The document summarizes several Chinese philosophies and ethical codes: 1. Confucianism focused on social order, good government, and respecting hierarchical relationships and one's elders. The goal was to be good subjects to the emperor. 2. Legalism aimed to maintain social order through strict laws and punishments, recognizing humans as inherently evil. 3. Daoism saw "the Dao" or way of the universe as a natural force, and its goal was living harmoniously with nature. It advocated yielding to avoid conflict and "letting nature take its course."

2. Chinese Philosophies & Ethical Codes By Mrs. Agosta, Mrs. Hassett & Ms. Susan M. Pojer

3. 1. Confucianism

4. a. Based on Confucius’ philosophy – beliefs about how to live b. He believed social order and good gov’t were need b/c of chaos in society

5. c. He believed men were basically good natured d. The best leader rules by example

8. 1. Ruler and Subject 2. Father and Son 3. Husband and Wife 4. Older Brother and Younger Brother 5. Friend and Friend 5 Basic Relationships

11. Confucian Temple Complex

12. 2. Legalism

13. A. Legalism is the philosophy of Hanfeizi B. It is concerned with maintaining social order through strict laws and strict punishments C. Men are naturally evil but learn goodness

14. 3. Daoism

19. 1. Dao [Tao] is the first-cause of the universe. It is a force that flows through all life. 2. A believer’s goal is to become one with Dao ; one with nature. [“The butterfly or the man?” story.] 3. Wu wei --> “Let nature take its course.” --> “The art of doing nothing.” --> “Go with the flow!” 4. Man is unhappy because he lives acc. to man-made laws, customs, & traditions that are contrary to the ways of nature. Major Daoist Principles

20. 1. Rejecting formal knowledge and learning. 2. Relying on the senses and instincts. 3. Discovering the nature and “rhythm” of the universe. 4. Ignoring political and social laws. The "Dao" [Tao] To escape the “social, political, & cultural traps” of life, one must escape by:

22. The Uniqueness of Daoism How is a man to live in a world dominated by chaos, suffering, and absurdity?? Confucianism --> Moral order in society. Legalism --> Rule by harsh law & order. Daoism --> Freedom for individuals and less govt. to avoid uniformity and conformity.

23. What's Your Philosophy of Life?