Disease of lacrimal apperatus.ppt by Optom. Saharukh Alam
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In this ppt, I, mainly focus on disease of lacrimal apperatus very briefly. #Lacrimalgland #Lacrimalapperatus
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Blepharitis is a chronic inflammation of the lid margins.
Etiology
1. It follows chronic conjunctivitis due to Staphyloccocus in
debilitated children usually who are living in poor hygienic
conditions.
2. Parasites such as Demodex folliculorum, Phthiriasis
palpebrarum, crab louse, head louse also cause blepharitis.
A stye is an infection (abcess) of one of the small oil producing glands lining the eyelid, usually caused by the bacteria that are normally found along the eyelids.
A stye can occur on either the upper or lower eyelid.
There are two types of styes, internal and external hordeola.
An internal hordeolum (stye) is a bacterial infection of the meibomian glands inside the eyelids.
Internal styes tend to be more severe and occur a little less often than an external hordeolum.
An external hordeolum (stye) is a bacterial infection of the Glands of Zeis and/or Glands of Moll inside the eyelids.
This type of stye is more superficial and tends to heal more readily.
It is a chronic lipogranulomatous inflammatory lesion caused by blockage of meibomian gland orifices and stagnation of sebaceous secretion.
Patient with acne rosacea or seborhoeic dermatitis are at increased risk of chalazion formation which may be multiple or recurrent.
If it is recurrent, one should think of sebaceous gland carcinoma
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Blepharitis is a common eye condition characterized by inflamed, scaly, red eyelids. It is caused by bacteria, dandruff, or other skin conditions. There are different types of blepharitis that affect the front or back of the eyelids. Symptoms include gritty or burning eyes, excessive tearing, and eyelid crusting. While blepharitis itself is not sight-threatening, it can lead to permanent eyelid changes if left untreated. Treatment focuses on keeping eyelids clean through warm compresses and scrubbing, with antibiotics or steroids possibly prescribed depending on the underlying cause.
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2) Types of ectropion including involutional, cicatricial, and paralytic ectropion. Management focuses on prevention of exposure keratopathy and surgical release of scarring.
3) Benign eyelid tumors like xanthelasma, basal cell papilloma, solar keratosis, and hemangioma are described along with associated characteristics and treatment approaches.
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This document discusses various types of lesions that can occur on the eyelids and surrounding areas. It begins by outlining the main categories of lesions: cysts, inflammation/infections, metabolic changes and degeneration, and tumors. It then focuses on describing different types of cysts that can occur, including inclusion cysts, retention cysts, and dermoid cysts. The document also discusses various types of inflammation and infections, such as blepharitis, hordeolum, chalazion, and bacterial or viral infections. Pathophysiology and treatment options are provided for some conditions like blepharitis, hordeolum, and chalazion. Other inflammatory conditions and infections mentioned include Moll
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This document discusses different types of lid inflammation or blepharitis. It describes anterior blepharitis which can be squamous or ulcerative, and posterior blepharitis which involves meibomian gland dysfunction. Symptoms, signs, and treatments are provided for each type. The document also covers hordeolum externum (stye) and internum, which are inflammatory lid lumps caused by infection of hair follicles or meibomian glands respectively. Treatment involves antibiotics, hot compresses, and occasionally incision and drainage.
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This document provides information on various disorders of the eyelids including infections, inflammations, tumors, and deformities. It discusses common eyelid infections like hordeolum (stye), blepharitis, and chalazion. It also describes different types of eyelid tumors including benign tumors like nevus, capillary hemangioma, and xanthelasma, as well as malignant tumors such as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Additionally, it covers various eyelid positioning anomalies and deformities such as entropion, ectropion, trichiasis, and lagophthalmos. Treatment options are provided for many of the conditions covered.
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Blepharitis is a common eyelid inflammation that can be caused by bacterial infections or dry eye conditions. It is characterized by scaling or crusting of the eyelashes and eyelid margins. There are two main types - anterior blepharitis, which involves inflammation at the base of the eyelashes, and posterior blepharitis, which affects the glands of the eyelid. Symptoms include burning, irritation, tearing and worsening in the morning. Treatment focuses on eyelid hygiene through warm compresses and lid scrubs to remove scales and debris. Blepharitis can exacerbate dry eye and may cause long-term eyelid changes if left untreated. It may also increase risks of certain inflammatory
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common eye lid inflammatory conditions .
stye or hordeolum ( external / internal hordeolum ), lid abscess , chalazion or mebomian retention cyst, accessory lacrimal glands , lacrimal gland etc...
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This document provides an overview of blepharitis, including its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. It defines blepharitis as a chronic condition characterized by an intricate relationship between ocular flora and meibomian gland dysfunction leading to lid inflammation. Key factors in blepharitis include abnormal secretions, organisms like staphylococcus, and a dysfunctional tear film. Diagnosis is mainly clinical but can include cultures, gland expression testing, and meibography. Treatment focuses on lid hygiene like warm compresses, scrubs, and massage as well as managing meibomian gland dysfunction and underlying causes like bacteria, Demodex, or rosacea.
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This document discusses eyelid edema (swelling of the eyelids). It begins with the anatomy and functions of the eyelid. It then discusses the various causes of eyelid edema, including inflammatory, passive, and solid edema. Specific conditions that can cause eyelid swelling like blepharitis, stye, and dacryocystitis are explained. The document also discusses eyelid edema in the context of traditional Ayurvedic medicine, listing various conditions and their treatments according to ancient Ayurvedic texts. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of a thorough history and examination to determine the underlying cause of eyelid swelling.
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This document discusses different types of conjunctivitis including acute membranous conjunctivitis and pseudomembranous conjunctivitis. Acute membranous conjunctivitis involves the formation of a true membrane on the conjunctiva that bleeds when peeled off and can lead to complications like symblepharon. Pseudomembranous conjunctivitis forms a pseudomembrane that can be peeled off easily without bleeding. Both types are caused by bacteria, viruses, or irritants and are treated with topical antibiotics, antivirals, and prevention of complications. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a cause of acute membranous conjunctivitis and requires
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Blepharitis is a chronic inflammation of the lid margins.
Etiology
1. It follows chronic conjunctivitis due to Staphyloccocus in
debilitated children usually who are living in poor hygienic
conditions.
2. Parasites such as Demodex folliculorum, Phthiriasis
palpebrarum, crab louse, head louse also cause blepharitis.
A stye is an infection (abcess) of one of the small oil producing glands lining the eyelid, usually caused by the bacteria that are normally found along the eyelids.
A stye can occur on either the upper or lower eyelid.
There are two types of styes, internal and external hordeola.
An internal hordeolum (stye) is a bacterial infection of the meibomian glands inside the eyelids.
Internal styes tend to be more severe and occur a little less often than an external hordeolum.
An external hordeolum (stye) is a bacterial infection of the Glands of Zeis and/or Glands of Moll inside the eyelids.
This type of stye is more superficial and tends to heal more readily.
It is a chronic lipogranulomatous inflammatory lesion caused by blockage of meibomian gland orifices and stagnation of sebaceous secretion.
Patient with acne rosacea or seborhoeic dermatitis are at increased risk of chalazion formation which may be multiple or recurrent.
If it is recurrent, one should think of sebaceous gland carcinoma
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Blepharitis is a common eye condition characterized by inflamed, scaly, red eyelids. It is caused by bacteria, dandruff, or other skin conditions. There are different types of blepharitis that affect the front or back of the eyelids. Symptoms include gritty or burning eyes, excessive tearing, and eyelid crusting. While blepharitis itself is not sight-threatening, it can lead to permanent eyelid changes if left untreated. Treatment focuses on keeping eyelids clean through warm compresses and scrubbing, with antibiotics or steroids possibly prescribed depending on the underlying cause.
DISORDERS OF THE EYELIDS 2
This document summarizes various disorders of the eyelids including:
1) Types of entropion such as involutional, cicatricial, and acute spastic entropion. Treatment options are discussed.
2) Types of ectropion including involutional, cicatricial, and paralytic ectropion. Management focuses on prevention of exposure keratopathy and surgical release of scarring.
3) Benign eyelid tumors like xanthelasma, basal cell papilloma, solar keratosis, and hemangioma are described along with associated characteristics and treatment approaches.
Trichiasis
Trichiasis is a condition where eyelashes are misdirected toward the eye, causing irritation, pain, photophobia, and foreign body sensation. It can be caused by chronic inflammatory conditions or develop idiopathically. Left untreated, trichiasis can lead to recurrent corneal abrasions, opacities, vascularization, and non-healing ulcers. Treatment involves epilation, electrolysis or cryoepilation to remove misdirected eyelashes.
Blepharitis
Blepharitis is an inflammation of the eyelids that can affect the eyelash roots and area behind the eyelids. It has multiple potential causes including bacterial, fungal infections, or meibomian gland dysfunction. Symptoms include itchy, irritated eyes, redness of the eyelids, excessive blinking, and a foreign body sensation. If left untreated, blepharitis can lead to complications affecting the eyelashes, eyelids, and conjunctiva. Treatment focuses on proper eyelid hygiene, antibiotic drops, and avoiding irritants.
Bacterial eyelid infections and blepharitis.
This document discusses bacterial infections and blepharitis that can affect the eyelids. It begins by covering the anatomy of the eyelid and then describes several specific bacterial infections including external hordeolum, impetigo, erysipelas, necrotizing fasciitis, anthrax, and syphilis. It then discusses blepharitis in detail, describing the different types (staphylococcal, seborrheic, posterior), associated conditions like meibomian gland dysfunction, symptoms, signs, treatment, and complications.
Eyelash Disorders
This document discusses three eyelash disorders: trichiasis, distichiasis, and madarosis. Trichiasis occurs when eyelashes grow inward toward the cornea, often due to conditions like trachoma or injuries. Distichiasis has a congenital form where an extra row of eyelashes grows from meibomian glands, or an acquired form due to changes in the glands. Madarosis is partial or complete eyelash loss that can be caused by local issues like blepharitis or systemic diseases like alopecia or hypothyroidism.
Disease of Conjunctiva.
This document discusses various extraocular disorders of the conjunctiva including infections, allergies, and growths. The most common infections are bacterial, viral, and allergic conjunctivitis. Signs and symptoms vary depending on the specific disorder but may include redness, swelling, discharge, itching, and eye pain. Diagnosis involves examination of symptoms and signs. Treatment focuses on removing the cause and managing symptoms through medications, surgery, or lifestyle changes. Prevention of infections and limiting irritant exposure are also discussed.
Allergic conjunctivitis
This document discusses different types of allergic conjunctivitis, including symptoms, signs, pathogenesis, and treatment. It covers simple allergic conjunctivitis like seasonal and perennial forms. It also discusses vernal keratoconjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis, giant papillary conjunctivitis, phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis, and contact dermatoconjunctivitis. For each type, the document provides details on clinical presentation, pathology, and recommended treatment approaches.
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This document discusses various types of lesions that can occur on the eyelids and surrounding areas. It begins by outlining the main categories of lesions: cysts, inflammation/infections, metabolic changes and degeneration, and tumors. It then focuses on describing different types of cysts that can occur, including inclusion cysts, retention cysts, and dermoid cysts. The document also discusses various types of inflammation and infections, such as blepharitis, hordeolum, chalazion, and bacterial or viral infections. Pathophysiology and treatment options are provided for some conditions like blepharitis, hordeolum, and chalazion. Other inflammatory conditions and infections mentioned include Moll
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Ophthalmology 5th year, 5th & 6th lectures (Dr. Khalid)
The document describes the anatomy and structure of the iris, ciliary body, choroid, and vascular pigmented layer. It discusses acute and chronic iridocyclitis (inflammation of the iris and ciliary body), including symptoms, signs, and treatments involving medications like atropine and corticosteroids. Complications of iridocyclitis mentioned include posterior synechiae, glaucoma, and cataracts.
CONJUCTIVA-2.pptx
1. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a recurrent, seasonal allergic inflammation of the conjunctiva that predominantly affects boys aged 4-20 years. It presents as palpebral, bulbar, or mixed forms characterized by papillae, limbal lesions, and corneal involvement.
2. Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis is a delayed hypersensitivity response to allergens causing nodular lesions on the conjunctiva and cornea. It commonly affects undernourished children aged 3-15 years.
3. Xerophthalmia is blindness caused by vitamin A deficiency, ranging from night blindness to corneal ulceration and scarring. It
HZO 2.pptx
This document describes the stages and treatment of herpes zoster (shingles). It discusses the prodromal, eruptive, and ocular lesion phases. The prodromal phase involves fever and pain along affected nerves. During the eruptive phase, macules and papules form and evolve into vesicles and pustules over 3-4 days. In the ocular lesion phase, conjunctivitis and keratitis commonly occur as symptoms subside. Chronic and relapsing stages can involve neuralgia, lid lesions, and corneal scarring. Treatment includes antiviral drugs, analgesics, steroids, and topical therapies like antibiotics and steroids for ocular lesions. Surgery may be needed for complications.
Uveitis 2lectures by dr. khaled
The document describes the anatomy and structure of the iris, ciliary body, choroid, and vascular pigmented layer. It discusses iridocyclitis (inflammation of the iris and ciliary body), its causes, signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options which include medications like atropine and corticosteroids as well as procedures like paracentesis. Complications of chronic iridocyclitis mentioned include band keratopathy, synechiae formation, glaucoma, and cataracts.
Uveitis 2lectures by dr. khaled
The document describes the anatomy and structure of the iris, ciliary body, choroid, and vascular pigmented layer. It discusses iridocyclitis (inflammation of the iris and ciliary body), its causes, symptoms, signs, and treatment options. Chronic iridocyclitis is characterized by vision loss, dust-like vitreous opacities, and formation of synechiae between the iris and lens. Diagnosis involves examining onset/course, medical history, clinical presentation, and lab tests. Treatment focuses on the underlying cause, symptoms, and preventing complications like glaucoma.
Uveitis 2lectures by dr. khaled
The document describes the anatomy and structure of the iris, ciliary body, choroid, and vascular pigmented layer. It discusses iridocyclitis (inflammation of the iris and ciliary body), its causes, symptoms, signs, and treatment options which include medications like atropine and corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and prevent complications. Chronic iridocyclitis can lead to posterior synechiae, band keratopathy, and secondary glaucoma if not properly treated.
Uveitis 2lectures by dr. khaled
The document describes the anatomy and structure of the iris, ciliary body, choroid, and vascular pigmented layer of the eye. It discusses iridocyclitis (inflammation of the iris and ciliary body) and its causes, signs, symptoms and treatment. It also describes suppurative choroiditis, endophthalmitis, and panophthalmitis, forms of posterior uveitis involving inflammation of the choroid.
Painful Red Eye Management (1).pptx
Red eye can be caused by conditions affecting the conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, iris, ciliary body, anterior chamber, eyelid, or orbit. Common causes include conjunctivitis, keratitis, scleritis, iritis, acute glaucoma, corneal ulcer, eyelid abnormalities like entropion or ectropion, and orbital cellulitis. Symptoms vary depending on the underlying condition but may include pain, visual loss, eye discharge, photophobia, and gritty or itchy sensation. Examination findings can provide clues to diagnose the specific cause and guide treatment.
conjunctivitis.ppt
Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, is an inflammation or infection of the transparent membrane (conjunctiva) that covers the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids. The main symptoms are redness, irritation, watering eyes, and discharge. It can be caused by allergies, bacteria, viruses, chemicals, or other irritants. Treatment depends on the cause but may include artificial tears, antihistamines, antibiotics, or other medications to relieve symptoms. Good hygiene practices can help prevent the spread of contagious forms of conjunctivitis.
Conjunctivitis, pterygium, pinguecula
This slide contains information regarding conjunctivitis, pterygium and pinguecula. This can be helpful for proficiency level and bachelor level nursing students. Your feedback is highly appreciated.
Sravani gembali.pptx[1]
This document discusses various types of granulomatous uveitis including tuberculosis (TB), leprosy, and sarcoidosis. It provides details on the etiology, clinical features, signs, course, classifications, and treatments of these conditions. Granulomatous uveitis is characterized by insidious onset, minimal pain, slight photophobia, minimal ciliary congestion, thick and broad-based posterior synechiae, and nodular lesions in the fundus. Specific treatments involve anti-tuberculous drugs for TB, dapsone for leprosy, and topical, periocular or systemic steroids for sarcoidosis depending on severity.
RedEyePresentation for neu team leads.pptx
This document provides an overview of the differential diagnosis for red eye, dividing causes into painful and non-painful categories. Painful causes include acute angle-closure glaucoma, corneal abrasion/ulcer, herpes simplex keratitis, and scleritis. Non-painful causes include conjunctivitis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, allergic conjunctivitis, and episcleritis. A systematic approach considering symptoms, signs, and etiology is important for accurate diagnosis and treatment of underlying red eye conditions.
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Disease of lacrimal apperatus.ppt by Optom. Saharukh Alam
- 1. Disease of Lacrimal Apparatus Presented By, Optom. Saharukh Alam (D Optometry, B Optometry)
- 2. Symptoms and Signs:- The disease of lacrimal apperatus is devided into two groups 1. Abnormalities of Lacrimal Glands:- i. Excessive Tear Secretion. ii. Deficient Tear Formation. 2. Defect in the Lacrimal Drainage System:- i. Caused Watering from eye. ii. Obstructed lacrimal sac causes inflammation. iii. Excessive tear secretion.
- 3. Disease of Lacrimal Gland:- 1. Acute Dacryoadenitis:- It is charactarized by acute local pain, swelling and tenderness and drooping of the upper eye lid with characteristic S-shaped curve. Treatment:- Antibiotic with local hot compress may be require.
- 4. 2. Chronic Dacryoadenitis:- A proliferative inflammation of the lacrimal gland may occur as a part generalized granulomatus disorders. It present as a painless, firm and mobile swelling of lacrimal gland. Treatment:- i. Surgical Excision. ii. Marsupialization of Cyst.
- 5. 3. Lacrimal Gland Tumors:- It is very rare and present in middle aged, progress slowly until they become hard nodular, lump. Treatment:- i. A biopsy may be needed for diagnosis. ii. If malignant report present, surgical removal required.
- 6. Disease of Lacrimal Passage 1. Canaliculitis:- I. Acute Canaliculitis:- It is usually a herpes simplex infection and self limiting. II. Chronic Canaliculitis:- It is most commonly caused by Actinomyces israelii. Clinical Features:- i. Discharge. ii. Stone Formation in sac. iii. Foreign Body Sensation. Treatment:- i. It is by removal of foreign body or by dialiting the canaliculitis. ii. In case of CC block, require conjunctivo- dacryosystorhinostomy (C-DCR) with bypass tube is helpful.
- 7. 2. Dacryocystitis:- It is an acute or chronic inflammation of lacrimal sac. Etiology:- i. Seen in newborn. ii. Left side more affected. iii. Inflammation of sac. Types:- i. Acute Dacryocystitis. ii. Chronic Dacryocystitis. * Congenital Type * Adult Type. Treatment:- i. In Acute, hot compress and antibiotic require. ii. In Chronic, Hydrostatic Sac Massage, Probing, intubation are required.
- 8. Thank You All The Best