the Ebola virus, we have to understand where it came from, its
symptoms and effects, and how its spreading around the world.
The lethal Ebola virus started in 1976 in Sudan and Democratic Republic of
Congo near the Ebola River; where this virus simply got its name. It origins in fruit
bats, monkeys, apes, and chimpanzees that carry the virus and are found in West
Africa. Ebola is transmitted through blood, diarrhea, vomit, and other bodily fluids
from direct contact from the wild ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Health–care workers who have caught this lethal disease through infected patients
have only caught it because they haven't followed the correct safety precautions that
are strictly required while treating patients.
Dr. Martin Salua, a doctor from Washington, D.C., was helping the sick people

in Sierra Leone while working at a Methodist hospital. "He hadn't been involved
with effected Ebola patients and had already gone through a 21–day incubation
period after a close call with an Ebola patient. And his first blood test for Ebola came
back negative on November 7th" (2014). Salia diagnosed himself with Malaria and
treated himself with that vaccine. A second test for Ebola came back positive on
November 10th. Immediately, Dr. Salia was flown to the United States, but sadly his
organs were already starting to shut down. Doctors franticly tried to save his life
but in the end it was too late. "We used every possible treatment available to give
Dr. Salia every possible opportunity for survival," said Dr. Phil Smith, who
successfully treated medical missionary Dr. Rick Sacra and NBC camera

Ebola Virus Outbreak
The Ebola Virus Outbreak The ebola virus disease is a deathly illness first discovered in the late twentieth century. This disease is viral, spreading from
human to human through any bodily fluid contact. Due to this process infection, it is easy enough to become unprotected and cause a
mass–distribution of the disease among the human populace. Regretfully, this disease had gone undetected within WestAfrica until March of 2014,
when it had branched off from just the one country Guinea to four of its surrounding countries. This probes as one of the world's newest health issues
since there is no vaccine to prevent this disease from sweeping across the rest of nation and infecting us all. The origins of the ebola virus are still
unknown but ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
WHO also works along another agency called Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC "has activated its Emergency Operations
Center to help coordinate technical assistance and control activities with partners" ("Ebola Outbreak in West Africa," 2014). Both WHO and CDC
are helping each other and various other health partners in their goal to stop this disease from spreading and to save the lives of the people already
infected. CDC has even "deployed teams of public health experts to West Africa" to go to all the infected countries ("Ebola Outbreak in West Africa,"
2014). Luckily, the National Institutes of Health has undergone a study performed by its researchers to create a vaccine for the ebola virus. So far it
"has generated long–term immunity against the Ebola virus in monkeys. The vaccine is now entering phase one clinical trials in humans" (Whiteman,
2014). The vaccine known as ZMapp kept the monkeys healthy for 10 months and was even able to treat two men that had already been

WhatВґs The Ebola Virus?
Ebola is defined as a virus that causes severe bleeding, organ failure, and can lead to death (Mayo Clinic). Ebola was first discovered in 1976 near the
Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (CDC). It was previously known as Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever and is a very rare and deadly
disease caused by infection with a strain of the Ebola virus (CDC). The Ebola virus has a 50% to 90% fatality rate (Visual Science Company). In
2014, there were only 6 cases in the U.S (Mayo Clinic). It is most common in African countries and appears sporadically. The disease can occur in
humans and nonhuman mammals, such as monkeys, bats, and apes (CDC). There are five different identified species of the Ebola virus and all
belong to the genus Ebolavirus. Four of the species are known to cause disease in humans: Ebolavirus zaire; Ebolavirus sudan; Ebolavirus taД« forest;
and Ebolavirus bundibugyo. The fifth virus, Ebolavirus reston, has only infected ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Early symptoms are headache, fever, muscle pain, weakness, fatigue, diarrhea, and abdominal pain (CDC). As the illness progresses, Ebola can cause
multiple organ failures, severe bleeding, seizures, coma, jaundice (yellowing of the skin), delirium (intoxicated state of mind),and shock (Mayo
Clinic). Ebola can lead to death for a high percentage of people who are infected. One reason that the virus is so deadly is because it interferes with the
immune system's ability to mount a defense (CDC). Scientists can't wrap their heads around the fact that some people recover and others don't. For
those who survive, recovery is slow. It may take months to regain weight and strength, and the virus remains in the body for weeks (CDC). People may
experience hair loss, sensory changes, liver inflammation (hepatitis), weakness, fatigue, headaches, eye inflammation, and testicular inflammation
(Mayo

Ebola Virus: Article Analysis
Science Magazine's article, "Bat–filled tree may have been ground zero for the Ebola epidemic", covers the possibility of bats being the source of the
current Ebola outbreak. Scientists speculate that the first victim of the Ebola virus contracted the virus from a bat. The bat, an Angolan free–tailed bat,
feeds on small insects (Science Magazine 2014). In Emile's village these bats inhabited a hollowed tree, which was a popular spot for children to play
and hunt the bats. Since the discovery of the bats being a potential source of the virus, the villagers burned down the tree. Dr. Fabian Leendertz, of the
Robert Koch Institute in Berlin, and fellow researchers were able to find small amounts of DNA that matched the Angolan free–tailed bat, Mops
condylurus (Science Magazine 2014). Other studies show these bats have been able to survive being experimentally infected with the virus. However,
the DNA samples that were collected showed no traces of the Ebola virus. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bats are already known to transmit another disease similar to the Ebola virus, called the Marburg virus (Scientific American 2014). If the Angolan
free–tailed bat is the culprit, how does it spread the virus to humans? There are various possibilities. From the consumption of the bat, called bush
meat (Scientific American 2014), to eating food contaminated by the bat. To find more concrete answers scientist trapped and dissected different
species of bats in the surrounding region. A major drawback is only a small amount of those bats were actually infected with the Ebola virus. Ebola
expert Daniel Bausch of Tulane University admits that, "it's laborious work and it doesn't lead to many

Ebola Virus Breakout In Liberia
The article states that there are hardly any patients who have contracted the Ebola virus and the few that are suspected to have the virus tested
negative for the disease. Because there is no patient with the Ebola virus, the International Medical Corps treatment unit beds are empty. "The Ebola
virus disease (EVD) first appeared in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks, one in Nzara, Sudan, and the other in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of
Congo, the latter occurred in a village near the Ebola River, from which the disease takes its name" Ebola virus disease (n.d.). Since the virus has
started spreading to several different countries, some people started to panic while some people believe that the CDC have it under control and that
they are taking ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The author should have given her opinion based on her findings and research of the article. Finks should have went in depth and compare and
contrast the statistics of when the Ebola virus had breakout in Liberia in the spring and how the numbers of cases changed, whether they increase or
decrease and also she should of explain whether or not if the people of Liberia took more safety measures this time or was it the same reaction they
have when the virus breakout in the spring. "But because Liberian celebrated early once before, believing the virus had been eradicated in the spring,
only to see it rage back with greater force in the summer" (Fink, 2014). The article present more of a concern on whether or not the people of Liberia
trust the government with their sick or dead relatives and why they are burying their loved ones by themselves instead of getting the government
involved, which results into little to no patients at the International Medical Corps treatment center and other treatment and laboratory

The Ebola Virus In West Africa
Introduction In 2013, the most widespread epidemic of the Ebola virus in history broke out in West Africa. My first introduction to the virus was in
the following year, when popular media and news outlets across the United States picked up the story as Ebola became less of a foreign illness and
more of a true threat to the nation's health in the event that someone happened to carry it back from Africa. For years, I have had a fascination with
medicine and pathology, and when I first read the news, my thoughts went first to how the virus had managed to spread so quickly. Now, as the threat
has faded from the news and the concerns of the domestic United States, my attention has turned to the nature of the spread of infectious diseases. I was
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As an aspiring doctor, I have long been attracted to the study of medicine and how to combat the diseases that plague our planet. Through this
investigation, I have been able to greater understand the methods used by doctors and researchers in predicting the spread of disease and how to
begin to prevent them from causing unmanageable and decimating damage to the population and the lives of those affected. I have also gained an
appreciation for the precision of researchers with models that can be completely changed by the smallest of computational errors. I was also able to
recognise the application to historical studies of diseases, real–life applications of derivative calculus, and the modelling of logistical curves in regards
to

The Epidemic Of Ebola Virus
Children around the world fear the dark because they do not understand it. Much like a child's fear of the dark, the panic caused by the Ebola virus is
largely due to misunderstanding and is often blown out of proportion. The Ebola virus is discussed in the media because it generates hysteria, even
though it is nowhere near as threatening as it is often claimed to be. Do not make the assumption that the virus itself is not lethal, as indeed it is one of
the deadlier pathogens in the world; however, a variety of factors contribute to making the Ebola virus a less than perfect killer; in order to know why, it
is important to understand what exactly the Ebola virus is.
In the most basic sense, Ebola has RNA as its genetic material and belongs to the virus family Filoviridae, the same family as the Marburg virus.
According to Peters and Peters (1999), Marburg virus was first discovered in 1967. It was the first virus of the Filoviridae family uncovered; Ebola
was the second, being discovered in 1976. Ebola was initially encountered in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where several outbreaks of
Hemorrhagic Fever were documented. Teams sent to deal with these outbreaks found an almost total cessation of transmission. Survivors, however,
provided an excellent source of data.
The survivors demonstrated that the reason for this cessation was that the virus had killed most of the medical staff in affected areas. The hospitals in
regions such as the Congo are often subpar,

Ebola Virus ( Virus )
Ebola was named for a small river near Maridi, Sudan. Since Ebola first appeared in 1967 there have been over 100 cases of Ebola with more than 50%
of the patients dying within days of their acute symptoms. Ebola is classified as a biosafety level four agent because of its extreme pathogenicity and
the lack of a vaccine or antiviral drug. Ebola virus (Zaire ebolavirus); Sudan virus (Sudan ebolavirus); TaГЇ Forest virus (TaГЇ Forest ebolavirus,
formerly CГґte d'Ivoire ebolavirus); and Bundibugyo virus (Bundibugyo ebolavirus). The fifth, Reston virus (Reston ebolavirus), has caused
disease in nonhuman primates, but not in humans. Ebola has spread between countries starting in Guinea then spreading across land borders to
Sierra Leone and Liberia, Nigeria, USA, Senegal and Mali. Ebola has been presented for more than 35 years; however, the largest outbreak began
in West Africa in March 2014. Ebola was previously reported in: Nigeria, Senegal, Spain, United States, Mali, and United Kingdom. However,
there are no current cases of Ebola in these countries. There were four people who were diagnosed with Ebola in the United States. The two brought
ebola into the country while the other two contracted the disease after caring for an Ebola patient in the United States. One man however died from
the disease and the other three recovered and are now free of Ebola. Most of these cases were due to people traveling from a country where ebola was
present. This outbreak cause severe and

The Hot Zone: Ebola Virus
It is vital to understand deadly viruses and their history in order to prevent future outbreaks. Ebola leaves very few clues after annihilating its victims,
so it is incredibly important to analyze those clues. Ebola's close relationship to monkeys contains key knowledge that could hold the secret to its
success. Paying close attention to how Ebola is spreading and mutating could lead researchers to the answer for preventing the contraction of it.
Discovering where and how the virus first emerged could lead to Ebola's end. Ebola and Marburg are diseases that are often discussed together due to
their similarities. Ebola and Marburg are both filoviruses. According to Richard Preston in his novel The Hot Zone, "Marburg was the first filovirus ...
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The control monkeys were never injected with the Ebola virus; they were placed across the room from the sick monkeys. After the control monkeys
were found to be infected with Ebola it was proposed that "Ebola drifted across a room. Most likely the control monkeys inhaled it into their lungs"
(Preston 93–94). Finding out that Ebola was possibly spread through the air posed as a large problem as Karl Johnson explained to Preston in an
interview, "If Ebola had spread through the air, the world would be a very different place today... It would have been exceedingly difficult to contain
that virus if it had had any major respiratory component" (Preston 121). The Ebola strain that Johnson encountered appeared to not be spread through
the air, however there is substantial evidence that other strains are. "In 2012 Canadian researchers found that Ebola Zaire, which is involved in the
current outbreak, was passed from pigs to monkeys in the air" (Cohen 1). Ebola is aggressive enough that some researchers believe it is able to enter a
person's bloodstream through a small scrape (Preston 142–143). Ebola was actually spread by medical staff in some areas such as the Yambuku
Hospital where nuns used five needles a day for hundreds of their patients. This mixed blood and gave Ebola the opportunity to spread (Preston 102). It

Argumentative Essay On The Ebola Virus
Introduction Majority of people acknowledge that the Ebola and Zika virus are two of the most life–threatening diseases that are incurable. According
to American scientists, the Ebola virus originated from direct and indirect human contacts and animals in Guinea meanwhile the Zika virus was
influenced by mosquitos from Brazil which makes pregnant women more vulnerable to the Zika virus than anyone else since it could lead to several
birth defects. Even though the Zika virus was discovered more than 80 years ago, scientists still haven't made any progress in finding a cure.
Fortunately, Mumbai scientists have stumbled upon the idea horse antibiotics can cleanse the Ebola virus spreading throughout the organ systems, not
to mention that it's affordable for those from low income families but we still don't know if it'll work. As a result, every individual should understand
how lethal the Ebola and Zika virus are due to it unknown vaccination that scientists are still trying to uncover.
Arguments
Apparently, there are more than 3000 species of mosquitoes living today and it's possible that any of those mosquitos we encounter may be infected
with the Zika virus. Moreover, the Zika virus is extremely hazardous towards pregnant since it can lead to microcephaly which is a disorder that
causes newborn babies to become retarded. On top of that, the Ebola is equally dangerous for all individuals who are being diagnosed this virus
ascribed to how our organs will begin to fail

The Ebola Virus is an extremely deadly virus found in Africa. There have been multiple outbreaks across Africa and one in the United States. The Ebola
virus basically causes uncontrollable bleeding externally and internally. Then your organs become liquefied. This usually results in
death(www.encyclopedia.com). The following report contains info on the characteristics and history of the Ebola Virus.
After being infected with the Ebola virus it takes 2–21 days to take effect. It depends if you had a direct infection, such as a hypodermic needle or a
syringe, or a less direct infection, such as close contact(www.lfc.edu/`musilam/bio3.html 3). This is just enough time to get on a plane and spread it to
people in another area. This could ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Disposing of an Ebola virus casualty is also a way to catch the virus because viral presence remains after death.
The Ebola virus is negatively stranded RNA type. It requires a polymerse transformation to reproduce. This leaves the virus subject to genetic code
errors creating subtypes of Ebola. There are four known subtypes of the Ebola virus. The original subtype was Ebola Zaire (www.netLibrary.com).
Diagnosis of the Ebola virus is very hard to do. You need a specialized laboratory to perform the blood test. These laboratories are not available
commercially, so basically only the government can do it. The lab is an extreme bio hazard. It is conducted under maximum containment conditions.
There is no specific treatment or cure for the Ebola virus. Given it has about a 90% death rate, and this is really, really high. The treatment that is
given involves intensive nursing to replace lost body fluids and to prevent shock, renal failure, depletion of blood pressure. Mixing plasma and whole
blood have been used but there were no appropriate clinical trials, so their effectiveness is unknown.
Prevention of the Ebola virus is more useful than the treatments. Improving sanitation is an important thing to do in rural African countries. Any
victims need to be isolated as soon as possible. Quarantining of infected people from others plays a major role. People who have been in close contact
with the infected

Ebola Virus Disease
Ebola virus Ebola Virus Disease is previously known as Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever which is the most virulent and rapidly widespread epidemic in the
history (1) (2). In 1976, the disease was first discovered by Dr. Peter Piotin in two tropical regions, initially in Sudan, and followed by another one in
village in Democratic Republic of the Congo near to Ebola River, since then it has been decided to name the fetal disease depending on the place
where the disease has been discovered. EVD can affect human and other primates by direct contact with Ebola patient's body fluids, infected
primates, or due to sex (1)(3). The symptoms usually appear from 2 to 21 days after the exposure of Ebola virus (3). There is yet no documented
medication ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From 2–21 days is the incubation period of EVD (3). Multisystem of the body are affected by Ebola virus including respiratory, gastrointestinal,
neurological, and vascular system (10). The onset of the symptoms may involve; fever, chills, decrease of the appetite, headache, and weakness. Some
of the previous symptoms might develop into the next level; bloody or non–bloody diarrhea, belly ache, vomiting, and rash. Unfortunately, some of the
problems will affect permanently after recovering such as, headache, eye and joint pain, and tiredness (6). On the other hand, a cured person from
EVD has a good benefit from his disease which is his immune system becomes stronger against the disease at least for 10 years due to the developed
antibodies (11) . During 6–9 weeks the infected person may die, yet a high chance of survival from the disease via rehydration and earlier treatment for
the symptoms

Ebola Virus Research Paper
The Ebola Virus, also called hemorrhagic fever, is a highly contagious and often fatal disease. Ebola is a very rare disease caused through an
infection with a strain of Ebola Virus. Ebola is spread through through direct contact with bodily fluids from a victim who already shows the
symptoms. Some common symptoms are fever, fatigue, weakness, reddened eyes, joint and muscle pain, headache, and extreme nausea. Symptoms
may become prevalent any time between 3 and 21 days. No pathologist today is altogether sure where the disease originated, However, there is
significant evidence revealing the first outbreak of this disease occurred in 1976, located in Sub Saharan Africa. The evidence in this outbreak indicates
that the source of the disease ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Afghanistan has approximately 31 million citizens, making it the 42nd most populated country. However, Afghanistan's cities are crowded and with
their lack of infrastructure can lead to a rapid spread of a virulent disease such as Ebola. This is why it is extremely important to not only stop diseases
from beginning, but also to prevent the spread of Ebola. First, it is apparent that the UN must take a stronger stand to improve medical infrastructure in
developing nations as well as states that have been under immense economic pressures as a result from wars in the past and current infighting
/rebellions. Afghanistan proposes implementing micro consignment loans to move these

Current Outbreak Of The Ebola Virus
.
What is Ebola? Ebola, also called Hemorrhagic Fever is a rare deadly disease caused by infection with a strain of ebola virus. This organism causes
fever, headache, coughing blood, vomiting blood, severe bleeding, organ failure, and leads to death. It is spread through body fluids and blood of
someone who is showing ebola symptoms. Ebola can also be spread by hazardous products (unclean needles or unscreened blood), skin to skin contact,
exchanging saliva (kissing, sharing drinks or food), and making contact with a contaminated surface (doorknob, tissue, etc.).
The most current outbreak of Ebola is in West Africa which was discovered in March of 2014 and is considered one of the biggest Ebola outbreaks
since Ebola was discovered in 1976. The countries affected the most by this virus are Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone. These countries do not have
a stable economy which means they cannot afford the tools and technology to study the virus. In 2014 there were 9,936 Ebola victims but only 4,877
died that year. The virus has an extremely high risk of death. It kills between 25 and 90 percent of those infected by Ebola. Recovery from Ebola
usually depends on care and the patient's immune system's response to the treatment. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ebola was found in 1976 near the Ebola River which is now the democratic republic of the Congo. Since then, many people have caught the virus. The
first Ebola outbreak infected only a little over 284 people. A couple months later, the second Ebola virus

Ebola Virus In The Hot Zone
Ebola Zaire, arguably the deadliest known virus strain on earth, held a mortality rate up to ninety percent in the past, and is the hottest type of Ebola
Viral Diseases. In addition, there are four other types of Ebola species: Ebola Sudan, Ebola Ivory Coast, Bundibugyo ebolavirus, and Ebola Reston.
Notably, the earliest of Ebola outbreaks being from Ebola Sudan and Ebola Zaire, both erupted during 1976 in Africa. Previously known as the Ebola
haemorrhagic fever, these virus are known to cause tremors and convulsions in its host, resulting in the splattering of blood which is used as its strategy
for transmission. Other ways of contracting Ebola is through contact with patient's bodily fluids and aerosolized secretions in the air. Furthermore, the
novel The Hot Zone written by Richard Preston, along with online sources from Gale's database also indicates that virus outbreaks are partly aided
through factors such as close ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During the burial process, mourning relatives embraced and kissed the dead body. In particular, secret societies ran burial sites which adhered to the
practice of sleeping next to corpses while other traditions involves the act of bathing and anointing others in the water rinsed off from the deceased. As
a result, the virus particles are transmitted through percolated bodily fluids and uncoagulated blood. In fact, according to WHO(World Health
Organization), reports demonstrated that from sixty up to eighty percent of Ebola cases in the 2014 outbreak in West Africa are associated with burial
traditions. Likewise, during the emergence Ebola Sudan, the virus was further spread through the intimate relationships between P.G.and his mistresses
as said in The Hot Zone, "The agent jumped easily from person to person, apparently through touching and sexual contact." (Preston

The Hot Zone Ebola Virus
Ebola is described by the author in deep detail telling the progression of which it goes through. It starts with a headache and backache and ends with
all of your internal organs failing "bleeding out" like Charles Monet. There are four filoviruses: Ebola virus (EBOV), Sudan virus (SUDV), Marburg
virus (MARV), and Ravn virus (RAVV). They are all Level 4 biohazard, which means they are extremely dangerous to humans especially because they
are so infectious, have a high death rate, and there are no medicines, treatments, or cures.
Charles Monet is the first character you are introduced to in The Hot Zone. He is visiting Kitum Cave at Mount Elgon in Central Africa. Shortly after
arriving he begins to get sick. His symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea

Ebola Virus Disease
Ebola Virus Disease
Richard Wakeland
St. Petersburg College
Ebola Virus Disease
Ebola virus disease (EVD) formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever is an often fatal disease caused by a virus. This virus can cause severe
hemorrhagic fever in humans (Occupational Safety & Health Administration [OSHA], N.D.). With world worldwide attention for its high mortality
rate, lack of effective treatment or vaccination EVD has become an important public health pathogen (Feldmann & Geisbert, 2011).
Since 1976, there have been 26 outbreaks of EVD resulting in an estimated 18,000 cases that has led to mortality rate of approximately 7100
individuals (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2014a). Cases of EVD have been sporadic and limited ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(2014a). Outbreaks chronology: Ebola virus disease. Retrieved November 25, 2014, from http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/outbreaks/history
/chronology.html#modalIdString_outbreaks
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014b). Guidelines for Evaluation of US Patients Suspected of Having Ebola Virus Disease. Retrieved
November 27, 2014, from http://emergency.cdc.gov/han/han00364.asp
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014c). Guidance on Personal Protective Equipment To Be Used by Healthcare Workers During
Management of Patients with Ebola Virus Disease in U.S. Hospitals, Including Procedures for Putting On (Donning) and Removing (Doffing).
Retrieved November 27, 2014, from http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/procedures–for–ppe.html
Chertow, D., Kleine, C., Edwards, J., Scaini, R., Giuliani, R., & Sprecher, A. (2014). Ebola virus disease in WestAfrica – Clinical manifestations and
management. Retrieved November 25, 2014, from http://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMp1413084
Dowell, S., Mukunu, R., Ksiazek, T., Khan, A., Rollins, P., & Peters, C. J. (1999). Transmission of Ebola hemorrhagic fever: A study of risk factors in
family members, Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 179(Supplement 1), S87–S91. Retrieved from

In the year 1976, Ebola climbed out of its unknown hiding place, and caused the death of 340 people. Fear gripped the victims' faces, and uncertainty
tortured their minds. The people of Zaire waited outside clinics, churches and in their homes for a treatment of the horrible disease, but there was no
cure. They were forced to watch people die, hoping that they would be saved from the violent death of the Ebola virus. From the year of 1976 to the
present date of 1996, researchers have searched for origin and cure of the virus. Scientist have carried out numerous studies and investigations, but no
one has been able to find the right explanations.
Prevention of a world wide outbreak lies within the education of what the virus is capable of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ebola can spread by the reuse of hypodermic needles, which occurs frequently in underdeveloped countries like Zaire and Sudan, but it is unlikely to
become infected by close contact with persons infected who show no symptoms. The Ebola virus spreads through the blood and is replicated in organs,
including the liver, lymphatic organs, and kidneys. The central lesions appear to be those affecting the vascular endothelium and the platelets.
The resulting symptoms are bleeding, especially in the nose, abdomen, and pericardium. Capillary leakage appears to lead to loss of intravascular
volume, bleeding, shock and the acute respiratory disorder seen in fatal cases. Patients basically die of intractable shock. Those with severe illness
often have fevers and are delirious, combative and difficult to control.Some victims of the Ebola virus, one out of ten people infected, survive the
virus's deadly operations. Due to its self–limiting nature, the Ebola virus is known to sometimes die out within a person before killing the host
organism. Just like the history of wars and other social epidemics, the Ebola outbreaks need to be remembered and learned from.
The first two Ebola outbreaks were in 1976, in the countries of Zaire and western Sudan. These were large outbreaks, resulting in more than 550 cases
and 340 deaths. In 1979, Ebola mysteriously appeared in

The Ebola Virus
INTRODUCTION
The most deadly killers on this earth are too small to see with the naked eye. These microscopic predators are viruses. In my report, I will answer
many basic questions concerning one of the fastest killing viruses, the
Ebola virus. Questions such as "How does it infect its victims?", "How are
Ebola victims treated?", "How are Ebola outbreaks controlled?" and many others related to this deadly virus.
GENERAL INFORMATION
The Ebola virus is a member of the negative stranded RNA viruses known as filoviruses. There are four different strains of the Ebola virus – Zaire
(EBOZ), Sudan (EBOS), Tai (EBOT) and Reston (EBOR). They are very similar except for small serological differences and gene sequence... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is also spread through contact with the patients skin which carries the virus. Spread can be accomplish either by person to person transmission,
needle transmission or through sexual contact. Person to person transmission occurs when people have direct contact with Ebola patients and do not
have suitable protection. Family members and doctors who contract the virus usually obtain it from this type of transmission. Needle transmission
occurs when needles, which have been used on
Ebola patients, are reused. This happens frequently in developing countries such as Zaire and Sudan because the heath care is underfinanced. A lucky
person who has recovered from the Ebola virus can also infect another person though sexual contact. This is because the person may still carry the
virus in his/her genital. A fourth method of transmission is airborne transmission. This type is not proven 100% although there have been several
experiments done to prove that this type of transmission is highly possible. The time between the invasion of Ebola and the appearance of its
symptoms (incubation period) is 2–21 days. HOW IT IS DIAGNOSED
Diagnosing the Ebola virus may take up to 10 days. The methods used to detect the virus are very slow, compared to how rapid Ebola can kill its
victims. Blood or

Tracking the Ebola Virus
These past years I spent my time tracking the virus of Ebola as well as its various strains all over the world. At first I didn't know of the disease,
only of the mysterious deaths. I had heard a rumor of a man by the name of Monet who had become mysteriously sick with a disease that none
have seen. This information led me to Nairobi, Kenya where the man was supposed to be. When I arrived at Nairobi Hospital I didn't encounter
the man of my search. I questioned a nurse, who asked not to be named, and she stated "A very sick man named Monet came to the hospital
looking very zombie like and died but not before exploding over the waiting room and the doctors and nurses who were operating on him. Also Dr.
Musoke was infected and is now unconscious." I then started to search for Dr. Silverstein who had cared for Dr. Musoke. When I found Dr.
Silverstein I told him what I why I was there. Though he was reluctant to reveal information, I convinced him to tell me that Dr. Musoke was
positive for a virus known as Marburg. Apparently He had never heard of Marburg so I went to investigate. My sources found out that Marburg is an
African virus but was first discovered in Marburg, Germany. In 1967 a factory that was working with African green monkeys from Uganda. The virus
spread throughout the monkeys causing monkeys to crash and bleed out, and soon after the virus jumped species and infect first a man called Klaus F.
The virus spread killing seven of the thirty one people who were

The Epidemic Of The Ebola Virus
Science has offered mankind various alternative methods to stop diseases from invading the human body. Whether, it be a vaccine, a pill, or various
collaborative methods, mankind is in the pursuit of controlling and isolating the Ebola virus disease. Ebola is a disease that not only consumes the
lives of many, but also consumes the infrastructure of many villages, towns, and their way of life. TheEbola virus is one of the most dangerous diseases
because it suppresses the immune system, damages the vascular system, leads to multiple organ failure, and hemorrhagic fever along with a chain of
various other symptoms. It is not one single phase of Ebola that has up to a 90 percent mortality rate 1, but a wave of multiple body systems failures
that disintegrates the human body as a whole. The virus' ability to attack the human body has driven man to expand on various new methods to
counteract the destruction it has had on the Central and Western African. Understanding the Ebola virus disease, its strains, and its ability to suppress
the immune system, has driven the collaboration of health organizations to design and implement projects that will control and reduce the spread of
Ebola. The Ebola virus belongs to a family of negative–strand RNA viruses called Filoviridae, which are classified as Zoonotic diseases 2. Zoonotic
diseases are caused by animals that contain the virus within them. There are a total of four Ebola species grouped as Filoviridae that can cause the

The Ebola Virus Disease
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe often fatal illness that causes bleeding and organ fatal illness that causes bleeding and organ failure. It was first
discovered in 1976, in which is transmitted through blood contact and/or other bodily fluids; someone who has died and was infected by the virus;
contaminated objects; and/or through invasive treatments (Eckes, 2016). There are many challenges and risks with the Ebola virus. Not only does it
affect every human being but it is a bigger risk to those in the healthcare setting. When an individual contracts the virus or is exposed to the virus, he
or she is watched for 21 days for signs and symptom. If an individual catches a fever or have other signs, he or she is immediately isolated, tested,

Essay about The Ebola Virus
"You have to admire its simplicity. It's one billionth our size and it's beating us."– – Spoken by Colonel Sam Daniels, a character in the fictional movie
about Ebola, Outbreak.
The Ebola virus is the most feared virus of our time. What exactly is Ebola? Ebola is a viral hemorrhagic fever actually named after the River Ebola in
Zaire, Africa, where it was first discovered. It belongs to a genus of ribonucleic viruses called filoviruses, under the family Filofiridae, which are
characterized by their filament–like (thread–like) appearance with a little hook or loop at the end. Only five viruses exist in this family: the
not–as–deadly Marburg, and the four Ebola strains: Ebola Zaire, Ebola Sudan, Ebola Tai and Ebola Reston. The latter... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
(Tables I and II)
The viruses in this family range from 800 to 1000 nanometers in length. Marburg and Ebola are distinguished by their length after purification.
Infectivity depends on particular lengths: the longer, the more infectious. All Ebola viruses measure up to about the same length. Each virus particle
consists of a helical–coiled tube made of four virally encoded proteins. This strand of RNA is found in an envelope formed from the host's plasma cell
membrane, which is now spiked with another carbohydrate–coated viral protein. Differences in gene sequence and very small differences in serological
nature are what make each Ebola virus unique from each other, with its own antigenic and biological properties.
The time needed for Ebola virus replication in infected body cells takes less than eight hours. Hundreds to thousands of new viral particles can be
produced and released from the host cell within days or even hours before the host cell dies. This replication process is repeated several times in an
Ebola patient before symptoms begin to show.
The diagnosis of Ebola is made by the detection of Ebola antibodies, antigens or genetic material, or by the culture of the virus, in blood or other
bodily fluid specimens that are examined in specialized laboratory tests. Such tests present a very extreme biohazard, so they are conducted in special
high–containment laboratories to ensure maximum protection for scientists.

Chronic Disease: The Ebola Virus
Fever, severe headache, joint and muscle aches, the chills and weakness (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). Those are just some of the early symptoms of
Zaire ebolavirus. This virus is also known as EBOV, Ebola hemorrhagic fever, and the Ebola virus (Mulherkar, Raaben, Torre, Whelan, & Chandran,
2011). A couple days after the earlysymptoms appear, infected people start to feel nausea, vomit, have bloody diarrhea, red eyes, raised rash, chest pain
and cough, stomach pain, severe weight loss, bleeding from the eyes and internal bleeding. Within days of infection, and without proper treatment, the
infected person perishes (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). However, with a vaccine that would prevent the spread of Ebola, people may never experience these
symptoms ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Unlike most vaccines, it does not contain any Zaire ebolavirus nor any other strain of the disease (National Institute of Health, 2014). This eliminates
the possibility of the vaccine causing a person injected with the vaccine to get sick because of it. cAd3–EBOV is one of the two Ebola vaccines that
are further along in clinical trials. cAd3–EBOV has shown 100% effectiveness in nonhuman primates. cAd3–EBOV is being tested in both a
monovalent form and a bivalent form. The monovalent form is based on Zaire ebolavirus, which is the cause of the current epidemic. The bivalent
form is based on Sudan ebolavirus. Both forms will be tested in a nonrandomized trial with 60 adult volunteers (Park, 2014). The trial will evaluate
the safety, side effects, and immunogenicity of the vaccines (Kanapathipillai et al., 2014). The phase 1 clinical trial consisted of 20 healthy adults,
with 10 each being injected intramuscularly at one of two dosage rates. All 20 volunteers developed Ebola antibodies within 4 weeks of injection.
Volunteers that received the higher dose developed larger amounts of Ebola antibodies. There were no side effects, except for a short duration fever in
only 2 of the

Ebola Virus Disease ( Ebv )
Ebola virus disease (EBV), or just Ebola, is an acute, often fatal illness, with a case fatality rate of up to 90%. It is one of a number of haemorrhagic
fever diseases. Ebola is a single–stranded RNA virus with an unusual, variable–length, branched morphology. The helical capsid is enclosed inside a
membrane.. It is one of the world's most virulent diseases. The Ebola virus is a member of the Filoviridae family. There are 5 known subtypes of Ebola.
The infection is transmitted by direct contact with the blood, body fluids and tissues of infected animals or people. The current hypothesis is that fruit
bats are the original host of the virus. Ebola was introduced into the human population through close contact with the blood, secretions, ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The virus also inhibits interferon which is a molecule that cells make use of to further retard viral reproduction.
The exact process what happens next is not fully known but the virus attacks the connective tissue and reproduces at an extremely fast rate in the
collagen, digesting the tissue as it goes. The virus can ultimately cause viral hemorrhagic fever. When the macrophages in our body register the virus
and consume it, they end up becoming infected and are manipulated to release proteins that trigger coagulation – create small clots in the blood. This
leads to the blood slowly thickening and therefore a decreased blood flow. As the clots begin to get stuck in the blood vessels, the patient begins to
exhibit red spots on the skin–the rash. As the disease progresses, these clots and their spots increase in size. Another more serious effect of the Ebola
virus's clotting factor is the decreased blood supply to the vital areas of the body such as the liver, brain, kidneys, lungs, intestines, testicles and
extremities ultimately causing a multi–organ failure or septic shock.
The macrophages also produce other inflammatory signalling proteins and nitric oxide, which damage the lining of blood vessels, causing them to leak
and sometimes burst. The content leaks out, and the damage and presence of the virus particles activates

Ebola Virus Disease
Thwarting an infectious disease from getting out of control necessitates efforts that identify it as soon as it first presents itself. The Ebola Virus
Disease (EVD) claimed its first victims as early as December 2013 in West Africa yet was never suspected until later around February 2014. This is
because EVD had never been seen in WestAfrica. Since its discovery, the virus that causes the disease had only been virulent in sporadic outbreaks
elsewhere in Africa –specifically the DRC (1995 and 2012) and in Uganda (2000 and 2008)1 both countries miles away with no shared boundaries.
Patients infected with EVD typically initially present with nonspecific symptoms such as fever, vomiting, and severe diarrhea, with visible hemorrhage
occurring ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The hard hit nations have inadequate capacities to detect, treat and slow down the transmission of EVD. The outbreak consequently overwhelmed
governments and health systems that were already inundated. Feeble health systems and a seeming void in effective global health governance resulted
into an unprecedented EVD outbreak. To help stop Ebola and contain the situation in those affected countries reflects positively on the donor
countries as well. The U.S for one would not just be assisting the nationals of Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone but also its own citizens by preventing
a possible spread that could be very well associated with exponentially higher costs and health consequences. Currently, the US has no billing or ICD–9
diagnosis code for Ebola13, hampering the ability of health facilities and personnel to comply for 'Ebola protocols'. Gerard Anderson, a professor at
the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg school of Public health estimates average bills of $18,000 to $24,000 daily including intensive care costs plus costs of
losing revenue by isolating patients14. It is additionally not clear whether insurance can or is willing to pay for extras associated with treatment, for
instance protective (hazmat) suits,

Comparison Of The Ebola Virus
Essay 1;2014 Comparison of the Ebola outbreak and the CDC study module for "Gastroenteritis at a University in Texas"
1) Ebola Virus– Belongs to the family Filoviridae. It has a single–stranded –sRNA genome, so it uses a RNA polymerase to create the +sRNA
template, which acts as mRNA inside the host cell. The envelope is made up of peptidoglycan; the structure is made up of 7 structural proteins and 1
non–structural protein. This means it is an enveloped and susceptible to the outside environment. The Ebola virus replicates in Monocytes,
Macrophages and Dendritic Cells. When the Ebola virus is ready to leave the host cell it buds out and takes part of the cell membrane with it. Ebola
has an incubation period of 8–10 days. (CDC) Norovirus– ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These symptoms are also similar to the symptoms caused by the common cold or the flu. Most people are not going to be running to the
emergency room if they have a slight fever, headache, or nausea. This can make it difficult to contain these viruses once an initial infection
happens in the host. An infected person may travel to another area unaware that they are carrying one of these diseases. Both of these viruses do
not have a vaccine or real treatment. The best ways to "treat" these are to let them pass and allow the immune system to fight the virus off.
Norovirus is not as serious as the Ebola and most of the persons infected can fight it off in a few days. Getting rest and keeping the body healthy.
The Ebola is more serious, the fatality rate according to WHO is 50%. The best way to handle this is to isolate the person and give them IVs and
hope their immune system is strong enough to fight off the virus. If they can fight off the virus they will recover, but if not then the virus kills the
host. Since Ebola has no cure this plays to the advantage of controlling the virus. When someone has contracted the virus action is taken very quickly
to isolate and quarantine. The source of the virus is put as top priority to stop the spread. Because it is so serious controlling it when it arises is the
number one objective. The Norovirus is foodborne virus. So tracking the source and removing it in

Ebola Virus Epidemic Analysis
The Ebola virus epidemic has been one of the most significant outbreaks in 2014. Ebola has caught the attention of many, for the infection is
life–threatening. Obtaining knowledge about the disease is imperative. There are numerous symptoms, risks, material on the subject and ways to
prevent Ebola. The malignant virus affects society greatly, yet there are various precautions that can be taken to secure yourself. Although the virus
became such an impact on recent events, Ebola originated several years prior. The virus was discovered in 1976 near the Ebola River Valley in Zaire.
The infection was named after the river nearby but the location is now known as the Democratic Republic of the Congo. "The WHO director–general
declared the West African outbreak a public health emergency of international concern under the International Health Regulation" (Ebola Outbreak).
Since then, many cases have appeared sporadically and have left many in fear. Two imported cases were reported in the U.S. but precautions are
being taken to prevent the virus from spreading frantically. Ebola, previously known as a hemorrhagic fever, is a deadly disease... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
People remain infectious as long as they have blood that contains the virus. As the virus spreads through the body, it can cause levels of blood–clotting
cells to drop and lead to severe and uncontrollable bleeding. Case fatality rates have varied from 25% to 90% in outbreaks (Ebola VD). Determining
if Ebola in a person who has been infected for a few days is difficult due to nonspecific early symptoms. If the transmission is possible, the patient
should be isolated and the public health professionals should be aware. Early supportive care with rehydration, symptom treatment improves survival.
The virus has various symptoms that could lead to any diagnosis and should take matters

Ebola Virus Is A Serious Virus Disease
Ebola Virus is a serious transmitted disease by both humans and animals. The disease first appeared in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks, one in
Nzara, Sudan, and the other in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo. The latter occurred in a village near the Ebola River, from which the virus
received its name. Ebola Virus is a member of the negative stranded RNA viruses known as filoviruses. There are currently, five different strains of the
Ebola Virus including, Zaire (EBOV), Sudan (SUDV), Bundibuguyo (BDBV), TaГЇ Forest (TAFV) and Reston (RESTV). Each of the strains of the
virus are very closely related including Reston which only effects animals. Yet, Ebola Zaire is the most highly virulent subtype, often leading to death.
All of the different types of the virus are extremely dangerous and often cause death if untreated.
Description:
Ebola is an acute, infectious, hemorrhagic viral fever. It is an enveloped, single stranded, unsegmented, negative sense RNA virus. The genomes
(complete set of genes) of the five different Ebola viruses differ in sequence and the number and location of gene overlaps. Ebola virons are
filamentous particles that can appear in the shape of a shepherd's crook, a "6", a "U", coiled, toroid or branched. The virons of the disease are
roughly 80 nm (nanometers) in width and can be as long as 14,000 nm. Yet the average length of a viron is approximately 920 nm.
Transmission:
Fruit Bats of the Pteropodidae family are thought of as

The Ebola Virus Affected The World
Ebola hemorrhagic fever, also known as Ebola is a deadly disease that can be caused by one of the various types of Ebola viruses. Ebola affects
primarily humans or nonhuman primates like chimpanzees or gorillas, but recent research has discovered that other animals such as dogs, antelopes,
fruit bats, and pigs can be affected as well. It is believed that fruit bats are reservoir hosts to the virus and are the main method that the virus is
transmitted to other beings. The virus is usually introduced to humans through blood, secretions, or organs or meat of animals that have been infected,
but have not been thoroughly cooked or cleansed.
The Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976, near the Ebola River, in what is now known as the Democratic Republic of Congo. The different species
of Ebola include: Bundibugyo, Reston, TaГЇ forest, Sudan, and Zaire ebolavirus. Each species of Ebola has affected the world differently, for example,
the Zaire strain is considered the most dangerous as it has the highest mortality rate and has also been the strain that has ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The 2014 Ebola epidemic was actually caused by the Ebola Zaire strain and is now known as the largest outbreak of said virus in history. The virus
affected a

The Ebola Virus
The Ebola Virus
A virus is an ultramicroscopic infectious organism that, having no independent metabolic activity, can replicate only within a cell of another host
organism. A virus consists of a core of nucleic acid, either RNA or DNA, surrounded by a coating of antigenic protein and sometimes a lipid layer
surrounds it as well. The virus provides the genetic code for replication, and the host cell provides the necessary energy and raw materials. There are
more than 200 viruses that are know to cause disease in humans. The Ebola virus, which dates back to 1976, has four strains each from a different
geographic area, but all give their victims the same painful, often lethal symptoms. The Ebola virus is a member of a family of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Close contact and dirty needles spread the Ebola virus. The center of the epidemic in Zaire involved a missionary hospital where they reused needles
and syringes without sterilization. Most of the staff of the hospital got sick and died. This outbreak infected 318 with a death rate of 93% (Le
Guenno et al. 1271). Another fatal case was reported one year later in Zaire but nothing major ever became of it. The most recent case recorded was
the infamous breakout in Kikwit, Zaire. This breakout had the world in an uproar about the possibility of this virus spreading out globally. This
outbreak appeared to have started with a patient who had surgery in Kikwit on April 10,
1995. Members of the surgical team then developed symptoms similar to those of a viral hemorrhagic fever disease (Ebola Info. from the CDC 2).
From there, the disease spread to more than 300 others. The most frequent symptoms at the onset were fever (94%), diarrhea (80%), and server
weakness (74%); other symptoms included dysphagia (41%) and hiccups (15%). Clinical signs of bleeding occurred in 38% of cases (JAMA 274:
373). The World Heath Organization declared on
August 24, 1995 that the outbreak of Ebola Zaire in Kikwit was officially over after killing 244 of its 315 known victims ("Ebola Outbreak Officially
Over" 1).
This outbreak had a rate of death over 75%. Ebola Sudan also occurred in 1976 about the same time as Ebola Zaire.
The number of cases was 284 with a death rate of 53% (Le

The Epidemic Of Ebola Virus Ebola
The virus Ebola, or formally known as Ebola haemorrhagic fever, is something most, if not all, Americans have heard of in these past few months
since it has taken American media by storm. Ebola is a severe, often fatal illness, with an astonishingly high case fatality rate. It is considered one of
the world's most virulent diseases and is transmitted by direct contact with the blood, body fluids and tissues of infected animals or people ("Ebola
Virus Disease"). This, however, is not the only aspect of Ebola that should be considered. Even though it is often difficult to accept that humanity has
an innate stereotypical attitude and a dormant racism that surfaces in times of distress (like the Ebola outbreak), it is crucial to recognize that the
virus Ebola has not only the power to evoke physiological harm, but also political and social harm. It is slowly worsening an already fragile Western
society, weakened from previous years of blatant racism and constant fear. Therefore, the naive American public should care to examine the virus
Ebola from a sociological viewpoint, in addition to a medical one. Western culture has peculiar views on global disease in the twenty–first century,
especially since geographical location largely contributes to a global public health inequality. Consequently, the American media 's portrayal of people
of color, specifically Thomas Duncan and President Barack Obama, contributes to and sheds light on the healthcare disparity in the United States.

Often people are reluctant to become involved in a situation unless it directly affects them. This paper will prove that the Ebola virus is a serious
problem facing the world's population. In the United States today, we are not at risk for being infected; however, it is better to be prepared for the
worst than to be caught off guard. AIDS was the first of these African viruses to escape the wilds of the Third World and harm others in the world.
AIDS was ignored for too long before it began its' global rampage.
Ebola, which was first encountered by humans in 1976, has slowly been weaving its way into the human race. In 2014, Ebola began to strike humans
outside of Africa. This is a scary time for Americans as well as all... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the city of Kikwit, where Kimfumu fell ill, roughly 300,000 citizens were at risk (Contreras 49). Only 300 miles away lies the capital city of
Kinshasa, where 5 million people awaited the virus. Luckily, the outbreak burned itself out after killing 245 in Kikwit last May, 1995 (Contreras 49).
Of those who died, three Red Cross volunteers and four nuns fell victim to the evil virus as a result of the unsanitary medical conditions (49).
It is very important for people to realize why these deadly viruses keep evolving and reappearing. Deforestation, climatic changes, and road building
are just a few of the many man–made changes which can affect the "normal state of things." "Suddenly, people become exposed to unknown
diseases and viruses" (Brownlee 61). It seems that as soon as medical experts cure a virus or clean up an outbreak, another one quickly appears.
Legionnaires disease, Lyme's disease, and hantavirus are just a few examples of often deadly diseases scientists are being forced to fight (Caldwell 16).
When trying to detect what type of virus is attacking an organism, appearance is the most important element. The Ebola virus looks like a thread with a
loop at one end, sometimes in the shape of the number six (6) (Guntheroth 36). First, the virus attacks the healthy cells of the human body and invades
their nucleus. Next, the virus' genetic code is injected into the nucleus, and the previously healthy cell becomes

The Outbreak Of Ebola Virus
The Ebola virus is a pandemic that is of much concern around the world, lately. It was not always a concern of this magnitude. Ebolavirus is the
etiologic agent. It is a relatively new virus, introduced just in 1970. It was first discovered in Sudan and Zaire (it was named after the Ebola river is
Zaire). The first outbreak occurred in Sudan infecting about 284 people, with a mortality rate of 53% (Waterman, 1999). Just a few months later, the
second strain of the Ebola virus (Eboz) became prevalent in Zaire. It had a much higher mortality rate than the strand in Sudan (Ebola–Sudan) of 88%
and is still to this day the strain of Ebola with the highest mortality rate. It infected 318 people during the outbreak of Zaire. Two more strains of this
deadly virus were discovered in 1989 and in 1994, but the mortality rate of those not as high as their predecessors. Most of the Ebola cases throughout
history were located in western and southern Africa in countries such as Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria (CDC, 2014). Recently, within the
last month, Senegal and the US have seen their first cases of the virus. The new cases have brought the total death count from Ebola to 3493. The virus
itself is native to Africa and is extremely prevalent in non–human primates and bats. There is a vast majority of the population in Africa that consumes
these infected animals, which is believed to be how humans first contracted the disease (Ehrlich, 2014). Just like any virus, Ebola

The Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)
The Ebola Virus disease (EVD) began at in December 2013 and was announced to the public at 23 March 2014 at Republic of Guinea, then to
Prefecture of Macenta , 80 km to the east .
Ebola is introduced into the human population through close contact with blood, organs and other fluids of infected animals.
People who care for those infected with Ebola should wear protective clothing, including, gloves, gowns and goggles. Ebola experts say that no skin
should be exposed these measures should also be given to people who handle objects that are contaminatedby Ebola victim.
Symptoms usually begin with feeling tired, fever pain in the muscles and joints, headache, and sore throat. The fever is usually higher than 38 В°C.
This is often followed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
People get diarrhoea and are so weak they cant make it to the lavatories so those who look after them are easily exposed to the virus "he says "These
3 little girls had taken their mums linel and clothing to wash, and they all got infected. One died, another nearly pulled through. Only one survived."
This implies that a way to stop Ebola is to keep a safe distance away from the victim. The word "exposed" indicates that you shouldn't go to near them
or you might get the virus.
W.H.O (World Health Organisation) is a big organisation and a very reliable source because it one of the many that has actually sent workers to help
stop Ebola. Dr Saran Tata Camara said "...if we tell that it is not easy to contract Ebola and that they can protect themselves if they respect rules, they
often understand" This shows that if they understand the concept of Ebola they find it easier to keep them selves from having

The Outbreak Of The Ebola Virus

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